Muhammad
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Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 AD and worked as a merchant. At age 40, he began receiving revelations from God that became the basis of Islam's holy book, the Quran. By 630, he had unified most of Arabia under the religion of Islam. He encountered opposition from Mecca's leaders when his message condemned their idol worship and polytheism. This forced him to emigrate to Medina in 622, marking the beginning of the Muslim calendar. From there, he gradually gained more followers and military strength. By 630, he conquered Mecca with minimal casualties and destroyed the city's pagan idols. Muhammad died in Medina in 632 at age 62 and was buried at a mosque
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Rise of Islam: Muhammad
Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 AD and worked as a shepherd and merchant. At age 40, he began receiving revelations from God and became the prophet of Islam. He preached monotheism in Mecca but faced opposition from polytheists. In 622 AD, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina to escape threats, marking the beginning of the Muslim calendar. From Medina, Muhammad united Arab tribes under Islam and established the religion before his death in 632 AD.
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The document provides biographical information about Muhammad and key aspects of Islam:
- Muhammad was born in Mecca in the 6th century to a merchant family and was orphaned at a young age. He began preaching revelations from God at age 40.
- The Quran is considered the verbatim word of God as revealed to Muhammad by Gabriel. It contains spiritual teachings and guidance for Muslims.
- The five pillars of Islam are the fundamental acts worshipped by Muslims: faith, prayer, fasting, charity, and pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime.
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The document summarizes the origins and early history of Islam. It describes how Muhammad began receiving revelations from God in 610 CE and established the basic beliefs and practices of Islam. It discusses the migration of Muhammad's followers to Medina in 622 CE and the expansion of the Muslim community. The document also outlines the split between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims that emerged from a power struggle after Muhammad's death over who would lead the Muslim community.
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Muhammad spread the beliefs and practices of Islam through conquest. His successors built an empire stretching from Spain to India. In the 7th century, a split created the Sunni and Shiite sects of Islam. The nomadic Arabs originated from the Arabian Peninsula and organized into tribes. Muhammad received revelations from God through the angel Gabriel and founded Islam, with beliefs including monotheism, following the Five Pillars of Islam, and adhering to Sharia law.
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The document summarizes the early development of Islam. It describes how Islam originated in Mecca on the Arabian Peninsula under the prophet Mohammed. Mohammed began receiving revelations from God in 610 CE and started preaching the teachings of Islam. However, this threatened the local polytheistic traditions and economy in Mecca, which depended on pilgrimages to the Kaaba. Mohammed and his followers faced persecution, so they migrated to Medina in 622 CE, an event known as the Hijra. In Medina, Mohammed established the first Muslim community and the five pillars of Islam: the shahadah (faith), salat (prayer), zakat (alms), sawm (fasting during Ramad
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The document provides biographical details about the early life of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam:
- Muhammad was born in 570 AD in Mecca and became an orphan as a child, being raised by his grandfather and uncle. As a young adult, he worked as a merchant and married Khadijah.
- In 610 AD, while meditating in a cave, Muhammad began receiving revelations from God that became verses of the Quran. He began preaching monotheism, rejecting traditional Meccan polytheism.
- Persecuted by the Quraysh tribe, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina in 622 AD, establishing the first Muslim community. From there, Muhammad consolidated
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The Muslims created a vast empire in the 7th-8th centuries CE that spanned three continents despite internal conflicts. Under the early "Rightly Guided" caliphs, Muslim armies rapidly conquered lands using disciplined troops and taking advantage of weak Byzantine and Persian empires, spreading Islam through conquest and missionary work. However, struggles for power led to the rise of the Umayyad dynasty and theological divisions between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims. By 750 CE, the Abbasid dynasty had come to power ruling over a vast Muslim empire with territories in western Asia, North Africa, and the Iberian Peninsula (Spain).
Islam
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Mohammed and the Rise of Islam
The document summarizes the origins and rise of Islam through its founder Mohammed. It describes how Mohammed began receiving revelations in Mecca in the 6th century AD and faced opposition from local tribes as he preached monotheism. He eventually fled to Medina in 622 and formed the first Muslim community. Over time, Islam expanded rapidly through military conquests led by Mohammed's successors across the Middle East, North Africa, and into Europe and Asia. The document outlines the key beliefs and practices of Islam including the Five Pillars and sources of Islamic law like the Quran and hadith. It also describes the ongoing split between Sunni and Shia Muslims over the rightful
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The document provides an overview of the origins and spread of the three Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It discusses how Judaism emerged among the Hebrews in Mesopotamia and their migration to Canaan under Abraham. Christianity developed from Judaism based on the teachings of Jesus Christ. Islam emerged in the 7th century AD in Mecca under the prophet Muhammad, incorporating aspects of both earlier faiths. It then spread rapidly through the Middle East, Africa, and Asia in the following centuries through Muslim trade networks and military conquests.
