Let's take a look at each type:
Commodity money - Money that has intrinsic value, like gold, silver, etc.
Representative money - Money that represents value of a commodity, like paper notes representing gold.
Fiat money - Money without intrinsic value established by government order, like modern paper currency.
Currency - Notes and coins issued and backed by central banks as legal tender.
Commercial bank money - Deposits created by commercial banks through lending, like checking accounts.
Vol. 1.1-4n4
This document is a module on the story of banking. It discusses the origins and history of banking. It begins by defining a bank as a financial institution that accepts deposits and uses them to lend money. It then discusses the origins of the word "bank" coming from Italian/German words or possibly Sanskrit words related to expense calculations. The module goes on to discuss the early history of banking with wealth being stored in temples, the role of goldsmiths in London becoming early bankers, and the development of banking in India.
The Indian money market consists of diverse sub-markets dealing in short-term credit, ranging from overnight to one year. It balances the demand and supply of short-term funds and serves as an equilibrium mechanism. The money market includes instruments like call money, treasury bills, repos, and money market mutual funds. It fulfills the borrowing and investment needs of short-term fund providers and users. The Reserve Bank of India has significant influence over the organized banking sector of the money market.
A brief introduction about financial markets and knowledge about SEBI, NSE, BSE, NIFTY, SENSEX, FPI, Hedging, Arbitrage and tools for Foreign Investment.
This document compares different stock broking firms. It provides an overview of the Indian stock market and exchanges. It then profiles Microsec Capital Ltd, describing the services it offers such as equity and derivatives trading, commodities trading, investment banking, insurance, depository services, portfolio management, mutual funds and mediclaim. The document also discusses demat accounts and their benefits. Finally, it mentions that the document will analyze activation charges and brokerage rates of different firms.
The appreciation of the Indian rupee is driven by strong foreign institutional investment inflows into the Indian stock market. However, the rupee's rally is dependent on continued global risk appetite and liquidity. Rising global risk aversion due to the European debt crisis has recently caused some foreign funds to pull out of Indian shares. Additionally, surging crude oil prices pose a threat by widening India's current account deficit. The sustainability of the rupee's gains depends on maintaining foreign capital inflows to fund the deficit.
Derivatives market attracts lot of people worldwide, and why not? It’s holds infinite potential. Learn everything about Derivatives with Findoc Prime. Want to learn more about trading? Register for Art of Options Trading seminar with Govind Jhawar on 15th-16th Feb 2020. For further details about the lifetime opportunity click the link: http://bit.ly/FDNewspaper
#sharemarket #mutualfunds #trading #stocks #FinDoc
The document provides an overview of the development of derivatives markets in India. It discusses how derivatives markets have existed in India for commodities since the late 1800s, but the markets were banned and informalized in the mid-1900s. Reforms in the 1990s and 2000s lifted bans and allowed the establishment of formal exchange-traded equity, foreign exchange, and interest rate derivatives markets. The National Stock Exchange now dominates trading in India, accounting for over 99% of volume. Regulations were also established to provide oversight while allowing derivatives to be used for hedging purposes.
This document discusses currency futures trading in India. It provides background on currency futures markets globally and how they were introduced in India in 2008. Currency futures allow investors to hedge foreign exchange risk in a transparent and efficient manner. Trading has grown substantially since introduction, with the National Stock Exchange seeing a 1200% increase in daily trading volumes from September 2008 to June 2009. Currency futures provide benefits to both retail and institutional investors in India.
This document is a module on the story of banking. It discusses the origins and history of banking. It begins by defining a bank as a financial institution that accepts deposits and uses them to lend money. It then discusses the origins of the word "bank" coming from Italian/German words or possibly Sanskrit words related to expense calculations. The module goes on to discuss the early history of banking with wealth being stored in temples, the role of goldsmiths in London becoming early bankers, and the development of banking in India.
The Indian money market consists of diverse sub-markets dealing in short-term credit, ranging from overnight to one year. It balances the demand and supply of short-term funds and serves as an equilibrium mechanism. The money market includes instruments like call money, treasury bills, repos, and money market mutual funds. It fulfills the borrowing and investment needs of short-term fund providers and users. The Reserve Bank of India has significant influence over the organized banking sector of the money market.
