This document discusses monsoon diseases and their prevention. It begins by outlining the objectives of understanding changes in the environment during the monsoon and how that impacts disease transmission. Specific diseases discussed include influenza, gastroenteritis, hepatitis A, dengue, malaria, and viral fevers. Prevention methods focus on drinking clean water, avoiding crowded areas, using mosquito nets and repellent, and improving personal hygiene. Maintaining a healthy immune system and lifestyle is key to preventing disease. The document advises seeing a doctor for serious or intolerable symptoms.

1. Monsoon Diseases & It’s
Prevention
Dr. Niraj Pandit, HOD &
Professor
Department of
Community Medicine
SBKS MI&RC, SVDU
PIPARIA
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

2. Objectives
of session
Understanding of changes of
environment
Human host adjustment –
acclimatization
Diseases to know and mode of
transmission
Prevention and control at
home level
When to go for treatment or
management
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

3. Understanding of change of
environment
• Change in temperature and humidity – Dry
heat to wet humid heat
• More growth and survival of germs – best
weather for germs
• More contamination – high chance of
contamination of resources
• Poor sanitary barrier -Transmission of all germs
through food, air, water, hands, flies,
mosquitoes, etc.
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

4. Water
Collections
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease
Prevention

5. Polluted
water
pools
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease
Prevention

6. Man-made water collections
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease
Prevention

7. Rresources
contamination
and
opportunity for
growth
• Humidity is key requirement for any
organism to grow
• Water contamination
• Surface which is contaminated mix with
drinking water
• Land pollution
• Mixing of sewage drainage with drinking
water
• Poor hygiene
• Repeated movement in rain leads to poor
hygiene – opportunity for germs
• Sudden drop of temperature
• Host poor immunity due to poor adjustment
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

8. Understanding concept of Agent – Host –
Environment Triad
Agent – Are those opportunistic who are ready to
contaminate human being
Host – WE – Ourselves – We need to take care of
ourself to fight for such opportunistic. How big
question. Are we doing?
Environment – Between agent and host, everything
is environment. How to make safe environment for
host?
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

9. Understanding Host
• It refers to the human who can
get the disease – Means WE
• Do you know who is healthy
host?
• Am I healthy host?
• Need to understand the criteria
of healthy host.
• A variety of factors intrinsic to
the host, sometimes called risk
factors, can influence an
individual’s exposure,
susceptibility, or response to a
causative agent.
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

10. Just 5 min test to know ourselves
•I request participants to join this small survey
and answer
•https://forms.gle/DmUH52xQQPeMnsVS9
•The link is available in Chat box please click
and participate
•This is healthy host search and awareness
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

11. Who is Healthy Host?
•Simple life like
Weight as per age and height
Optimum Sleep
Balance Diet
Adequate work as per required
Daily Exercise
Daily Yog
Not much stress (work or
family)
Balance life with positive
attitude
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

12. Agent of Monsoon Diseases
• Water born diseases – Gastroenteritis,
Hepatitis-A, Typhoid, Cholera, food poisoning
etc
• Vector born diseases – Malaria, Dengue,
Chikungunya, JE, Leptospirosis and many more
• Viral infections – Common cold, influenzas, viral
fever etc
• Fungal infections – Humid body parts
particularly the axilla and groin area have
fungal infection
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

13. Environment for Monsoon diseases
• It refers to extrinsic factors that
affect the agent’s survival and
the opportunity for exposure.
• Environmental factors include
physical factors such as geology
and climate, biologic factors
such as insects that transmit
the agent, and socioeconomic
factors such as crowding,
sanitation, and the availability
of health services.
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

14. Influenza (Cold and Flu)
• Most commonly occurring
health sickness,
• Highly contagious disease,
• Symptoms involve runny or
stuffy nose, body ache,
throat irritation and
soreness and fever,
• It’s always advisable to
consult a physician and get
the required medicines
prescribed for getting
cured from the infection.
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

15. Gastroenteritis
• Gastroenteritis and food poisoning are quite common
during the monsoon season, and the high humidity helps in
the growth of disease causing bacteria,
• The general symptoms of gastroenteritis are stomach
cramps, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. Fever can develop
and one may feel sense of malaise and weakness through
the course of the illness,
• It is very important that we keep ourself hydrated at all
times and bland diet is recommended such as rice, curds,
fruits such as banana, apple. Rice kanji water or coconut
water is also good line of treatment for hydration,
• ORS is generally recommended
• Course of treatment is mainly to prevent dehydration,
control fever. Antibiotics are prescribed after evaluation of
the condition of the patient. Anti-protozoal can also be
prescribed accordingly.
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

