Modular construction of Fired Heaters can help in saving both time and cost. This presentation touches the topic from the Indian perspective and how it can also be helpful in revamps.
For any details, please visit us at https://www.esteemprojects.com.
Thanks,
Esteem Projects Pvt. Ltd.
Thermal Design Margins for Heat Exchangers
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 TERMINOLOGY
5 REASONS FOR SPECIFYING A DESIGN MARGIN
5.1 Instantaneous Rates
5.2 Future Uprating
5.3 Plant Upsets
5.4 Process Control
5.5 Uncertainties in Properties
5.6 Uncertainties in Design Methods
5.7 Fouling
6 COMBINATION OF DESIGN MARGINS
7 CRITICAL AND NON-CRITICAL DUTIES
7.1 General
7.2 Penalties of Over-design
8 OPTIMIZATION OF EXCHANGER DUTY
9 WAYS OF PROVIDING DESIGN MARGINS
9.1 The Provision of Excess Surface
9.2 Decreasing the Design Temperature Difference
9.3 Increasing the Design Process Throughput
9.4 Increasing the Design Fouling Resistance
9.5 Reducing the Design Process Outlet Temperature Approach
9.6 Adjusting the Physical Properties
10 ACCURACY OF THE DESIGN METHODS FOR SHELL AND TUBE EXCHANGERS
10.1 Pressure Drop
10.2 Heat Transfer
11 SUGGESTED DESIGN MARGINS
11.1 No Phase Change Duties
11.2 Condensers
11.3 Boilers
12 EFFECT OF UNDER- OR OVER-SURFACE ON PERFORMANCE
FIGURES
1 EFFECT OF LENGTH ON EXCHANGER DUTY COUNTERCURRENT FLOW, C* = 1.0
2 EFFECT OF NUMBER OF TUBES ON EXCHANGER PERFORMANCE COUNTERCURRENT FLOW, C* = 1.0, ALL RESISTANCE IN TUBES
3 EFFECT OF TUBE LENGTH ON NUMBER OF TUBES, AREA AND PRESSURE DROP
Furnaces in Refinery and Petrochemicals
Process furnaces
Crude distillation unit
Reaction Heaters
Reformer Heater
Heater Performance objectives
Reasons to save Energy
Heater Types
Radiant section
Convection section
Crossover section
Burners
Summary of changes in burner specificationsKapil Batra
Our team at Furnace Improvement Services, New Delhi has compiled an interesting comparison of the changes in Burner Specifications in API-560 Fired Heaters for General Refinery Service over the years. Burner design has evolved a lot due to increasing restriction on NOx emissions. Because of the changes in burner design a lot of additions, modification and deletions have been made in the API 560 standard. We have covered from the 1st API edition made in 1986 to the latest 5th edition published in 2016. We intend to publish more such comparisons from API 560 standard. Please feel free to provide your feedback and comments.
Thermal Design Margins for Heat Exchangers
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 TERMINOLOGY
5 REASONS FOR SPECIFYING A DESIGN MARGIN
5.1 Instantaneous Rates
5.2 Future Uprating
5.3 Plant Upsets
5.4 Process Control
5.5 Uncertainties in Properties
5.6 Uncertainties in Design Methods
5.7 Fouling
6 COMBINATION OF DESIGN MARGINS
7 CRITICAL AND NON-CRITICAL DUTIES
7.1 General
7.2 Penalties of Over-design
8 OPTIMIZATION OF EXCHANGER DUTY
9 WAYS OF PROVIDING DESIGN MARGINS
9.1 The Provision of Excess Surface
9.2 Decreasing the Design Temperature Difference
9.3 Increasing the Design Process Throughput
9.4 Increasing the Design Fouling Resistance
9.5 Reducing the Design Process Outlet Temperature Approach
9.6 Adjusting the Physical Properties
10 ACCURACY OF THE DESIGN METHODS FOR SHELL AND TUBE EXCHANGERS
10.1 Pressure Drop
10.2 Heat Transfer
11 SUGGESTED DESIGN MARGINS
11.1 No Phase Change Duties
11.2 Condensers
11.3 Boilers
12 EFFECT OF UNDER- OR OVER-SURFACE ON PERFORMANCE
FIGURES
1 EFFECT OF LENGTH ON EXCHANGER DUTY COUNTERCURRENT FLOW, C* = 1.0
2 EFFECT OF NUMBER OF TUBES ON EXCHANGER PERFORMANCE COUNTERCURRENT FLOW, C* = 1.0, ALL RESISTANCE IN TUBES
3 EFFECT OF TUBE LENGTH ON NUMBER OF TUBES, AREA AND PRESSURE DROP
Furnaces in Refinery and Petrochemicals
Process furnaces
Crude distillation unit
Reaction Heaters
Reformer Heater
Heater Performance objectives
Reasons to save Energy
Heater Types
Radiant section
Convection section
Crossover section
Burners
Summary of changes in burner specificationsKapil Batra
Our team at Furnace Improvement Services, New Delhi has compiled an interesting comparison of the changes in Burner Specifications in API-560 Fired Heaters for General Refinery Service over the years. Burner design has evolved a lot due to increasing restriction on NOx emissions. Because of the changes in burner design a lot of additions, modification and deletions have been made in the API 560 standard. We have covered from the 1st API edition made in 1986 to the latest 5th edition published in 2016. We intend to publish more such comparisons from API 560 standard. Please feel free to provide your feedback and comments.
