Motivation behind software piracy and its usage. Mostly the users of the low developed countries are practising software piracy for survival. This presentation reveals the reasons of it.
Presentation for the Seminar on Contemporary Issues of Communication and Culture, Escola de Sociologia e Políticas Públicas, Lisbon University Institute, Lisbon, Portugal, 29 April 2021.
This was a powerpoint presentation I had done earlier when I was in 5th grade. Hope you enjoy my powerpoint and I would appreciate if you leave a like below. Enjoy !!!!!!!!
This was prepared for my presentation on April 29, 2009, before Dr. Leonard Kleinrock spoke via webcast to my students USC Upstate [in Spartanburg, SC.] I was unable to share it, but I wanted to share my research and enthusiasm I have for one of the greatest technologies - the Internet.
Linking online and offline: digital media and political processes in IndonesiaFoME_Symposium
"Linking online and offline: digital media and political processes in Indonesia" - Presentation by Yanuar Nugroho at FoME 2012 Symposium in Berlin. http://forum-medien-entwicklung.de
(c) Yanuar Nugroho, 2012
CC 2.0 BY NC (de)
Web 20 (Social Media) Policies in Higher EducationAnne Arendt
This paper summarizes the social media and Web 2.0 field in regard to policies from the perspective of a Web resource director. The paper is 50 pages and was created specifically for the Best Practices in Policy Management Conference sponsored by the UVU Policy Office on November 6, 2009.
View the 'official' report at http://works.bepress.com/anne_arendt/7/
Presentation for the Seminar on Contemporary Issues of Communication and Culture, Escola de Sociologia e Políticas Públicas, Lisbon University Institute, Lisbon, Portugal, 29 April 2021.
This was a powerpoint presentation I had done earlier when I was in 5th grade. Hope you enjoy my powerpoint and I would appreciate if you leave a like below. Enjoy !!!!!!!!
This was prepared for my presentation on April 29, 2009, before Dr. Leonard Kleinrock spoke via webcast to my students USC Upstate [in Spartanburg, SC.] I was unable to share it, but I wanted to share my research and enthusiasm I have for one of the greatest technologies - the Internet.
Linking online and offline: digital media and political processes in IndonesiaFoME_Symposium
"Linking online and offline: digital media and political processes in Indonesia" - Presentation by Yanuar Nugroho at FoME 2012 Symposium in Berlin. http://forum-medien-entwicklung.de
(c) Yanuar Nugroho, 2012
CC 2.0 BY NC (de)
Web 20 (Social Media) Policies in Higher EducationAnne Arendt
This paper summarizes the social media and Web 2.0 field in regard to policies from the perspective of a Web resource director. The paper is 50 pages and was created specifically for the Best Practices in Policy Management Conference sponsored by the UVU Policy Office on November 6, 2009.
View the 'official' report at http://works.bepress.com/anne_arendt/7/
Cyber Ethics An Introduction by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Jan...ijtsrd
Cyber ethics is the study of the ethics relating to computers, as well as to user behavior and what computers are programmed to do, and how it affects individuals and society. It is the branch of philosophy that deals with what is considered to be right or wrong. Since the advent of computers, various governments have enacted regulations and while organizations have defined policies about cyberethics. Cyberethics also known as “internet ethics,” is a branch of applied ethics that examines the moral, legal, and social issues i.e. ethical questions brought about by the emergence of digital technologies and global virtual environments. Arising with the introduction of the internet are, filtering, accuracy, security, censorship, conflicts over privacy, property, accessibility, and others. This paper is to elucidate more on cyberethics and its impacts on users and the society Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Cyber Ethics: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63513.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-security/63513/cyber-ethics-an-introduction/paul-a-adekunte
In this session, we talk about the mobile and social web, and how it shapes economy, individual behavior and well-being, political events, and society as a whole.
History of computer ethics
What is computer ethics
Computer ethics topics
Computers in the Workplace
Computer Crime
Privacy and Anonymity
Intellectual Property
Professional Responsibility
Globalization
Evolution of computer ethics
Metaethics of computer ethics
We now use more information in our day-to-day life than before. The volume of information available through radio, television, internet, books, newspapers, and magazines has enlarged manifold, both in developed and developing countries. Increased flows of information between parties, individuals as well as organizations, have made interactions information-intensive. The unprecedented advances in information and communication technologies (ICT) have transformed societies in both developed and developing countries in ways that were unimaginable not so long ago. The way we conduct our personal lives, the way we build and maintain interpersonal relationships, and the way we engage in production and distribution activities have undergone changes that have long-run implications for the society in general and for the economy in particular.