The History of Islam
This document provides a brief overview of the history of Islam from its beginnings in the 7th century through the rise of the Ottoman Empire in the 15th-16th centuries. It mentions the original establishment of Islam in Mecca and Medina under the prophet Muhammad in the 620s CE, the early Muslim-Quraysh wars and Muhammad's victory at Badr in 624 CE. It then summarizes the Umayyad Caliphate from 661-750 CE based in Damascus, the Abbasid Caliphate from 750-1258 CE based in Baghdad, and concludes with the rise of the Ottoman Turks culminating in the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 CE.
Islam pdf with notes
Muhammad was born in 570 CE in Mecca and founded the religion of Islam. He began receiving revelations from God at age 40 and preached the oneness of God. He faced persecution from Meccans and migrated to Medina in 622, an event known as the Hijra. From there, he established the first Muslim community and community. Key events included the Battle of Badr, which increased his prestige, and the conquest of Mecca in 630, after which he controlled most of Arabia. He established Islam as both a religion and a social and political system before his death in 632.
Chapter 4 – Muhammad And The Nation Of
The document provides an overview of the founding of Islam and the life of Muhammad. It discusses how Muhammad received revelations from God and founded the religion of Islam in the 7th century AD. Key events included Muhammad fleeing persecution in Mecca and traveling to Medina in 622 AD, which marked the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Muhammad eventually conquered Mecca and established the five pillars of Islam that are the core duties of Muslims.
Historical Atlas of Islam
This historical atlas provides a concise overview of the history and spread of Islam from the 7th century to present day. It covers the foundational beliefs and practices of Islam, the expansion of Islamic rule across three continents in the centuries following Muhammad's mission, and the development of major Islamic empires like the Abbasids, Fatimids, Ottomans, and Mughals. The atlas also examines the impact of colonialism, the growth of reform movements, and the challenges faced by Muslim communities worldwide in the modern era. Rich in visual maps and timelines, it serves as an indispensable resource for understanding the story of Islamic civilization.
10.2 - The Spread Of Islam
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Islamic history
The document discusses the spread of Islam from the 7th century onwards from the Arabian peninsula to three continents within half a century. It notes that Islam spread primarily through religious appeal and conversion rather than by force, except in Arabia where some tribes were warred against for not accepting Islam. It then discusses various Muslim invasions and rulers in India from the 11th century onward, including the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire. It also briefly mentions the political aspects of Islam derived from the Quran and traditions of the Prophet Muhammad.
Ancientcivilizations 120112150911-phpapp01
1) Early Arabs were nomadic tribes who lived in the Arabian Peninsula and organized into independent tribes to help each other survive in the hostile desert environment.
2) After domesticating camels, Arabs expanded caravan trade between the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean regions. They traced their ancestry to Abraham and Ishmael and revered the Kaaba shrine in Mecca.
3) Muhammad emerged in the 7th century preaching monotheism and calling the Arabs to submit to God. After his death, the new Muslim nation expanded the Arab Empire across North Africa and Spain under early caliphs.
Islam Div. 2
The document provides an overview of the key beliefs and practices in Islam. It discusses Muslims' beliefs in God (Allah) and following his will. The five pillars of faith are explained as Shahadah, Salat, Zakat, Siyam, and Hajj. The Quran is described as the holy book containing God's revelations to the Prophet Muhammad. Several Islamic rituals and festivals are summarized such as daily prayers, fasting during Ramadan, and celebrating Eid al-Fitr at the end of Ramadan. It also provides brief biographies of Muhammad as the founder of Islam and histories of the important cities of Mecca and Medina.
Mohammed
Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 and was orphaned at a young age. While meditating in a cave at age 40, he received his first revelation from God and began preaching the revelations publicly. He faced hostility from Meccan tribes and migrated to Medina in 622, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar. After uniting tribes in Medina and fighting Meccan tribes for eight years, Muhammad and his 10,000 followers conquered Mecca in 632 before he died later that year.
Module Three Notes Presentation
The document provides information on Islamic civilization, including the life and teachings of Muhammad, the major tenets of Islam, and the expansion and impact of Islam. It discusses Muhammad receiving revelations from God and establishing the religion of Islam. The two main branches of Islam, Sunni and Shiite, developed after Muhammad's death. Under Arab rule, the Islamic empire expanded across northern Africa and into Spain. The Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties ruled large Islamic caliphates during periods of cultural and economic prosperity, though divisions emerged over time.
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The history of islam
The document provides biographical information about Muhammad and key aspects of Islam:
- Muhammad was born in Mecca in the 6th century to a merchant family and was orphaned at a young age. He began preaching revelations from God at age 40.
