The document summarizes apartheid, the system of racial segregation and discrimination against non-white groups in South Africa between 1948 and 1994. It describes the laws and policies that enforced apartheid, restricting the rights and movement of black, Asian, and mixed-race populations. Key figures that opposed apartheid, like Nelson Mandela and organizations like the African National Congress, are also outlined. Events like the Soweto uprising in 1976 protested apartheid policies and marked a turning point in the struggle against racial discrimination.

1. Apartheid: Racial Discrimination of South Africa
By Richard Soucy

2. Terms to Know
● Apartheid – Segregation of non-white population by law
● Black – Dark Skinned
● Asian – Of Asian Descent
● White – Light Skinned
● Colored – In between Black and White
segregation
● Segregation – Enforced separation of races
● Bantu – Literally is a tribe of Africans, in this PowerPoint it
means Black
● ANC – African National Congress, it is a political party that is
against Apartheid
● National Party – Political party that is for Apartheid

3. Government Actions To Enforce Apartheid
● Native Land Act of 1913 and 1936 required Blacks, Coloreds, and Asians live
on a small percentage of the land
● Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act of 1949 made illegal marriage in between
races
● Population Registration Act of 1950 required that each citizen of South Africa
be registered by their race
● Pass Laws Act of 1952 required that all
African Areas
Blacks, Asians, and Coloreds carry a pass
book at all times
● Bantu Education Act of 1953 required that only concepts that would be used
in allowed jobs would be taught
● Separate Amenities Act of 1953 legalized racial segregation of public areas
● Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1953 made harsher punishments legal for
nonwhites (i.e. corporal punishment for shoplifting)
● Native Labor Act of 1953 banned Africans from going on strike

4. Perspectives of Apartheid
"We speak out to put the world on
guard against what is happening in
South Africa. The brutal policy of
apartheid is applied before the eyes of
the nations of the world. The peoples
of Africa are compelled to endure the
fact that on the African continent the
superiority of one race over another
remains official policy, and that in the
name of this racial superiority murder
is committed with impunity. Can the
United Nations do nothing to stop
this?"
— Che Guerva

5. Nelson Mandela
● Became leader of ANC in 1961
● Not 100% peaceful – he was in armed branch
of ANC
● Goes underground in 1961
● Arrested in 1962
● Released in 1990, made anti-apartheid speech
on release date
● Awarded Nobel Peace Prize in 1993
● Becomes president of South Africa in 1994

6. Soweto
● Took place on June 16 1976 in Soweto, South Africa
● Students were protesting because of Afrikaans being the
taught language in schools
● 20,000 students were protesting, and a number of 176 to 700 were
killed
● Police barricaded intended route, so they just went another way
● Signs said slogans such as, “Down with Afrikaans”, “Viva Azania”
and, “If we must do Afrikaans, Vorster must do Zulu”
● Police released dogs on kids, who stoned the dogs, which caused
police to shoot purposely at children
● Bottle stores and beer halls were targeted by mob as well as whites
● Lots of controversy on this topic in South Africa at the time – a major
turning point

7. Changes After Apartheid
● No more:
– Segregation (wore off
slowly)
– Curfew
– Passes
● Blacks, Coloreds, and Asians could be
represented in government
● More money for non-whites
● More jobs for non-whites