The World Ethical Data Forum Brochure to join us in London July 1–3, 2020 This leading event for impartial and balanced exploration of urgent ethical and practical questions around the use and future of data.
Writing Tools and Software, Referencing Tools and Reference Management Software, Research Tools and Software, Grammar Checkers and Sentence Correction Tools.
Predatory Publications and Software Tools for IdentificationSaptarshi Ghosh
Journals that publish work without proper peer review and which charge scholars sometimes huge fees to submit should not be allowed to share space with legitimate journals and publishers, whether open access or not. These journals and publishers cheapen intellectual work by misleading scholars, preying particularly early career researchers trying to gain an edge. The credibility of scholars duped into publishing in these journals can be seriously damaged by doing so. It is important that as a scholarly community we help to protect each other from being taken advantage of in this way.
Selective Reporting and Misrepresentation of DataSaptarshi Ghosh
Research integrity means conducting research according to the highest professional and ethical standards, so that the results are trustworthy.
It concerns the behavior of researchers at all stages of the research life-cycle, including declaring competing interests; data collection and data management; using appropriate methodology; drawing conclusions from results; and writing up research findings.
Finding the Right Journal at the Right Time for the Right WorkSaptarshi Ghosh
JournalFinder helps you find journals that could be best suited for publishing your scientific article. Please also consult the journal’s Aims and Scope for further guidance. Ultimately, the Editor will decide on how well your article matches the journal.
Impact Factor Journals as per JCR, SNIP, SJR, IPP, CiteScoreSaptarshi Ghosh
Journal-level metrics
Metrics have become a fact of life in many - if not all - fields of research and scholarship. In an age of information abundance (often termed ‘information overload’), having a shorthand for the signals for where in the ocean of published literature to focus our limited attention has become increasingly important.
Research metrics are sometimes controversial, especially when in popular usage they become proxies for multidimensional concepts such as research quality or impact. Each metric may offer a different emphasis based on its underlying data source, method of calculation, or context of use. For this reason, Elsevier promotes the responsible use of research metrics encapsulated in two “golden rules”. Those are: always use both qualitative and quantitative input for decisions (i.e. expert opinion alongside metrics), and always use more than one research metric as the quantitative input. This second rule acknowledges that performance cannot be expressed by any single metric, as well as the fact that all metrics have specific strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, using multiple complementary metrics can help to provide a more complete picture and reflect different aspects of research productivity and impact in the final assessment. ( Elsevier)
The phrase new normal is an oxymoron typically used to indicate a life event that is out of the ordinary and has a long-lasting or permanent impact on someone’s day-to-day routine.
But using the phrase to describe efforts that makes me uncomfortable to fight a global pandemic implies a sense of permanence.
In her foreword to John Putzier, Weirdos in the Workplace: The New Normal—Thriving in the Age of the Individual (2004), Libby Sartain claims that the phrase “the new normal” is a recent coinage
Great wits are sure to madness near allied
And thin partitions do their bounds divide.
(John Dryden, 1681)
There is no great genius without a tincture of madness. (Seneca, 1st Century A.D.)
ALTMETRICS : A HASTY PEEP INTO NEW SCHOLARLY MEASUREMENTSaptarshi Ghosh
The term ‘Altmetrics’ was proposed by Jason Priem, a PhD student at the School of Information and Library Science at University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill through a tweet. [https://twitter.com/asnpriem/status/25844968813].
Altmetrics is the combination of two words such as: ‘Alternative’ and ‘Metrics’ in which the ‘alt-‘part refers to alternative types of metrics (that is alternative to traditional metrics such as citation analysis, impact factor, downloads & usage data etc.).
Altmetrics is the creation and study of new metrics based on the Social Web for analyzing, and informing scholarship (http://altmetrics.org/about/). It is the study of new indicators for the analysis of academic activity based on Web 2.0.
Paradoxical betweenness in Academic endeavors and research metricsSaptarshi Ghosh
Publish or perish" is an aphorism describing the pressure to publish academic work in order to succeed in an academic career. ... The pressure to publish has been cited as a cause of poor work being submitted to academic journals.