A brief introduction about financial markets and knowledge about SEBI, NSE, BSE, NIFTY, SENSEX, FPI, Hedging, Arbitrage and tools for Foreign Investment.
This document compares different stock broking firms. It provides an overview of the Indian stock market and exchanges. It then profiles Microsec Capital Ltd, describing the services it offers such as equity and derivatives trading, commodities trading, investment banking, insurance, depository services, portfolio management, mutual funds and mediclaim. The document also discusses demat accounts and their benefits. Finally, it mentions that the document will analyze activation charges and brokerage rates of different firms.
The appreciation of the Indian rupee is driven by strong foreign institutional investment inflows into the Indian stock market. However, the rupee's rally is dependent on continued global risk appetite and liquidity. Rising global risk aversion due to the European debt crisis has recently caused some foreign funds to pull out of Indian shares. Additionally, surging crude oil prices pose a threat by widening India's current account deficit. The sustainability of the rupee's gains depends on maintaining foreign capital inflows to fund the deficit.
Derivatives market attracts lot of people worldwide, and why not? It’s holds infinite potential. Learn everything about Derivatives with Findoc Prime. Want to learn more about trading? Register for Art of Options Trading seminar with Govind Jhawar on 15th-16th Feb 2020. For further details about the lifetime opportunity click the link: http://bit.ly/FDNewspaper
#sharemarket #mutualfunds #trading #stocks #FinDoc
The document provides an overview of the development of derivatives markets in India. It discusses how derivatives markets have existed in India for commodities since the late 1800s, but the markets were banned and informalized in the mid-1900s. Reforms in the 1990s and 2000s lifted bans and allowed the establishment of formal exchange-traded equity, foreign exchange, and interest rate derivatives markets. The National Stock Exchange now dominates trading in India, accounting for over 99% of volume. Regulations were also established to provide oversight while allowing derivatives to be used for hedging purposes.
This document discusses currency futures trading in India. It provides background on currency futures markets globally and how they were introduced in India in 2008. Currency futures allow investors to hedge foreign exchange risk in a transparent and efficient manner. Trading has grown substantially since introduction, with the National Stock Exchange seeing a 1200% increase in daily trading volumes from September 2008 to June 2009. Currency futures provide benefits to both retail and institutional investors in India.
The document provides an overview of the capital market in India, including its evolution and key reforms. It discusses the primary and secondary markets, leading stock exchanges, types of capital market instruments, and major reforms undertaken since the 1990s to improve regulation, increase electronic transactions, and expand the mutual fund industry and stock exchanges. Some of the major reforms highlighted include the establishment of SEBI, growing derivatives markets, and corporate governance reforms like the demutualization of stock exchanges.
The document discusses features of the Indian money market, including its objectives to provide short-term funding at reasonable costs, key instruments like treasury bills, commercial papers, repos, and bankers acceptances, as well as its structure involving organized sectors such as commercial banks and unorganized sectors like money lenders. It also covers characteristics of a developed money market and disadvantages like volatility and seasonal shortages of funds.
The capital market in India underwent major reforms in the 1990s which opened up the market and introduced new financial instruments and regulations. Key reforms included establishing the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) as the main regulatory body, setting up credit rating agencies, increasing merchant banking activities, and introducing new instruments like convertible preference shares and zero coupon bonds. Further reforms led to growth in the stock exchanges, electronic transactions, mutual funds, derivatives trading, and the insurance sector, expanding the capital market in India.
Financial derivatives have grown enormously over the past decade as a way to differentiate and allocate risk. Derivatives are financial contracts whose value is dependent on an underlying asset such as a stock, bond, commodity, currency, interest rate or index. There are several types of derivatives including forwards, futures, options, and swaps. Derivatives allow risk to be traded in financial markets and help companies and investors to hedge against risk.
This document is a 20-minute online module about investing from the website www.funancialquest.com. It covers topics like saving, saving vs investing, investment instruments, and basic investment terms. The module contains explanations and examples of different savings and investment options like stocks, mutual funds, bonds, insurance, and public provident funds. It also defines common financial terms used in investing. The document aims to educate users about basic personal finance concepts.