- The Quran is considered the verbatim word of God as revealed to Muhammad by Gabriel. It contains spiritual teachings and guidance for Muslims.
- The five pillars of Islam are the fundamental acts worshipped by Muslims: faith, prayer, fasting, charity, and pilgrimage to Mecca once in a lifetime.
- Key figures after Muhammad included his father-in-law Abu Bakr, the first Muslim caliph, and his daughter Fatimah, who
The origins of islam sswh5ab
The document summarizes the origins and early history of Islam. It describes how Muhammad began receiving revelations from God in 610 CE and established the basic beliefs and practices of Islam. It discusses the migration of Muhammad's followers to Medina in 622 CE and the expansion of the Muslim community. The document also outlines the split between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims that emerged from a power struggle after Muhammad's death over who would lead the Muslim community.
Rise of Islam
Muhammad spread the beliefs and practices of Islam through conquest. His successors built an empire stretching from Spain to India. In the 7th century, a split created the Sunni and Shiite sects of Islam. The nomadic Arabs originated from the Arabian Peninsula and organized into tribes. Muhammad received revelations from God through the angel Gabriel and founded Islam, with beliefs including monotheism, following the Five Pillars of Islam, and adhering to Sharia law.
10.1 - The Rise Of Islam
The document summarizes the early development of Islam. It describes how Islam originated in Mecca on the Arabian Peninsula under the prophet Mohammed. Mohammed began receiving revelations from God in 610 CE and started preaching the teachings of Islam. However, this threatened the local polytheistic traditions and economy in Mecca, which depended on pilgrimages to the Kaaba. Mohammed and his followers faced persecution, so they migrated to Medina in 622 CE, an event known as the Hijra. In Medina, Mohammed established the first Muslim community and the five pillars of Islam: the shahadah (faith), salat (prayer), zakat (alms), sawm (fasting during Ramad
Islam (muhammad) 2
The document provides biographical details about the early life of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam:
- Muhammad was born in 570 AD in Mecca and became an orphan as a child, being raised by his grandfather and uncle. As a young adult, he worked as a merchant and married Khadijah.
- In 610 AD, while meditating in a cave, Muhammad began receiving revelations from God that became verses of the Quran. He began preaching monotheism, rejecting traditional Meccan polytheism.
- Persecuted by the Quraysh tribe, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina in 622 AD, establishing the first Muslim community. From there, Muhammad consolidated
Islam Expands
The Muslims created a vast empire in the 7th-8th centuries CE that spanned three continents despite internal conflicts. Under the early "Rightly Guided" caliphs, Muslim armies rapidly conquered lands using disciplined troops and taking advantage of weak Byzantine and Persian empires, spreading Islam through conquest and missionary work. However, struggles for power led to the rise of the Umayyad dynasty and theological divisions between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims. By 750 CE, the Abbasid dynasty had come to power ruling over a vast Muslim empire with territories in western Asia, North Africa, and the Iberian Peninsula (Spain).
Islam
Islam originated in the Arabian Peninsula in the 7th century AD. According to Islamic tradition, the prophet Muhammad began receiving revelations from God through the angel Gabriel around 570 AD. Muhammad shared his message with others in Mecca, but faced opposition from leaders there. He and his followers migrated to Medina, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Islam then spread across Asia, Africa, and parts of Europe through military conquests and trade routes. Key cities in the early Islamic empire included Mecca, Medina, Damascus, and Baghdad.
Islam: Origins
The document discusses the origins and rise of Islam. It describes how the prophet Muhammad received revelations from God in Mecca in the 7th century AD and began preaching monotheism, that there is only one God, Allah. Muhammad and his followers faced opposition from Meccans and fled to Medina in 622 AD. By 630 AD, Muhammad and his followers had gained control over Mecca. Upon Muhammad's death in 632 AD, Islam had spread across the Arabian Peninsula. The document outlines the Five Pillars of Islam that are the core beliefs and practices of the Muslim faith.
Mohammed and the Rise of Islam
Mohammed and the Rise of Islam
The document summarizes the origins and rise of Islam through its founder Mohammed. It describes how Mohammed began receiving revelations in Mecca in the 6th century AD and faced opposition from local tribes as he preached monotheism. He eventually fled to Medina in 622 and formed the first Muslim community. Over time, Islam expanded rapidly through military conquests led by Mohammed's successors across the Middle East, North Africa, and into Europe and Asia. The document outlines the key beliefs and practices of Islam including the Five Pillars and sources of Islamic law like the Quran and hadith. It also describes the ongoing split between Sunni and Shia Muslims over the rightful
10.1 the rise of islam
The document provides an overview of the rise of Islam, including key terms, locations of Muslim-majority countries, and historical trade routes in the Arabian Peninsula. It summarizes the early life of the Prophet Muhammad, including his revelations and the Hijrah migration. The main beliefs and practices of Islam are outlined, including the Five Pillars and sources of authority like the Quran and hadith.