Management of Change is being relevant with the time and space. This presentation elaborates existence of information professionals beyond their territories as survival of the fittest lies only on more information diffusion and information dissemination for the collective wisdom of the stakeholders in a society
Will the Digital library sustain as a Social Capital for dissemination of Inf...Saptarshi Ghosh
Abstract
This paper deals with the relationship between digital library and social development. The core of digital library which rests with strong social bonding and participatory approach, has been reflected in this write-up. Today, global prosperity and individual productivity depend upon the ability to learn constantly, adapt to change readily, and to evaluate information critically. Right now in this information rich world, we must remain ways to transform information into knowledge. So, how can we ensure that our communities can access the resources and services that we have available? How can we ensure that we are responsive to, and representative of, our communities' actual, as opposed to perceived, needs? We will look at various ways that library services can partner with their communities to bring about better outcomes for all. The digital library can bridge these gaps and it may be turned as a people’s access to the information repository and can be a motivator to sustainable development.
Information System Design in Context of Social InformaticsSaptarshi Ghosh
Informatics is a branch of information engineering. It involves the practice of information processing and the engineering of information systems, and as an academic field it is an applied form of information science.
The field considers the interaction between humans and information alongside the construction of interfaces, organisations, technologies and systems.
“Organization Behaviour is concerned with the study of what people do in an organization and how that behaviour affects the performance of the organization.” (Robbins: 1989)
Library Intelligence The collection, analysis, and synthesis of data. Time devoted to reflection and development of insight Willingness and ability to change. Library Intelligence makes it easier for library staff to focus on improving their digital literacy fluency.
Information Ecology: Legacy Practices with changing dynamicsSaptarshi Ghosh
“The study of the inter-relationships between people, enterprises, technologies and the information environment” -The International Encyclopedia of Information and Library Science
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2. Computer Ethics
• Computer Ethics is a study of ethical issues that are related mainly
with computing machines and computing profession. The features of
internet that, it is global and interactive, it allows users to stay
anonymous, and it enables reproducibility of information possible
unlike before makes the online behavior morally different. Computer
ethics studies the nature and social influence of computing machines
and ethical issues in formulating and justification of policies.
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3. Software Piracy
• Software Piracy, which is the unauthorized use or copying of software
illegally, has become a major problem for businesses and it is
widespread in many parts of the world which led to drain of economy.
As the access to use computer grows, the percentage for using
pirated software also grows. The Business Software Alliance (BSA) and
the Software Publishers Association (SPA) made estimation (2010)
that there are two-ten illegal copies of software are available for
every legal copy of software sold.
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4. Ethical Issues
• According to Kizza, the role of ethics is to help societies distinguish
between right and wrong and to give each society a basis for
justifying the judgment of human actions. Thus the purpose of ethics
is to analyze the morality of human behaviors, policies, laws
and social structures. (Kizza, 2013)
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5. What constitutes Computer Ethics?
• Computer ethics is a field of applied ethics that addresses ethical
issues in the use, design, and management of information technology
and in the formulation of ethical policies for its regulation in the
society. (Brey & Søraker, 2009) Computer ethics analyzes the moral
responsibilities of computer professionals and computer users and
ethical issues in public policy for information technology development
and use. (Brey, 2007)
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6. Utilitarianism and Software Piracy
• Assessing software piracy from a utilitarian perspective gives very interesting and conflicting
ideas. As the focus here is on the results of the action than the action itself, arguments can be
made that an individual act of piracy is not unethical.
• In other words, it is possible to conclude that piracy results in the greatest good for the greatest
number, because many users get the benefit of the software at little or no cost, while only those
directly involved in producing it suffer any harm. The argument is strengthened when the cost of
the software in low-income countries is considered.
• As people could not afford the software at its regular price, the benefit seems especially great,
while the producers having more access to resources do not suffer a corresponding harm.
• Many people also cite the fact that much of software is overpriced, which probably makes it ok
to illegally copy it when users can.
• However, at the same time utilitarianism also suggests different conclusion. If the consideration is
extended to who benefits and who is harmed, the results are different. In this case, the question
to be asked is what good a person would derive by using something that belongs to someone else
without paying for it.
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7. Social Contract Theories
• Philosophers such as Rousseau, Locke, Hobbes, and more recently Rawls
are generally considered to be social contract theorists.
• Individuals are rational free agents and hence it is immoral to exert undue
power over them. At the same time government and society treat
individuals as means to social good, and hence are problematic
institutions.
• Social contract theories explain this problem by claiming that morality is
the outcome of rational agents agreeing to social rules, hence the name
social contract.
• Individuals essentially freely agree to follow rules set by the government
and the society, meaning that they are not coerced but freely choose to
participate in the activity. Shared morality is what rational individuals agree
as a group in order to make a social contract. (Johnson & Miller, 2004).