This project report summarizes a study on the currency futures market in India conducted by two MBA students, Milan Adodariya and Khima Goraniya, at Anagram Capital as part of their summer training. The report includes an introduction, literature review, research methodology, data collection and analysis sections. It also provides an overview of the foreign exchange market, history of currency futures in India, company and industry profiles, findings from surveys conducted, and conclusions.
The document provides an overview of the derivatives market in India. It discusses key concepts like forwards, futures, options, and swaps. It outlines the evolution of the derivatives market in India, from the first steps taken in 1995 to remove prohibitions on options trading, to the establishment of a regulatory framework by SEBI and the launch of index futures and options trading on exchanges like NSE and BSE in 2000. The needs served by derivatives markets are also summarized, such as risk transfer, price discovery, and increasing market volumes. Common participants like hedgers, speculators, arbitrageurs and spreaders are defined. Examples of popular derivatives products available on Indian exchanges are also provided.
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was established in 1988 as a non-statutory body and was given statutory powers in 1992 through the SEBI Act. SEBI regulates the securities markets in India and seeks to protect investors, ensure fair practices by issuers raising resources, and promote efficient services by market intermediaries. It is headquartered in Mumbai and has regional offices across India.
The document discusses a report submitted by Yogesh Moule on the fundamentals of derivatives with a focus on currency derivatives. It includes declarations signed by Yogesh and his mentor certifying the project's authenticity and that it fulfills requirements for Yogesh's PGDM program at Indus Business Academy. The report also provides information on Religare Securities Limited where Yogesh completed his summer internship project.
Harshad Mehta was a stockbroker in Mumbai who orchestrated one of India's biggest securities scams in the early 1990s. He exploited loopholes in India's banking system to conduct fraudulent transactions using instruments like ready forwards and fake bank receipts. This allowed him to inflate stock prices and extract hundreds of crores of rupees from banks. Mehta's activities were exposed in 1992, triggering a stock market crash and reforms to India's financial regulations and institutions like SEBI. Mehta was arrested and died in prison while facing charges related to the scam.
This document provides an overview of various topics related to banking awareness, including:
1. It lists the major financial sector regulators in India such as RBI, IRDA, SEBI, NABARD, and PFRDA and describes their roles.
2. It discusses the Basel norms (Basel I, II, and III) which provide guidelines for bank capital adequacy and risk management.
3. It defines key stock market indexes around the world such as Sensex in India and describes how they are used to measure the performance of economies and market segments.
The document serves as a guide covering important concepts for banking exams and interviews. It covers a wide range of topics in a structured manner
Money functions as a medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value. There are different forms of money including commodity money, fiat money, fiduciary money, and commercial bank money. The traditional barter system was replaced by money to overcome limitations like the lack of a double coincidence of wants. Demonetization in India in 2016 aimed to reduce corruption and black money but also caused short-term cash shortages and economic difficulties.
The document discusses the structure and components of the Indian capital market. It can be broadly classified into the primary market (for new issues) and secondary market (for existing issues). The key segments described are the government securities market, industrial securities market, development financial institutions, and financial intermediaries. In recent decades, the Indian capital market has undergone significant reforms like the establishment of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to regulate the market and encourage electronic transactions, growing mutual funds, stock exchanges, and derivatives trading.
The Indian securities market has undergone significant reforms and developments over the past decade to modernize practices and increase efficiency. Key changes include shortening the settlement cycle from T+5 to T+2 in line with global standards, introducing automated trading systems, and dematerializing shares to reduce settlement risk. New products like derivatives and ETFs have also been introduced to diversify the market and attract more investors. Looking ahead, further corporatization of brokers and streamlining of processes will help make the Indian market more competitive globally.
The document discusses derivatives markets in India. It defines derivatives and describes their key participants as hedgers, speculators, and arbitrageurs. Derivatives allow participants to manage risks, leverage investments, and exploit pricing discrepancies between related markets. The document also outlines the major stock exchanges in India - Bombay Stock Exchange, National Stock Exchange - and their respective indices like SENSEX and NIFTY.