Islam: Origins and Expansion
Islam is a monotheistic religion founded by Muhammad in the 7th century AD. It has five main beliefs: one God called Allah, judgment day, acceptance of prophets including Moses and Jesus, Muhammad as the final prophet, and the Quran as the holy book. The religion spread rapidly from the 7th century onward through conquest and trade, reaching as far as Spain, India, and Russia. Islam split into the Sunni and Shia sects in the 7th century due to disputes over religious leadership. Both made major cultural and scientific contributions to fields like architecture, medicine, mathematics, and geography.
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The document provides an overview of the origins and spread of the three Abrahamic religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It discusses how Judaism emerged among the Hebrews in Mesopotamia and their migration to Canaan under Abraham. Christianity developed from Judaism based on the teachings of Jesus Christ. Islam emerged in the 7th century AD in Mecca under the prophet Muhammad, incorporating aspects of both earlier faiths. It then spread rapidly through the Middle East, Africa, and Asia in the following centuries through Muslim trade networks and military conquests.
The History of Islam
This document provides a brief overview of the history of Islam from its beginnings in the 7th century through the rise of the Ottoman Empire in the 15th-16th centuries. It mentions the original establishment of Islam in Mecca and Medina under the prophet Muhammad in the 620s CE, the early Muslim-Quraysh wars and Muhammad's victory at Badr in 624 CE. It then summarizes the Umayyad Caliphate from 661-750 CE based in Damascus, the Abbasid Caliphate from 750-1258 CE based in Baghdad, and concludes with the rise of the Ottoman Turks culminating in the conquest of Constantinople in 1453 CE.
Islam pdf with notes
Muhammad was born in 570 CE in Mecca and founded the religion of Islam. He began receiving revelations from God at age 40 and preached the oneness of God. He faced persecution from Meccans and migrated to Medina in 622, an event known as the Hijra. From there, he established the first Muslim community and community. Key events included the Battle of Badr, which increased his prestige, and the conquest of Mecca in 630, after which he controlled most of Arabia. He established Islam as both a religion and a social and political system before his death in 632.
Chapter 4 – Muhammad And The Nation Of
The document provides an overview of the founding of Islam and the life of Muhammad. It discusses how Muhammad received revelations from God and founded the religion of Islam in the 7th century AD. Key events included Muhammad fleeing persecution in Mecca and traveling to Medina in 622 AD, which marked the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Muhammad eventually conquered Mecca and established the five pillars of Islam that are the core duties of Muslims.
Historical Atlas of Islam
This historical atlas provides a concise overview of the history and spread of Islam from the 7th century to present day. It covers the foundational beliefs and practices of Islam, the expansion of Islamic rule across three continents in the centuries following Muhammad's mission, and the development of major Islamic empires like the Abbasids, Fatimids, Ottomans, and Mughals. The atlas also examines the impact of colonialism, the growth of reform movements, and the challenges faced by Muslim communities worldwide in the modern era. Rich in visual maps and timelines, it serves as an indispensable resource for understanding the story of Islamic civilization.
10.2 - The Spread Of Islam
The document summarizes the early spread of Islam following the death of Muhammad in 632 CE. It describes how Abu Bakr became the first caliph and expanded the Muslim empire against the weakened Persian and Byzantine empires. By 750 CE, the Islamic empire stretched from Spain to India. The document also discusses the status of non-Muslims under Islamic rule and the succession disputes that led to the Sunni-Shia split in Islam.
Islamic history
The document discusses the spread of Islam from the 7th century onwards from the Arabian peninsula to three continents within half a century. It notes that Islam spread primarily through religious appeal and conversion rather than by force, except in Arabia where some tribes were warred against for not accepting Islam. It then discusses various Muslim invasions and rulers in India from the 11th century onward, including the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire. It also briefly mentions the political aspects of Islam derived from the Quran and traditions of the Prophet Muhammad.
Ancientcivilizations 120112150911-phpapp01
1) Early Arabs were nomadic tribes who lived in the Arabian Peninsula and organized into independent tribes to help each other survive in the hostile desert environment.
2) After domesticating camels, Arabs expanded caravan trade between the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean regions. They traced their ancestry to Abraham and Ishmael and revered the Kaaba shrine in Mecca.
3) Muhammad emerged in the 7th century preaching monotheism and calling the Arabs to submit to God. After his death, the new Muslim nation expanded the Arab Empire across North Africa and Spain under early caliphs.
