This document provides information on tuberose, including its scientific name, family, origin, and economic importance. It discusses common cultivars and varieties, morphological characters, breeding methods, production technology covering climate, soil, propagation, planting spacing/methods, irrigation, manures/fertilizers, pest and disease management, and harvesting of flowers and bulbs. The key information presented includes tuberose's native origin in Mexico, its use as an ornamental cut flower and in essential oil industries, and common varieties ranging from single to double flowering types.
Tuberose - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management – special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
BATHUA (CHENOPODIUM ALBUM L) PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING FOR PARAMPARIC VALUE A...jaisingh277
This presentation deals with the production, post harvest management and value added products from Bathua (CHENOPODIUM ALBUM L) winter weed crop. ICAR Institutes developed improved varieties . Rural youth can get employment and income generation resources from this low input crop.
Marigold - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management –special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
Gomphrena and Ixora - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management – role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
Cultivation of marigold. production technology of marigold .Arvind Yadav
Genomic classification of marigold.African marigold(Tagetes erecta).CN- 2n=24.Family-Composity/Asteraceae. Origin ---Maxico and South america.
French marigold(Tagetes patula).CN-2n=48
.Family-composity/Asteraceae
.Origin-Maxico and South america
There are about 33 species of the genus tagetes. Some of important are fallows1-Tagetes erecta(African marigold)2-Tagetes ptula(French marigold ). Other important species1-Tagetes tenuifolia-(Bushy type, Less than 30cm)2-Tagetes lacera-(Grow upto 120-150cm in height)3-tagetes lemmonii(Glow upto 60-70cm height besrs small slowers)There are about 33 species of the genus tagetes. Some of important are fallows1-Tagetes erecta(African marigold)2-Tagetes ptula(French marigold ). Other important species1-Tagetes tenuifolia-(Bushy type, Less than 30cm)2-Tagetes lacera-(Grow upto 120-150cm in height)3-tagetes lemmonii(Glow upto 60-70cm height besrs small slowers)
Tuberose - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management – special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
BATHUA (CHENOPODIUM ALBUM L) PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING FOR PARAMPARIC VALUE A...jaisingh277
This presentation deals with the production, post harvest management and value added products from Bathua (CHENOPODIUM ALBUM L) winter weed crop. ICAR Institutes developed improved varieties . Rural youth can get employment and income generation resources from this low input crop.
Marigold - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management –special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
Gomphrena and Ixora - introduction and uses – varieties - soil and climate and planting systems - weed, nutrition and irrigation management – role of growth regulators- harvest index and yield
Cultivation of marigold. production technology of marigold .Arvind Yadav
Genomic classification of marigold.African marigold(Tagetes erecta).CN- 2n=24.Family-Composity/Asteraceae. Origin ---Maxico and South america.
French marigold(Tagetes patula).CN-2n=48
.Family-composity/Asteraceae
.Origin-Maxico and South america
There are about 33 species of the genus tagetes. Some of important are fallows1-Tagetes erecta(African marigold)2-Tagetes ptula(French marigold ). Other important species1-Tagetes tenuifolia-(Bushy type, Less than 30cm)2-Tagetes lacera-(Grow upto 120-150cm in height)3-tagetes lemmonii(Glow upto 60-70cm height besrs small slowers)There are about 33 species of the genus tagetes. Some of important are fallows1-Tagetes erecta(African marigold)2-Tagetes ptula(French marigold ). Other important species1-Tagetes tenuifolia-(Bushy type, Less than 30cm)2-Tagetes lacera-(Grow upto 120-150cm in height)3-tagetes lemmonii(Glow upto 60-70cm height besrs small slowers)
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Gerbera - introduction and uses – varieties – media and environment- Fumigation - filed preparation - planting systems – nutrition and fertigation - weed management – training and pruning – special horticultural practices - role of growth regulators- physiological disorders and its control measures- harvest index and yield
Barleria and celosia are the traditional under utilized flower crop therefore their information not most available in the books and other sources so we makes some effort for preparing presentation
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Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
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Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
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Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Morphological characters, breeding method and production technology of tuberose
1. Presentation on
fla-501
TOPIC: Morphological Characters, Breeding Method
and, Production Technological of Tuberose
Presented to: Presented by:
Dr. M.C. Talukdar Tara Bhuyan
Professor and HoD 14- AMJ-91
Deptt. of Horticulture M.Sc. (Agri.)
1st year 2nd sem
Faculty of Agriculture
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-13
2. INTRODUCTION :
Scientific name : Polyathes tuberosa
Family : Amaryllidaceae
It is native to Mexico and then it spread to different parts of the world
Tuberose occupies a very selective and special position among the
ornamental bulbous plant for its beauty , elegance and sweet pleasant
fragrance.
It has a great economic potential for cut flowers trade and essential oil
industry.
Due to their great demand, it is currently cultivated in most of the
tropical and sub-tropical countries of the world.
India has a long tradition of floriculture.
3. CULTIVARS and varieties:
There are three types of tuberose :-
i. Single with one row of corolla segments- varieties are
Calcutta Single, Shringar, Prajwal, Mexican single, Rajat
Rekha(NBRI, Lucknow)
ii. Semi-double bearing flower with 2-3 rows of corolla
segment,
iii.Double having more than three rows of corolla
segment- varieties are Calcutta Double, Suvasini.
Vyabhav , Swarna Rekha(NBRI, Lucknow)
5. MORPHOLGICAL CHARACTERS
Plant : Half – hardy ,bulbous perennial.
Bulb : Made up of scales.
Roots : adventitious and shallow.
Leaves : Long, narrow,linear, grass – like, light green
and arise in rosette.
Flowers : Funnel shaped perianth and are fragnant,
waxy type, single or double borne in spikes.
Stamens are 6 in number, anthers dorsifixed in the
middle, ovary 3 locular, ovules numerous and fruits are
capsule.
6. BREEDING
Haploid chromosome number ,n = 30
Single cultivars are fertile , 2n=2x=60. Used in perfumery.
Double cultivars are also fertile, 2n=2x=50. Used as cut
flowers.
Methods of breeding:
Hybridization : 1st cross involving tuberose was reperted
in 1911, as Polyanthes geminiflora x P. tuberosa
Mutation breeding: 2 gamma rays induced varieties are
developed by NBRI, Lucknow.
They are- Single type- Rajat Rekha
Double type: Swarna Rekha.
7. Production technology
CLIMATE:
Tuberose grows in mild climate without extremes of high and low temperature
even though it can be grown under a wide range of climatic conditions .
In , India the commercial cultivation of tuberose is mainly confined in warm
humid area with average temperature range from 200 to 350°C
Very low temperature and frost also damage the plant and flowers.
Tuberose grows well in sunny situation.
8. SOIL:
Tuberose grows in a wide range of soils.
Loam and sandy loam soils having pH range from 6.5
to 7.5 with good aeration and drainage are
considered suitable for its cultivation .
The soil should be rich in organic matter and retain
sufficient moisture for proper growth .
FYM and leaf mould in proportion of 2:1:1 should be
used.
9. PROPAGATION :-
Propagated vegetatively by division of bulb.
To get virus free material or for a very rapid multiplication
, the propagation is done through tissue culture.
10. BULB SELECTION: Generally bulbs having diameter
2.0-3.0cm are suitable for planting.
SPACING: 25 x 25cm ( flat beds), 15 x 15cm ( HDP )
IRRIGATION:- done at 10- 15 days interval in dry
weathers.
During summer (april - june) – done at weekly
intervals.
WEED CONTROL:
Manual weeding is more effective if done frequently.
MANURES AND FERTILIZERS:
FYM – 10-15 tonnes / ha
N:P:K- 100: 50: 50kg/ha
11. PLANT PROTECTION
Botriyis Blight Leaf spot
Diseases Caused by Symptom Control
Stem rot Sclerotium rolfsii Dropping of leaves.
Leaves become yellow and
dry up.
Removal of infected
plant.
Spraying of carbendazin
or copper oxychloride @
0.1 %
Botrytis spots
and blight
Botrytis elliptica Infected flowers show
dark brown spots and
slowly complete
inflorescence dries.
Spraying of mancozeb
@ 0.2 %.
Leaf spot Fusarium equiseti Initially water soaked
spot develop which later
on turned into elliptical
or round brown spots.
Spraying of mancozeb
@ 0.2 % is effective.
Flower bud rot Erwinia sp Drying of buds . Application of
streptocycline @
500ppm is effective
12. Common pests
Pest Symptoms Control
Grasshopper Insects feeds on young leaves
and flower buds.
Spraying of
chloropyriphos @ 0.1 % is
effective
Aphids Feeds on flower bud and
growing points.
Spray malathion 0.08 %
at 10 days interval or
spray monocrotophos
0.06%.
Thrips Sucks the sap from leaves ,
flower stalk and flowers and
damage the whole plant.
Spray rogor or malathion
@ 0.08%.
Red spider mite Sucks the sap from leaves and
yellow streaks appear on the
leaves , which spread until it
become yellow and distorted.
Spraying kelthane 0.08%
13. HARVESTING
HARVESTING OF FLOWERS:
Tuberose is harvested by cutting the spikes from the base for table
decoration or the individual flower is picked from the spike for
making garlands and other floral ornaments.
Picking of flowers should be done in cool hours of the day either in
the morning or in the evening.
Harvesting of flowers on the previous evening and marketing in the
next morning leads to a weight loss of about 40 per cent.
The flowers spike for vases should be cut when the first pair of
flowers fully open, with a sharp knife and place immediately in
water.
14. HARVESTING OF BULBS :
Harvesting of tuberose bulbs at proper stage
of maturity is important for storage of bulbs
and their subsequent growth after planting.
The bulbs reach maturity when the flowering
is over and plant growth ceases, depending on
the environmental condition and soil moisture