The document discusses the Securities Scam that occurred in India in the early 1990s. Harshad Mehta exploited loopholes in the banking system to divert over 3,500 crores rupees from banks to stockbrokers. He did this using fraudulent bank receipts and unsecured loans disguised as secured transactions to manipulate share prices on the Bombay Stock Exchange. Investigations later found that much of the stolen money had been used to artificially inflate stock prices and profits or sent overseas through underground banking networks.
A project on derivatives market in indiaProjects Kart
A project on derivatives market in India report goes beyond that the local derivative in the emerging markets have witnessed widespread use of the derivative instrument for a variety of reasons. This continuous growth and development by the emerging market participants has resulted in capital inflows as well as helped the investors in risk protection through hedging. Visit: http://www.projectskart.com/p/contact-us.html for more information.
Hello, friend, this is Shubham Tamrakar and this is my ebook I which I have written about the basics of share market
I also write a blog in which I share the forecasted chart of the forex , stocks
#Traderlifestylehttps = ://tradershubh.blogspot.com/
The document provides an overview of derivatives transactions in India. It discusses the types of derivative markets including exchange traded and over-the-counter markets. It also describes the main types of traders in derivatives markets - hedgers who aim to reduce risk, speculators who take on risk to profit from price movements, and arbitrageurs who seek to profit from pricing discrepancies. Finally, it outlines the most common types of derivative contracts including forwards, futures, options, and swaps.
This document provides an overview of the role of financial institutions in India. It discusses the evolution of financial institutions from their foundation phase to the current reforms phase. It describes the various types of financial institutions in India including development banks, specialized institutions, state-level institutions, investment institutions, and non-banking financial companies. The document also outlines some of the key roles of financial institutions like providing services, mobilizing savings, and facilitating development. It discusses recent reports that aim to improve the financial services sector by 2020 with a focus on customer needs, inclusion, and tapping new market segments.
This document discusses prominent stock exchanges in India other than the Bombay Stock Exchange. It provides an overview of the Over the Counter Exchange of India (OTCEI), established in 1990 to provide a convenient platform for trading shares. It also discusses the Uttar Pradesh Stock Exchange, located in Kanpur and inaugurated in 1982, and the Delhi Stock Exchange, established in 1947 and now connected to 50 cities in North India.
The National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) became the world's largest stock exchange in terms of equity trades in the first half of 2012, according to a global ranking. [NSE] was established in 1992 as India's first demutualized electronic exchange and offers screen-based trading, transparent transactions, and matching of orders. It has over 2,00,000 trading terminals connected across more than 2,000 cities and towns in India.
The document provides an overview of the capital market in India, including its evolution and key reforms. It discusses the primary and secondary markets, leading stock exchanges, types of capital market instruments, and major reforms undertaken since the 1990s to improve regulation, increase electronic transactions, and expand the mutual fund industry and stock exchanges. Some of the major reforms highlighted include the establishment of SEBI, growing derivatives markets, and corporate governance reforms like the demutualization of stock exchanges.
The document discusses features of the Indian money market, including its objectives to provide short-term funding at reasonable costs, key instruments like treasury bills, commercial papers, repos, and bankers acceptances, as well as its structure involving organized sectors such as commercial banks and unorganized sectors like money lenders. It also covers characteristics of a developed money market and disadvantages like volatility and seasonal shortages of funds.
The capital market in India underwent major reforms in the 1990s which opened up the market and introduced new financial instruments and regulations. Key reforms included establishing the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) as the main regulatory body, setting up credit rating agencies, increasing merchant banking activities, and introducing new instruments like convertible preference shares and zero coupon bonds. Further reforms led to growth in the stock exchanges, electronic transactions, mutual funds, derivatives trading, and the insurance sector, expanding the capital market in India.
Financial derivatives have grown enormously over the past decade as a way to differentiate and allocate risk. Derivatives are financial contracts whose value is dependent on an underlying asset such as a stock, bond, commodity, currency, interest rate or index. There are several types of derivatives including forwards, futures, options, and swaps. Derivatives allow risk to be traded in financial markets and help companies and investors to hedge against risk.