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8. THEORIES OF COMPUTER ETHICS
Weiner’s theoretical underpinning on computer ethics:
• MIT Professor Norbert Wiener argued:
All the process and objects in the universe comprise of matter/energy and
information (Bynum, 2010)
•
All animals are information-processing beings whose behavior depends of
their processing and reasoning capabilities (Bynum, 2010)
•
Humans, unlike other animals, have bodies that make the information
processing in their central nervous system especially sophisticated.
(Bynum, 2010)
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9. Prescriptions by Weiner
• Each human being in the society must be liberated enough to have
the freedom to explore his full extent of abilities, also known as the
principle of freedom (Bynum, 2010)
• The social policies should be equal to everyone living within the
community, also known as the principle of equality (Bynum, 2010)
• The actual goodwill existing between people of the society has no
limits short of those of humanity itself, also known as the principle of
benevolence (Bynum, 2010)
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10. Luciano Floridi’s information ethics
• Information ethics was defined by Luciano Floridi and his colleagues including Jeff
Sanders, who took a radical perspective on computer ethics, taking in account the
nature of computing a well as the presence of human and software agents in
digital environments.
1. The null law which states that entropy should not be cause in the infosphere at
all.
2. Entropy should be prevented from occurring or increasing in the infosphere.
3. Entropy should be removed from the infosphere, if possible
4. The growth and development of all informational objects in the infosphere
should be done in a way that preserves, cultivates and enriches their properties.
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11. Temptations offered by computerization
• Speed
• Privacy and anonymity
• Nature of medium
• Aesthetic attraction
• Increased availability of potential victims
• International scope
• The power to destroy
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12. FACTORS INFLUENCING SOFTWARE PIRACY
• Public Awareness
• High software prices
• Risk of Penalty
• Opportunity
• Equity Theory
• Demographic Variables
• Previous Behaviour
• Moral and social factors
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13. Religion and Computing
• Religion — «Kopimism» — Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V - Missionary Church of
Kopimism
• Kopimism is a religious group centered in Sweden who believe that
copying and the sharing of information is the best and most
beautiful that is. To have your information copied is a token of
appreciation, that someone think you have done something good.
• Isak Gerson: "I'm not the Kopimist Jesus“:
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14. Religion and Computing
• This line of faith is called Kopimism (which originates from the Swedish
pirate term "kopimi," a play on the words “copy me”) and worships the
holy act of copying and spreading information.
• They do not only consider it to be the meaning of life–growing by copying
and spreading knowledge and information–but also its origin, since life
began with the DNA molecule's ability to duplicate itself.
• Kopimism’s religious symbols are CTRL+C and CTRL+V. Their gospel is
spreading fast. Having been around for merely a year, the religion already
counts 4,000 members, and its Swedish mother site has already been
copied everywhere from Russia and Canada, to France and Romania. The
crusade has begun and it looks like Sweden can now enjoy the possibility of
jumping from being one of the least to being one of the most religious
countries in the world.
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15. Missionary church of Kopimism
http://kopimistsamfundet.se/english/
• A religion is a belief system with rituals. The missionary
kopimistsamfundet is a religious group centered in Sweden who
believe that copying and the sharing of information is the best and
most beautiful that is. To have your information copied is a token of
appreciation, that someone think you have done something good.
• * All knowledge to all
• * The search for knowledge is sacred
• * The circulation of knowledge is sacred
• * The act of copying is sacred.
We challenge all copyright believers – most
of which have a great deal of influence in
politics, and who derive their power by
limiting people’s lives and freedom. What
they most of all want to limit the
knowledge. We need to steel ourselves for
their hatred and aggression.
– Copy. download, uplooad!
– All knowlegde to all!
– Information technology is not to be
feathered by laws.
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17. References
• Adams, A. A., & McCrindle, R. (2008). Pandora's Box: Social and Professional Issues of the
Information Age. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
Arslan, E. (2006). The Repercussions of Software Piracy: Damages, Approaches of Control, and
Benefits from Reducing Piracy Rates. University of Sunderland. GRIN Verlag.
Baldwin, T. (1999). G.E. Moore: The Arguments of the Philosophers. New York: Routledge.
Brey, P., & Søraker, J. H. (2009). Philosophy of Computing and Information Technology. In D.
M. Gabbay, A. Meijers, & J. Woods, Philosophy of Technology and Engineering
Sciences, Volume 9 (pp. 1341-1408). Oxford: Elsevier.
Briggle, A., & Mitcham, C. (2012). Ethics and Science: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Brooks, L. J., & Dunn, P. (2011). Business & Professional Ethics, 6th edition. Cengage Learning.
Business Software Alliance. (2010). Global Software Piracy 2010. Retrieved from Business
Software Alliance Web site: http://globalstudy.bsa.org/2010/
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