Islam Div. 2
The document provides an overview of the key beliefs and practices in Islam. It discusses Muslims' beliefs in God (Allah) and following his will. The five pillars of faith are explained as Shahadah, Salat, Zakat, Siyam, and Hajj. The Quran is described as the holy book containing God's revelations to the Prophet Muhammad. Several Islamic rituals and festivals are summarized such as daily prayers, fasting during Ramadan, and celebrating Eid al-Fitr at the end of Ramadan. It also provides brief biographies of Muhammad as the founder of Islam and histories of the important cities of Mecca and Medina.
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Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 and was orphaned at a young age. While meditating in a cave at age 40, he received his first revelation from God and began preaching the revelations publicly. He faced hostility from Meccan tribes and migrated to Medina in 622, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar. After uniting tribes in Medina and fighting Meccan tribes for eight years, Muhammad and his 10,000 followers conquered Mecca in 632 before he died later that year.
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3) At age 40, Muhammad began receiving divine revelations from God through the archangel Gabriel, marking the beginning of his prophetic career and the establishment of Islam.
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The document summarizes the origins and early history of Islam. It states that the Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 CE and began receiving revelations from the angel Gabriel in 610 CE, teaching that he was a prophet continuing the messages of Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. Many poor and merchants rejected his message. By 632 CE when he died, Islamic control of Arabia was underway. After his death, fighting broke out over succession leading to the Sunni and Shi'a split. Within a century, Islam spread throughout the Middle East and North Africa.
Islam nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
Islam is the second largest religion in the world with approximately 1.6 billion followers. Muhammad founded Islam in the 7th century after receiving revelations from God. He taught that Allah is the one true God and that people must worship Him and live virtuously. After facing hostility from Meccans, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Over time, Muhammad gained more followers and eventually conquered Mecca without violence. The teachings of Muhammad and revelations he received from God are contained in Islam's holiest texts, the Quran and the Hadith.
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The document provides information about Islam, including:
1) It discusses several famous celebrities who practice Islam such as Mike Tyson, Janet Jackson, and Shaquille O'Neal.
2) It explains the key beliefs and practices of Islam, such as the Five Pillars of Islam which include the Shahadah, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj.
3) It provides biographical details about the life of the prophet Muhammad and the origins of Islam, including Muhammad's first revelation from God and the migration to Medina to escape persecution in Mecca.
Muhammad
Muhammad was born in 570 CE in Mecca and was raised by his mother and wet nurse after his father died. As a young man, he worked as a shepherd and later a merchant. He began having spiritual visions in a mountain cave and receiving revelations that became the Quran. Muhammad shared his monotheistic message with his tribe, facing persecution. In 622 CE, Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina, establishing the first Muslim community. Over the next decade, Muhammad consolidated control of the Arabian Peninsula before dying in Medina in 632 CE.
CHAPTER 10ISLAMFIRST ENCOUNTERYou are in Malaysia, on your w
CHAPTER 10
ISLAM
FIRST ENCOUNTER
You are in Malaysia, on your way south to Singapore. A friend has recommended that you visit the modern national mosque in Kuala Lumpur. Your first try is unsuccessful because the mosque is closed for midday prayer. After two hours at a nearby museum of Islamic art, you return to the mosque. You leave your shoes at the bottom of the stairs and walk up into the building.
The mosque is extraordinary. You are amazed at how well the traditional Islamic love of geometrical design has been adapted to modern architecture. The marble floors reflect the colors of the stained glass above and the movement of the many visitors walking toward the main prayer area.
As you approach the core of the mosque, you notice a sign on a rope indicating that only Muslims are allowed to enter. You overhear some Chinese visitors explain to a woman at the rope that they are Muslims. She directs them in. You come up behind them, just to get a better look. The large space is carpeted, and people are prostrating themselves in prayer. You and the woman begin to talk.
Page 408“My name is Aminah,” she says. “I'm an elementary-school teacher. Right now school is not in session, so I volunteer my time here.” Aminah is dressed in a floor-length blue robe with a full head covering. Only her face and hands are visible. “Do you have any questions?” she asks.
From what you have seen on the streets of Kuala Lumpur, you know that Aminah is conservatively dressed. So you ask the obvious question: “Why do you dress as you do?”
“I expected that,” she says with a smile. “So many westerners want to talk about clothes.” You look down, slightly embarrassed to be just another westerner with an obvious question.
“The way I dress makes me feel safe,” she says. “For me it's comfortable. It reminds me that within Islam, women are protected.”
You look a bit doubtful.
“Yes, I know,” she continues. “It is possible to be too protected. Fathers and uncles and brothers sometimes make it their career to watch out for you, and that's not always welcome.” You both laugh. “And sports can be difficult if one is all covered up. But we're working on it.”
Aminah has finished her duty and is replaced by a man standing nearby.