This document is a 20-minute online module about investing from the website www.funancialquest.com. It covers topics like saving, saving vs investing, investment instruments, and basic investment terms. The module contains explanations and examples of different savings and investment options like stocks, mutual funds, bonds, insurance, and public provident funds. It also defines common financial terms used in investing. The document aims to educate users about basic personal finance concepts.
This project report summarizes a study on the currency futures market in India conducted by two MBA students, Milan Adodariya and Khima Goraniya, at Anagram Capital as part of their summer training. The report includes an introduction, literature review, research methodology, data collection and analysis sections. It also provides an overview of the foreign exchange market, history of currency futures in India, company and industry profiles, findings from surveys conducted, and conclusions.
The document provides an overview of the derivatives market in India. It discusses key concepts like forwards, futures, options, and swaps. It outlines the evolution of the derivatives market in India, from the first steps taken in 1995 to remove prohibitions on options trading, to the establishment of a regulatory framework by SEBI and the launch of index futures and options trading on exchanges like NSE and BSE in 2000. The needs served by derivatives markets are also summarized, such as risk transfer, price discovery, and increasing market volumes. Common participants like hedgers, speculators, arbitrageurs and spreaders are defined. Examples of popular derivatives products available on Indian exchanges are also provided.
The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) was established in 1988 as a non-statutory body and was given statutory powers in 1992 through the SEBI Act. SEBI regulates the securities markets in India and seeks to protect investors, ensure fair practices by issuers raising resources, and promote efficient services by market intermediaries. It is headquartered in Mumbai and has regional offices across India.
The document discusses a report submitted by Yogesh Moule on the fundamentals of derivatives with a focus on currency derivatives. It includes declarations signed by Yogesh and his mentor certifying the project's authenticity and that it fulfills requirements for Yogesh's PGDM program at Indus Business Academy. The report also provides information on Religare Securities Limited where Yogesh completed his summer internship project.
Harshad Mehta was a stockbroker in Mumbai who orchestrated one of India's biggest securities scams in the early 1990s. He exploited loopholes in India's banking system to conduct fraudulent transactions using instruments like ready forwards and fake bank receipts. This allowed him to inflate stock prices and extract hundreds of crores of rupees from banks. Mehta's activities were exposed in 1992, triggering a stock market crash and reforms to India's financial regulations and institutions like SEBI. Mehta was arrested and died in prison while facing charges related to the scam.
This document provides an overview of various topics related to banking awareness, including:
1. It lists the major financial sector regulators in India such as RBI, IRDA, SEBI, NABARD, and PFRDA and describes their roles.
2. It discusses the Basel norms (Basel I, II, and III) which provide guidelines for bank capital adequacy and risk management.
3. It defines key stock market indexes around the world such as Sensex in India and describes how they are used to measure the performance of economies and market segments.
The document serves as a guide covering important concepts for banking exams and interviews. It covers a wide range of topics in a structured manner
Money functions as a medium of exchange, unit of account, and store of value. There are different forms of money including commodity money, fiat money, fiduciary money, and commercial bank money. The traditional barter system was replaced by money to overcome limitations like the lack of a double coincidence of wants. Demonetization in India in 2016 aimed to reduce corruption and black money but also caused short-term cash shortages and economic difficulties.
The document discusses the structure and components of the Indian capital market. It can be broadly classified into the primary market (for new issues) and secondary market (for existing issues). The key segments described are the government securities market, industrial securities market, development financial institutions, and financial intermediaries. In recent decades, the Indian capital market has undergone significant reforms like the establishment of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) to regulate the market and encourage electronic transactions, growing mutual funds, stock exchanges, and derivatives trading.
The Indian securities market has undergone significant reforms and developments over the past decade to modernize practices and increase efficiency. Key changes include shortening the settlement cycle from T+5 to T+2 in line with global standards, introducing automated trading systems, and dematerializing shares to reduce settlement risk. New products like derivatives and ETFs have also been introduced to diversify the market and attract more investors. Looking ahead, further corporatization of brokers and streamlining of processes will help make the Indian market more competitive globally.
The document discusses derivatives markets in India. It defines derivatives and describes their key participants as hedgers, speculators, and arbitrageurs. Derivatives allow participants to manage risks, leverage investments, and exploit pricing discrepancies between related markets. The document also outlines the major stock exchanges in India - Bombay Stock Exchange, National Stock Exchange - and their respective indices like SENSEX and NIFTY.
