The document discusses gene mutations, plasmids, transposons, and related multiple choice questions. It defines gene mutation and its types, and explains the etiology and clinical significance of mutations. It defines plasmids, differentiates between conjugative and non-transmissible plasmids, and discusses their functions and medical importance. It also defines transposons, their domains and insertion sequences. The remainder of the document consists of multiple choice questions related to these topics.

1. General Bacteriology
Dr. (NM) Shehla unmbreen

2. Mutation
1. Define Gene Mutation, give its types with common examples and
their effects. (03)
2. Explain the etiology of mutation. (03)
3. What is its Clinical significance? (02)

3. Plasmids & Transposons
1. What are plasmids? Differentiate between Conjugative and Non-
Transmissible plasmids? (03)
2. Explain Plasmids by enlighten their functions. (02)
3. What is the medical importance of plasmids?
4. Define Bacteriocins and illuminate their importance. (03)
5. Define Transposons. What are its domains and Insertion
sequences? (03)

4. Plasmids & Transposons MCQs
1. Which of the following gene helps in identifying transformed cells?
(a) plasmid
(b) selectable marker
(c) structural gene
(d) vector

5. • 2. If the plasmid and the foreign DNA are cut by the same restriction
endonuclease, recombinant DNA can be formed by joining both by
(a) Polymerase III
(b) EcoRI
(c) Ligase
(d) Taq polymerase
3. Find the incorrect statement about plasmids
(a) they are circular
(b) they replicate independently
(c) they are transferrable
(d) they are single stranded

6. 4. The DNA molecule used for integrating foreign gene for cloning is called
(a) vector
(b) carrier
(c) template
(d) Transformer
5. The Ti plasmid is found in
(a) Agrobacterium
(b) Yeast as a 2mm plasmid
(c) Rhizobium of the roots of leguminous plants
(d) Azotobacter

7. 6. Replication of plasmid DNA other than initiation is controlled by
(a) bacterial gene
(b) mitochondrial gene
(c) plasmid DNA
(d) none of these
7. Antibiotics are used in genetic engineering. They are useful
(a) to keep culture free of microbial infections
(b) to select healthy vectors
(c) to identify replication start sites
(d) as selectable markers

8. 8. A single-stranded, radiolabelled molecule of nucleic acids is called
(a) plasmid
(b) vector
(c) probe
(d) selectable marker
10. A vector that can clone only a small DNA fragment is
(a) cosmid
(b) plasmid
(c) Yeast artificial chromosome
(d) Bacterial artificial chromosome

9. 10. Plasmid replication is dependent on the host cell.
a) True
b) False
11. How the plasmid clones can be screened?
a) By selectable markers
b) By bacterial resistance gene
c) For restriction site
d) By ARS sequence
12. How many restriction sites are contained by a plasmid?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) More than 1

10. 13. The transposable elements of bacteria are generally retrotransposons.
a) True
b) False
14. The IS elements can be identified by the presence of __________
a) Antibiotic resistance gene
b) Endonuclease cleavage site
c) 50 bp inverted repeat
d) Integrase site
15. Direct repeats in the IS element are present __________
a) Within the transposon
b) Upstream the inverted repeat
c) Within the inverted repeat
d) Downstream the inverted repeat

11. 16. The enzyme that catalyzes the transposition of an IS element is called
__________
a) Transposase
b) Integrase
c) Transcriptase
d) Polymerase
17. Transposase restriction mechanism of the IS element restricts the
transposon and the target DNA in a combination of which of the following?
a) Blunt end cut for transposon and sticky end cut for target DNA
b) Blunt end cut for both transposon and target DNA
c) Sticky end cut for transposon and blunt end cut for target DNA
d) Sticky end cut for both transposon and target DNA

12. 18. Which of the following functions is not performed by transposase?
a) Restriction of the IS element
b) Integration of the transposon
c) Formation of the RNA intermediate
d) Restriction of the host genome
19. The central block of the composite transposable element consists a gene
for __________
a) Transposase
b) Antibiotic resistance
c) Integrase
d) Lactamase

13. • Answer
• 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (b)
• 11. (a) 12. (d) 13. (b) 14. © 15. © 16. (a) 17. (a) 18. © 19. (b)