Sustained and targeted drug delivery for breast cancer therapy using biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles can: 1) Deliver anti-cancer drugs directly to the tumor site, achieving higher drug concentrations in tumors compared to free drug administration. 2) Provide lowered toxic side effects by reducing the necessary systemic drug dose. 3) Potentially deliver multiple anti-cancer drugs simultaneously or sequentially for improved therapeutic efficacy.

1. “Sustained and targeted drug delivery for breast cancer
therapy”
Kuddushi Mohammad Muzammil Y
Year:- 2017-2018
Email ID:- muzammilkuddushi34@yahoo.com
Contact number - +91-8735017006
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2. • Cancer :- A large group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.(1)
Causes of cancer
Internal Factors External Factors
- chemicals, - hormones,
- radiation, - immune conditions,
-viruses, - inherited mutations
-lifestyle
Detecting of cancer
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1). Cancer Facts and Figures 2007(American Cancer Society, Atlanta, 2007).

3. Cancer is most common cause of world wide, and currently majority of cancer treatment strategies are based on the removal of
tumour mass mainly by surgery.
• Tumor: An abnormal mass of tissue
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Factors Believed to Contribute to Global Causes of Cancer

5. Incidence:- year 2008: india
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6. WHO :- World Health Organization
 Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with approximately 14 million new cases in 2012.(2)
 70 – 80 % cancer cases are detected at later stage when treatment is not possible
 Every year 8 lakhs new cases are detected in India.
 every year 5.5 lakhs Cancer Patients die in our Indian country.
 Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally, and was responsible for 8.8 million deaths in 2015.
 Globally, nearly 1 in 6 deaths is due to cancer.
 Approximately 70% of deaths occur because of cancer in low- and middle-income countries.
 2006, approximately 564,830 Americans died due to the cancer
 African Americans have the highest death rates from cancer
 1/3 of cancers are related to poor nutrition, physical inactivity, and obesity – preventable causes.
 Tobacco use is the most important risk factor for cancer and is responsible for approximately 22% of cancer deaths.(3).
 Cancer causing infections, such as hepatitis and human papilloma virus (HPV), are responsible for up to 25% of cancer cases in low- and
middle-income countries(4).
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2) Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Ervik M, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C et al. GLOBOCAN 2012 v1.0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide:
IARC CancerBase No. 11,Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2013
3) GBD 2015 Risk Factors Collaborators. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and
occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet.
2016 Oct; 388 (10053):1659-1724.
4) Plummer M, de Martel C, Vignat J, Ferlay J, Bray F, Franceschi S. Global burden of cancers attributable to infections in 2012: a synthetic
analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2016 Sep;4(9):e609-16. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30143-7. 6

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8. Introduction
 Breast cancer is the top and common cancer in women both in the developed and the developing countries .
 Breast cancer develop from breast tissues, it usually starts when the breast cancer cells grow out of control
 The chances of getting breast cancer increases with age.
 Approximately 2,20,000 cancer disease diagnosed annually in the United states.
 In India 60% breast cancer cases are detected at advanced stages.
 Breast cancer is most common diagnosed in woman worldwide with 1.3 million new cases per year
 it is the second leading causes of cancer death in woman
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9.  Breast cancer is increasing in the developing world due to increase life expectancy, increase urbanization and adoption of western lifestyles.
 Detection: mammograms, biopsy, regular breast self-exams.
 Symptoms: lump in the breast, thickening, dimpling, skin irritation.
 Outcome have improved through greater awareness, early detection and more effective therapies
A tumor grows from a
single cancer cell
Cancer cells invade
neighboring tissue
Cancer cells spread through lymph and
blood vessels to other parts of the body
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10. Breast cancer drugs available in market
Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) Docetaxel (Taxotere)
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
paclitaxel (Taxol) Epirubicin (Ellence)
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11. Drug Combinations Used in Breast Cancer
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AC
AC-T
CAF FEC
CMF
TAC

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common side effects of
Breast cancer drugs