The document discusses the Securities Scam that occurred in India in the early 1990s. Harshad Mehta exploited loopholes in the banking system to divert over 3,500 crores rupees from banks to stockbrokers. He did this using fraudulent bank receipts and unsecured loans disguised as secured transactions to manipulate share prices on the Bombay Stock Exchange. Investigations later found that much of the stolen money had been used to artificially inflate stock prices and profits or sent overseas through underground banking networks.
A project on derivatives market in indiaProjects Kart
A project on derivatives market in India report goes beyond that the local derivative in the emerging markets have witnessed widespread use of the derivative instrument for a variety of reasons. This continuous growth and development by the emerging market participants has resulted in capital inflows as well as helped the investors in risk protection through hedging. Visit: http://www.projectskart.com/p/contact-us.html for more information.
Hello, friend, this is Shubham Tamrakar and this is my ebook I which I have written about the basics of share market
I also write a blog in which I share the forecasted chart of the forex , stocks
#Traderlifestylehttps = ://tradershubh.blogspot.com/
The document provides an overview of derivatives transactions in India. It discusses the types of derivative markets including exchange traded and over-the-counter markets. It also describes the main types of traders in derivatives markets - hedgers who aim to reduce risk, speculators who take on risk to profit from price movements, and arbitrageurs who seek to profit from pricing discrepancies. Finally, it outlines the most common types of derivative contracts including forwards, futures, options, and swaps.
This document provides an overview of the role of financial institutions in India. It discusses the evolution of financial institutions from their foundation phase to the current reforms phase. It describes the various types of financial institutions in India including development banks, specialized institutions, state-level institutions, investment institutions, and non-banking financial companies. The document also outlines some of the key roles of financial institutions like providing services, mobilizing savings, and facilitating development. It discusses recent reports that aim to improve the financial services sector by 2020 with a focus on customer needs, inclusion, and tapping new market segments.
This document discusses prominent stock exchanges in India other than the Bombay Stock Exchange. It provides an overview of the Over the Counter Exchange of India (OTCEI), established in 1990 to provide a convenient platform for trading shares. It also discusses the Uttar Pradesh Stock Exchange, located in Kanpur and inaugurated in 1982, and the Delhi Stock Exchange, established in 1947 and now connected to 50 cities in North India.
The National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) became the world's largest stock exchange in terms of equity trades in the first half of 2012, according to a global ranking. [NSE] was established in 1992 as India's first demutualized electronic exchange and offers screen-based trading, transparent transactions, and matching of orders. It has over 2,00,000 trading terminals connected across more than 2,000 cities and towns in India.
The financial system of India consists of a variety of specialized and non-specialized financial institutions, organized and unorganized financial markets, as well as financial instruments and services. It includes banking institutions like the Reserve Bank of India and commercial banks, non-banking institutions like insurance companies and mutual funds, and special development institutions focused on sectors like industry, agriculture, and exports. Financial markets in India include money markets, capital markets, government security markets, and foreign security markets. The financial system provides important services to facilitate activities like lending, borrowing, trading, and investment which are essential to the economic development of the country.
Subject :Urban Housing
Branch : Civil Post Graduation In TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING
PDF Report:https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-pK17VRHS--aUQ3MFdYRUVzbDJQcy02R1E1NE5BeVJhR3VR/view?usp=sharing
The document discusses the history and evolution of working capital finance regulation in India. Key points include: [1] The Tandon Committee of 1974 established norms for determining working capital needs and permissible bank financing levels. [2] Subsequent committees like Chore and Dahejia made additional recommendations around monitoring borrowers and assessing needs based on operations rather than just security. [3] Current practice involves assessing needs through projected balance sheets, cash budgets or turnover, with an emphasis on loan systems over cash credits for meeting needs.
The document provides the General Financial Rules of 2005 for the Government of India. It outlines key definitions related to financial management, such as Competent Authority, Disbursing Officer, Head of Department, etc. It discusses general principles of financial management including bringing all government money into accounts without delay. It also covers interdepartmental consultations, departmental regulations, modifications to the rules, and removal of doubts regarding interpretation. The rules provide the overall framework for budgeting, accounting, procurement, and other financial processes in the Government of India.