“What about arranged marriages, especially of very young women?” you ask her. “And what about women being kept from education in some Muslim countries?” You ask these things just for the sake of argument, as you both begin to walk toward the exit.
“Things like that are cultural,” she says. “There are many old traditions that are not a part of true Islam, and they can be changed. A whole new kind of modern Islam is developing, especially here in Malaysia, and the roles of women are widening. You know the saying, ‘Do not judge a book by its cover.’ What you see of women like me may look traditional, but it's a disguise. Inside, we're modern. Come back again in ten years and you will see it even more clearly.”
Together you go down the steps in front of the mo ...
Islam
Mecca is the holiest city in Islam, as it is the birthplace of Muhammad and where he first received revelations from God through the Angel Gabriel. Mecca has been the destination for Muslim pilgrims from around the world for over 1,400 years during the annual Hajj pilgrimage. Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 CE and began receiving revelations from God at age 40, which were collected as the Quran. After facing persecution from unbelievers in Mecca for preaching the teachings of Islam, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina, marking the beginning of the Muslim calendar. Within a century of Muhammad's death, Islam had spread across much of the Arabian Peninsula and beyond due to the clarity
Islam
The document provides an overview of the life and teachings of Muhammad, the founder and prophet of Islam. It discusses that Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 AD and began receiving revelations from God at age 40. He faced opposition from Meccans and fled to Medina in 622, marking the beginning of the Muslim calendar. After returning to Mecca, he destroyed pagan idols and dedicated the Kaaba to God. The Qu'ran is the holy text of Islam containing God's direct words. The five pillars of Islam are the core beliefs and practices in the faith. After Muhammad's death, there was a succession dispute but Abu Bakr became the first Caliph. The main split between Shia and Sunni Muslims
CHAPTER 10ISLAMFIRST ENCOUNTERYou are in Malaysia, on your w.docx
CHAPTER 10
ISLAM
FIRST ENCOUNTER
You are in Malaysia, on your way south to Singapore. A friend has recommended that you visit the modern national mosque in Kuala Lumpur. Your first try is unsuccessful because the mosque is closed for midday prayer. After two hours at a nearby museum of Islamic art, you return to the mosque. You leave your shoes at the bottom of the stairs and walk up into the building.
The mosque is extraordinary. You are amazed at how well the traditional Islamic love of geometrical design has been adapted to modern architecture. The marble floors reflect the colors of the stained glass above and the movement of the many visitors walking toward the main prayer area.
As you approach the core of the mosque, you notice a sign on a rope indicating that only Muslims are allowed to enter. You overhear some Chinese visitors explain to a woman at the rope that they are Muslims. She directs them in. You come up behind them, just to get a better look. The large space is carpeted, and people are prostrating themselves in prayer. You and the woman begin to talk.
Page 408“My name is Aminah,” she says. “I'm an elementary-school teacher. Right now school is not in session, so I volunteer my time here.” Aminah is dressed in a floor-length blue robe with a full head covering. Only her face and hands are visible. “Do you have any questions?” she asks.
From what you have seen on the streets of Kuala Lumpur, you know that Aminah is conservatively dressed. So you ask the obvious question: “Why do you dress as you do?”
“I expected that,” she says with a smile. “So many westerners want to talk about clothes.” You look down, slightly embarrassed to be just another westerner with an obvious question.
“The way I dress makes me feel safe,” she says. “For me it's comfortable. It reminds me that within Islam, women are protected.”
You look a bit doubtful.
“Yes, I know,” she continues. “It is possible to be too protected. Fathers and uncles and brothers sometimes make it their career to watch out for you, and that's not always welcome.” You both laugh. “And sports can be difficult if one is all covered up. But we're working on it.”
Aminah has finished her duty and is replaced by a man standing nearby.
“What about arranged marriages, especially of very young women?” you ask her. “And what about women being kept from education in some Muslim countries?” You ask these things just for the sake of argument, as you both begin to walk toward the exit.
“Things like that are cultural,” she says. “There are many old traditions that are not a part of true Islam, and they can be changed. A whole new kind of modern Islam is developing, especially here in Malaysia, and the roles of women are widening. You know the saying, ‘Do not judge a book by its cover.’ What you see of women like me may look traditional, but it's a disguise. Inside, we're modern. Come back again in ten years and you will see it even more clearly.”
Together you go down the steps in front of the mo ...
MuhammadRepresentation of Muhammad, in a manuscriptfrom .docx
Muhammad
Representation of Muhammad, in a manuscript
from the 14th century.