13. AIM :- Delivers drug/multiple drugs directly to tumor site in cancer therapy by using biodegradable polymeric nano particles .
for drug for multiple drug
Objective: Design and characterize a polymer drug-conjugate delivery system to which different anti-cancer drugs or X and Y are linked and to establish
enhanced tumour toxicity of the polymer-drug conjugates compared to equal concentrations of free anti-cancer agents, to demonstrate the reduction in toxicity of
X and Y by polymer–conjugation. Comparative in vivo studies will be undertaken with mice.
Hypothesis: Delivery of drug or multiple anti-cancer drugs loaded on a polymer into the tumour environment would be more efficient in killing tumour cells than
with free conventional chemotherapeutic drugs.so drug will be realse the tumor site and it enhance the therapeutic level, so it deceasing the dose and side effects
of drugs.
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14. LITRATURE PROCEDUMENT OF FORMULATION
SURVEY DRUG & EXCIPENTS DEVLOPMENT
STEPS:-
 pre-formulation study drugs and excipients :- melting point, solubility, PCD, interaction study
 Formulation
 characterization and evaluation of formulation :- PSD, Zeta potential, X-ray diffraction, DSC
 In-vitro/In-vivo release study
 cell line study
 selection of optimized formulation
 stability study.
 statistical analysis of data
LITERATURE PROCEDUMENT OF FORMULATION
SURVEY DRUG & EXCIPENTS DEVLOPMENT
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15. • Biodegradable polymers
Synthetic biodegradable polymers Natural biodegradable polymers Microbial biodegradable polymers
Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) Cellulose Poly (hydroxy alkanoates) (PHA)
Poly (glycolic acid) (PGA) Starch Poly (glutamic acid) (PG)
Poly caprolactone Chitosan
Poly (carbonates) Hyaluronic acid
Poly (amino acids)
Poly (alkyl cyano acrylate)
Poly (phosphazenes)
Poly (urethanes)
Poly (phospho esters)
Reduce toxicity
Better drug efficiency
Active targeting
Increase stability
Increase solubility
Overcome tumor cell
Resistance 15

16. Types of nanocarriers for drug delivery.
“Nanocarriers are the drug vectors which protect,transport and retain drug “ an route “ and deliver it to target site “
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Polymer-drug conjugates are a novel class of
nanocairrers for anti-cancer drug, which can protect
the drug from premature degradation, prevent drug
from prematurely interaction with the biological
environment and enhance the absorption
of the drugs into tumor.

17.  Docetaxel and paclitaxel have comparable efficacy metastatic breast cancer but paclitaxel has less side effects. (5) Additionally, it has been noted that docetaxel is
prone to cellular drug resistance via a variety of different mechanisms. (6)
polymers have been employed for the targeted delivery of various anti-cancer agents such as doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin (hydrophilic drugs), paclitaxel,
docetaxel (7)PGA was the first biodegradable polymer to be used for conjugate synthesis (8).
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5) Wei-Xiang Qi ;Zan Shen;Feng Lin;Yuan-jue Sun;Da-liu Min;Li-Na Tang;Ai-Na He;Yang Yao, Department of Oncology;Shanghai Jiao Tong University; China,
Current Medical Research & Opinion. Vol. 29, No. 2, 2013, 117–125
6) Alken S;Kelly CM, Department of Medical Oncology;Ireland, Benefit risk assessment and update on the use of docetaxel in the management of breast
cancer,Vol.2013, No.5, 2013, 357-365
7) Jain AK; Das M; Swarnakar NK, et al. Engineered PLGA nanoparticles: an emerging delivery tool in cancer therapeutics.,Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst.
2011;28(1):1–45.
(8) Sabbatini P, Aghajanian C, Dizon D, et al. Phase II study of CT-2103 in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal carcinoma.
Structure of HPMA copolymer; structure of PGA-paclitaxel conjugate.
Multivalent,
water soluble
Biodegradable,
Nontoxic.
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Examples :-

18. Benefits
Application
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Sustained
and
targeted
drug
delivery
increase
drug
stability
Delivers
multiple
drugs
directly to
tumor site
Provides
lowered
toxic side
effects.
Provides
improved
therapeutic
index
improved
cellular
interaction
Increase drug
concentration in
tumor through a
passive tageting
and active
targeting
improve
pharmacokinetics
and
pharmacodynamics
profile.

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