The General Financial Rules, 2005 document provides the rules and procedures for financial management for the Government of India. It covers topics such as budget formulation, government accounts, procurement, inventory management, and grants administration. The document underwent a comprehensive review to simplify and update the rules to reflect developments in areas like information technology, outsourcing, and international procurement practices. The revised rules aim to provide greater flexibility while ensuring accountability in government financial transactions.
This document provides an overview of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). It discusses the RBI's history, governance structure, key roles as the central bank and monetary authority of India including regulating the financial system, managing foreign exchange and currency, and its developmental functions. The document also outlines the RBI's objectives in being established, its subsidiaries, and instruments used for credit control.
This document provides an overview of the key concepts in understanding the Indian financial system. It defines a financial system as a set of institutions, markets, instruments and services that intermediate funds between savers and borrowers. It describes the main components of a financial system as financial institutions, financial markets, financial instruments, and financial services. It also discusses the functions of financial institutions and markets in mobilizing savings, allocating resources, managing risk, and more.
This document is a 30-minute online module that discusses the difference between needs and wants. It defines needs as things necessary for survival like food and shelter, while wants are non-essential items beyond needs. The module emphasizes balancing needs and wants, prioritizing needs over wants, and thinking carefully before purchasing items to avoid overspending on wants. It provides examples to illustrate needs versus wants and concludes by recapping the key lessons around understanding and distinguishing between needs and wants.
The Indian money market refers to the market for short-term highly liquid debt instruments with maturities of less than one year. Key instruments traded in the money market include treasury bills (issued by the RBI), commercial paper, certificates of deposit, and call money. The Reserve Bank of India plays an important role in regulating liquidity and interest rates in the money market through tools like open market operations, cash reserve ratio requirements and repo rates. Treasury bills are the most important money market instrument issued in maturities of 91 days, 182 days and 364 days through regular auctions.
Awareness of schemes and services of mf isshail0065
Micro-finance refers to small loans, savings, insurance, and other financial services provided to low-income individuals. It originated in the 1970s and has grown significantly since. Today, over 16 million people are served by over 7,000 microfinance institutions worldwide. In India, the Self Help Group model launched in 1991 has expanded access to financial services for millions of rural poor, especially women. Microfinance aims to help the poor generate income, build businesses, and gain financial stability and empowerment.
The document discusses the functions of commercial banks and central banks. It summarizes that commercial banks primarily accept deposits and provide loans and advances. Central banks issue currency, keep reserves, safeguard currency value, act as a banker to the government and other banks, and promote monetary stability. Both commercial banks and central banks provide other banking services and facilities.
Money serves four main functions: 1) as a medium of exchange to facilitate the purchase and sale of goods and services, 2) as a standard of value and common unit of account to measure the relative values of items, 3) as a store of value to save wealth for future use, and 4) as a standard of future payment in long-term contracts by maintaining its value over time. The document outlines each of these four functions in more detail.
This document discusses financial literacy and provides an overview of a financial literacy module. It defines financial literacy and explains why it is important. The module aims to help learners of all ages understand basic financial concepts like time value of money, risks, and fund management. It covers topics like what money is, the functions and characteristics of money, different types of money including currency, and virtual currency. The module includes practical scenarios and worksheets to help learners assess their knowledge.
A fantastic PPT on a very important and scoring topic. A quick and easy explanation of the chapter Money & Banking. It has got all the material information required to enhance one's knowledge about the topic. Excellent and interesting facts. HAPPY LEARNING !!
The document discusses the growth of India's money market. It defines the money market and describes its classification into organized and unorganized sectors. It outlines the key instruments in the Indian money market like treasury bills, commercial papers, certificates of deposits, and banker's acceptances. The document also discusses reforms undertaken in the money market, including deregulation of interest rates and the establishment of institutions like the Discount and Finance House of India.
Money has several key functions - it acts as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value. The document discusses the disadvantages of barter systems and defines money. It explains demand deposits that can be withdrawn at any time versus time deposits with fixed terms. The document also defines fiat money issued by governments, and outlines the four measures of money supply and what constitutes high powered money according to the Reserve Bank of India.