Born Muḥammad ibn `Abd Allāh
c. 570 CE
Mecca, Makkah, Arabia
Died 8 June 632 CE (aged 61 or 62)
Medina, Hejaz, Arabia
Cause of
death
fever
Other names Abu Qasim (Nick Name)
rasul
the prophet
Years active 609 – 632 CE
Notable work sunnah
Successor As leader of the ummah: Abu
bakr (according to Sunnis)
As Imam: Ali (according to
Shias)
Redeemer of Islam: Mahdi
Part of a series on
Muhammad
Muhammad
Muhammad (Arabic: محمد; CE 570 – 8 June 632 CE)[1] was an
Arabian religious and political leader. Muslims and Baha'is believe he
was a messenger and a prophet of Allah (God). He is believed to be a
descendant of Ishmael, a son of Abraham, and a seal to all prophets. He
is seen as an example for all Muslims to follow.
1 History
1.1 Childhood
1.2 Beginning of the Prophethood
2 The Hijra
3 His stay in Medina
4 The wars
5 The truce with Mecca
6 The capture of Mecca
7 His death
8 Relations
9 Images of Muhammad
10 His Wives
10.1 Khadijah bint Khuwaylid
10.2 Sawda bint Zamʿa
10.3 Aisha
10.4 Hafsa bint Umar
10.5 Zaynab bint Khuzayma
10.6 Umm Salama
10.7 Zaynab bint Jahsh
10.8 Juwayriyya bint al-Harith
10.9 Ramla bint Abi Sufyan
10.10 Safiyya bint Huyayy
10.11 Maymunah bint al-Harith
10.12 Maria al-Qibtiyya
11 References
12 More reading
13 Other websites
Contents
History
Childhood
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Muslim_depiction_of_Muhammad_-_17th_century_Ottoman_copy_from_the_%22Edinburgh_codex%22.jpg
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscript
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecca
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makkah_Province
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hejaz
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fever
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunnah
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_bakr
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shia
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahdi
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_language
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslims
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baha%27i
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophet
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allah
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/God
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishmael
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham
Life in Mecca · Migration to Medina ·
Life in Medina · Conquest of Mecca ·
The Farewell Pilgrimage
Hadith · Early Reforms Under Islam ·
Diplomacy · Military ·
Persecution by Meccans ·
Migration to Abyssinia
Quran · Attributed miracles (Isra and Mi'raj ·
Splitting of the Moon)
Jews · Christians · Slavery
Farewell sermon · Hadith (Pen and Paper) ·
Saqifah · Ahl al-Bayt · Compa ...
Islam Muhammad Discovery Project
The document summarizes the origins and early history of Islam. It began in 622 AD in Mecca, Arabia, with the teachings of the prophet Muhammad. Muhammad received revelations from God through the archangel Gabriel, and taught monotheism, rejecting the idol worship that was common in Mecca at the time. Due to opposition from Meccan merchants, Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar. From there, Muhammad continued to teach and also became a political leader. After his death in 632 AD, the message of Islam spread rapidly beyond Arabia under the early Islamic caliphates.
Islam Muhammad Discovery Project
The document summarizes the origins and early history of Islam. It began in 622 AD in Mecca, Arabia, with the teachings of the prophet Muhammad. Muhammad received revelations from God through the archangel Gabriel, and taught monotheism, rejecting the polytheism and idol worship of Meccan merchants. In 622 AD, Muhammad fled persecution in Mecca by migrating to Medina, marking the start of the Islamic calendar. In Medina, Muhammad's influence grew and he eventually conquered Mecca, destroying its idols. After establishing Islam across Arabia, Muhammad died in 632 AD, and Abu Bakr became the first caliph, or successor, continuing the spread of the Islamic message.
The History of Islam
The document summarizes the origins and key aspects of Islam. It began in the 7th century in Mecca under the prophet Muhammad. The Quran contains revelations Muhammad received from God. Islam spread rapidly during the Golden Age from 750-1258 AD and is now the second largest religion. The two main denominations are Sunni, comprising 80% of Muslims, and Shia, who believe in religious leadership of Imams.
Islam made simple by ruqaiyyah waris maqsood
Muhammad, born in 570 CE in Mecca, received revelations from God over 22 years that were collected as the Quran. As the founder of Islam, he taught the worship of one God and established the first Islamic state in Medina. After his death, a dispute over leadership led to the split between Sunni and Shia Islam. The document provides biographical and historical details about Muhammad's life and the early days of Islam.
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CHAPTER 10ISLAMFIRST ENCOUNTERYou are in Malaysia, on your w
CHAPTER 10ISLAMFIRST ENCOUNTERYou are in Malaysia, on your w
CHAPTER 10ISLAMFIRST ENCOUNTERYou are in Malaysia, on your w.docx
CHAPTER 10ISLAMFIRST ENCOUNTERYou are in Malaysia, on your w.docx
MuhammadRepresentation of Muhammad, in a manuscriptfrom .docx
MuhammadRepresentation of Muhammad, in a manuscriptfrom .docx
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Muhammad
- 1. Muhammad Biography (c. 570–632) Who Was Muhammad? Muhammad was the last prophet of Islam. Most of his early life was spent as a merchant. At age 40, he began to have revelations from Allah that became the basis for the Holy Quran and the foundation of Islam. By 630 he had unified most of Arabia under a single religion. As of 2015, there are over 1.8 billion Muslims in the world who profess, “There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet.” The Life of Muhammad Muhammad was born around 570, AD in Mecca (now in Saudi Arabia). His father died before he was born and he was raised first by his grandfather and then his uncle. He belonged to a poor but respectable family of the Quraysh tribe. The family was active in Meccan politics and trade. Many of the tribes living in the Arabian Peninsula at the time were nomadic, trading goods as they crisscrossed the desert. Most tribes were polytheistic, worshipping their own set of gods. The town of Mecca was an important trading and religious center, home to many temples and worship sites where the devoted prayed to the idols of these gods. The most famous site was the Kaaba (meaning cube in Arabic). It is believed to have been built by Abraham (Ibrahim to Muslims) and his son Ismail. Gradually the people of Mecca turned to polytheism and idolatry. Of all the gods worshipped, it is believed that Allah was considered the greatest and the only one without an idol. In his early teens, Muhammad worked in a camel caravan, following in the footsteps of many people his age, born of meager wealth. Working for his uncle, he gained experience in commercial trade traveling to Syria and eventually from the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean. In time, Muhammad earned a reputation as honest and sincere, acquiring the nickname “al-Amin” meaning faithful or trustworthy.
- 2. In his early 20s, Muhammad began working for a wealthy merchant woman named Khadijah, 15 years his senior. She soon became attracted to this young, accomplished man and proposed marriage. He accepted and over the years the happy union brought several children. Not all lived to adulthood, but one, Fatima, would marry Muhammad’s cousin, Ali ibn Abi Talib, whom Shi’ite Muslims regard as Muhammad’s successor. The Prophet Muhammad Muhammad was also very religious, occasionally taking journeys of devotion to sacred sites near Mecca. On one of his pilgrimages in 610, he was meditating in a cave on Mount Jabal aI-Nour. The Angel Gabriel appeared and relayed the word of God: “Recite in the name of your Lord who creates, creates man from a clot! Recite for your lord is most generous….” These words became the opening verses of surah (chapter) 96 of the Qur'an. Most Islamic historians believe Muhammad was initially disturbed by the revelations and that he didn’t reveal them publicly for several years. However, Shi’a tradition states he welcomed the message from the Angel Gabriel and was deeply inspired to share his experience with other potential believers. Islamic tradition holds that the first persons to believe were his wife, Khadija and his close friend Abu Bakr (regarded as the successor to Muhammad by Sunni Muslims). Soon, Muhammad began to gather a small following, initially encountering no opposition. Most people in Mecca either ignored him or mocked him as just another prophet. However, when his message condemned idol worship and polytheism, many of Mecca’s tribal leaders began to see Muhammad and his message as a threat. Besides going against long standing beliefs, the condemnation of idol worship had economic consequences for merchants who catered to the thousands of pilgrims who came to Mecca every year. This was especially true for members of Muhammad’s own tribe, the Quraysh, who were the guardians of the Kaaba. Sensing a threat, Mecca’s merchants and leaders offered Muhammad incentives to abandon his preaching, but he refused. Increasingly, the resistance to Muhammed and his followers grew and they were eventually forced to emigrate from Mecca to Medina, a city 260 miles to the north in 622. This event marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar. There Muhammad was instrumental in bringing an end to a civil war raging amongst several of the city’s tribes. Muhammad settled in Medina, building his Muslim community and gradually gathering acceptance and more followers.
- 3. Between 624 and 628, the Muslims were involved in a series of battles for their survival. In the final major confrontation, The Battle of the Trench and Siege of Medina, Muhammad and his followers prevailed and a treaty was signed. The treaty was broken by the Meccan allies a year later. By now, Muhammad had plenty of forces and the balance of power had shifted away from the Meccan leaders to him. In 630, the Muslim army marched into Mecca, taking the city with minimum casualties. Muhammad gave amnesty to many of the Meccan leaders who had opposed him and pardoned many others. Most of the Meccan population converted to Islam. Muhammad and his followers then proceeded to destroy all of the statues of pagan gods in and around the Kaaba. The Death of Muhammad After the conflict with Mecca was finally settled, Muhammad took his first true Islamic pilgrimage to that city and in March, 632, he delivered his last sermon at Mount Arafat. Upon his return to Medina to his wife’s home, he fell ill for several days. He died on June 8, 632, at the age of 62, and was buried at al- Masjid an-Nabawi (the Mosque of the Prophet) one of the first mosques built by Muhammad in Medina.