16. Hepatitis A
• It is a highly contagious liver infection,
• Waterborne viral infection generally caused by
contaminated drinking water or food with the
stool of someone with the virus, it can spread
through flies,
• Eating fruits, vegetables, or other foods that
were contaminated during handling can cause
spread of infection,
• Symptoms include, Jaundice (yellow eyes and
skin, dark urine), stomach pain, Loss of
appetite, Nausea, Fever, Diarrhea and Fatigue.
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

17. Dengue
• It is spread by what's known as the tiger
mosquito (Aedes Aegypti), which has black and
white stripes and typically bites early in the
morning or at dawn,
• Symptoms of dengue fever include severe joint
and muscle pain, swollen lymph nodes,
headache, fever, exhaustion, and rash,
• Complication of dengue fever is called Dengue
haemorrhagic fever (DHF). It is a specific
syndrome that tends to affect children under
10 years of age. This complication of dengue
causes abdominal pain, haemorrhage
(bleeding), and circulatory collapse (shock).
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

18. Malaria
• It is spread by bite of Female Anopheles mosquito,
• Most deaths are caused by P. falciparum and is the most
dangerous type of malaria also known as cerebral
malaria. Other forms of malaria are P. vivax, P. ovale, and
P. malariae,
• Characterized by fever, body ache, chills, and sweating. If
untreated, it can lead to complications like jaundice,
severe anemia or even liver and kidney failure,
• It is treated with anti-malarial medications successfully,
• Maximum cases of Malarial Fever are seen in monsoons,
• Symptoms range from mild to severe, like fever with
chills, headache, jaundice, severe exhaustion, and
fluctuating state of consciousness.
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

19. Viral Fever
• Any fever due to virus is termed as VIRAL,
• Sudden weather change often causes viral fever
characterized by fatigue, chills, body aches and fever,
• The illness is contagious and spreads through infection
droplets in the air or by coming into physical contact
with infected secretions,
• General duration of a viral fever lasts from 3 to 7 days,
with the severity of the fever being the highest in the
first three days,
• The general treatment includes using OTC drugs in
consultation with the doctor like antihistamines,
decongestants and antipyretic drugs are usually
recommended,
• Viral diseases are generally self-limiting and generally
do not need antibiotics unless there is a secondary
infection.
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

20. Prevention and Control of Monsoon Diseases
• Your action can Prevent you to get Monsoon Diseases
• One must drink only clean water and use boiled water or water purifiers.
• One should change their hand towels after a day's use.
• One should cover their mouth and nose with a handkerchief while coughing
or sneezing.
• Use mosquito repellents and nets (dengue transmitting mosquitoes usually
bite during day time; either early morning or late evening).
• Avoid eating out and consume as much fresh food as possible.
• Drink warm water every two hours and carry home-boiled water while
travelling.
• Avoid visiting crowded places such as theatres or exhibitions.
• Use hand sanitizers while travelling.
• Cover our nose while travelling on a bike/while seated next to the window in
a bus or train.
• Avoid getting wet in the rain.
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

21. How to
improve
Host
Immunity
• Is it possible to strengthen one’s Immunity?
• Yes
• Just look at the tool
• https://forms.gle/KCuwpP7dcyCA64JB9
• Click on tool and assess your immunity
• Do regular assessment of your immunity
and if you have less score improve with
change in life style to get best help
• Healthy life style is best answer
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

22. When to Visit Doctor?
• There are various home remedy
for few symptoms But not for all.
• You can try home remedy for a
day or mild symptoms
• Serious and intolerable
symptoms one needs to visit
doctor immediately without
delay
• Hope you have family physician –
Take help of family physician first
• No need to go consultant directly
• Your family physician is knowing
you best rather Consultant
doctor
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention

23. Thank You
• Enjoy Monsoon with Precautions
• If any query ask or write
drniraj74@yahoo.com
• Acknowledgement –
• Thank you to IOHA, Vadodara – Dr.
Milan Thakar and Team
• Dr. Sandipkumar Thakkar and Hero
MotCorp Ltd
• My Sumandeep Vidyapeeth
• Few material I took form internet
and citied them
• Dr. Bhaskar Jyoti who helped to
prepare PPT
Dr. Niraj Pandit-Monsoon Disease Prevention