The document provides an overview of the evolution of money and the monetary system in India. It discusses the development from barter systems to various forms of money like commodity money, metallic money, paper money, and digital money. It describes the functions of money as a medium of exchange, store of value, and standard of deferred payments. It also discusses key concepts like the money supply and its components, sources of money supply, the role of the central bank (Reserve Bank of India) and commercial banks in money creation through credit. It provides definitions of legal tender money and different measures of money supply used in India.
- Money has evolved over time from barter systems to commodity money like livestock or metals, to modern forms like coins, paper money, plastic money, and cryptocurrency.
- The key functions of money are as a medium of exchange to facilitate trade, a unit of account to measure and compare value, and as a store of value to save purchasing power over time.
- Money solves issues with barter like the lack of a common unit of value and difficulty finding direct exchange. It allows for deferred payment, credit, and saving.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INDIAN AND NEPALESE FINANCIAL SYSTEMabisek123
The document compares the financial systems of India and Nepal. It notes that while both countries have organized and unorganized sectors, the organized sector in Nepal is less developed. It provides overviews of the capital markets, money markets, and derivative markets of each country. The capital market in Nepal is less developed, with one main stock exchange, no share dematerialization, and a smaller market capitalization. Money markets are similar but Nepal's is smaller in scale and scope. Derivative markets exist in both countries but trading is more limited in Nepal. The document also outlines reforms that have modernized Nepal's financial system in recent decades.
This document provides an overview of chapter 2 from a financial markets textbook. It discusses the roles that financial markets and intermediaries play in channeling funds from savers to borrowers. It describes the structure of financial markets, including debt, equity, primary and secondary markets. It also outlines the functions of financial intermediaries in reducing transactions costs and asymmetric information. Finally, it lists some common types of financial intermediaries such as banks, thrifts, insurance companies, and pension funds.
The document provides an overview of the Indian banking system. It discusses the history and evolution of banking in India from the establishment of the first bank in 1786 to the current system. It describes the key components of the current banking system including the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), scheduled commercial banks, cooperative banks, and tools used by RBI to regulate the system like cash reserve ratio, repo rate, and statutory liquidity ratio. The banking system has transitioned India to a strong economy with robust banking.
This document provides an overview of money and banking concepts for a 9th grade economics class. It discusses money as a medium of exchange and how the barter system led to the development of money. It describes the evolution of money from animal money, commodity money, metallic money, to modern paper money and plastic money like debit cards. It also explains key banking concepts like bank deposits, savings accounts, current accounts, recurring deposits, and fixed deposits. The purpose is to help students understand modern forms of money and basic banking services.
This document provides information about a student's assignment submission for a course on Financial Markets and Institutions. It includes the student's details, assignment details such as course code, submission date, and signature. It also includes sections for the tutor to fill out including date of receiving assignment, marks obtained, comments, and date of returning the assignment with the tutor's signature. The assignment questions ask about the importance of financial markets, components of the financial system, roles of the central bank, and functions of money.
This document provides an overview of monetary and banking systems. It defines money and discusses its origins, characteristics, types, and functions. It examines the demand for money, including transactions, precautionary, and speculative demand. It also discusses the money supply in Sri Lanka and classifies it into different monetary aggregates like M1 (narrow money supply), M2 (broad money supply), and M2b (consolidated broad money). Finally, it discusses the role of the central bank in providing monetary aggregates and regulating the financial system.
The document provides an overview of money and banking concepts including the functions of money, types of money, and properties of money. It also summarizes the role of the Federal Reserve in regulating the US money supply through tools like open market operations, changing reserve requirements, and adjusting interest rates. The Federal Reserve aims to promote price stability and maximum employment through its monetary policy decisions.
Money serves several important functions including as a medium of exchange, measure of value, and store of value. It allows for efficient exchange, saving, and deferred payments. Money also acts as the basis for the credit system and facilitates the distribution of national income and equalization of utilities. It increases the productivity of capital by allowing easy transfer from less to more productive uses and provides liquidity. Maintaining repayment capacity and representing generalized purchasing power are other key functions of money.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM