The document discusses key aspects of modernity that emerged in the 20th century, including rationality/logic, optimism/progress, and individualism. It outlines how the Scientific Revolution led to an emphasis on empirical evidence and reason over faith. The Enlightenment era was defined by optimism about social and technological change for the betterment of society. Classical liberalism promoted individual rights and freedoms with the belief that this unleashes human potential and benefits all. Industrialization dramatically transformed societies and economies but also led to new social problems.

1. Moving towards Modernity 20 th Century World History B. Bergey, 2008

11. Industrialization