Esteem is a leading supplier and contractor for Fired Heaters (Heaters, Cracking Furnaces, Reformers, Waste Heat recovery Units, Process Furnaces) and related equipment to the Hydrocarbon and Chemical industries spanning Oil & Gas, Petrochemical, Refining, Fertilizer and related sectors.
Design, supply and construction of Fired Heaters (from Turnkey projects to revamps) designed to API 560 or other international standards form the core of our business. We have capabilities to provide furnaces based on our own design or the design supplied by clients/ consultants.
EMERGENCY ISOLATION OF CHEMICAL PLANTS
CONTENTS
1 Introduction
2 When should Emergency Isolation Valves be Installed
3 Emergency Isolation Valves and Associated Equipment
3.1 Installations on existing plant
3.2 Actuators
3.3 Power to close or power to open
3.4 The need for testing
3.5 Hand operated Emergency Valves
3.6 The need to stop pumps in an emergency
3.7 Location of Operating Buttons
3.8 Use of control valves for Isolation
4 Detection of Leaks and Fires
5 Precautions during Maintenance
6 Training Operators to use Emergency Isolation Valves
7 Emergency Isolation when no remotely operated valve is available
References
Glossary
Appendix I Some Fires or Serious Escapes of Flammable Gases or Liquids that could have been controlled by Emergency Isolation Valves
Appendix II Some typical Installations
Improve fired heaters performance and reliabiltyAshutosh Garg
Fired heaters are often suffering from high tube metal temperatures and short run lengths. Operators are always worried about hot spots in the furnace. While refineries want to push the heaters hard, the heater starts coking up and very soon, the heater tubes have to be cleaned.
FIS has done extensive research and CFD modelling of heaters in the recent time and has concluded that localized burner flame and hot flue gas currents are responsible for the hot spots on the tubes. FIS has now developed a new patented technology for solving hot spot problems. This technology called Inclined Firing Technology involves orienting the burners at an angle on the floor / wall/ roof to direct the flame away from the tubes. The results of this technology have been extremely good and with a very low investment, the reliability and run length of the heater is improved significantly.
Boilers are most important part of Chemical Industry. 99 % boilers used in Pakistan Chemical Industries are water tube boilers because of their high efficiency and safety. So we should have clear understanding about the boilers.
Selection of Heat Exchanger Types
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 BACKGROUND
5 FACTORS INFLUENCING SELECTION
5.1 Type of Duty
5.2 Temperatures and Pressures
5.3 Materials of Construction 5.4 Fouling
5.5 Safety and Reliability
5.6 Repairs
5.7 Design Methods
5.8 Dimensions and Weight
5.9 Cost
5.10 GBHE Experience
6 TYPES OF EXCHANGER
6.1 Shell and Tube Exchangers
6.2 Cylindrical Graphite Block Heat Exchangers
6.3 Cubic Graphite Block Heat Exchangers
6.4 Air Cooled Heat Exchangers
6.5 Gasketed Plate and Frame
6.6 Spiral Plate
6.7 Tube in Duct
6.8 Plate-fin
6.9 Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE)
6.10 Scraped Surface/Wiped Film Exchangers
6.11 Welded or Brazed Plate
6.12 Double Pipe
6.13 Electric Heaters
6.14 Fired Process Heaters
TABLE
(1) ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DIFFERENT SHELL AND TUBE DESIGNS
FIGURES
1 ESTIMATED MAIN PLANT ITEM COSTS
2 ESTIMATED INSTALLED COSTS
3 TEMA HEAT EXCHANGER NOMENCLATURE
4 F ‘CORRECTION FACTORS' : TEMA E SHELL WITH EVEN NUMBER OF PASSE
5 SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER HEAD TYPES
6 GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF A CYLINDRICAL GRAPHITE BLOCK HEAT EXCHANGER
7 EXPLODED VIEW OF A CUBIC GRAPHITE BLOCK
HEAT EXCHANGER
8 TYPICAL AIR COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER
9 GENERAL VIEW OF ONE END OF A 3-STREAM
PLATE-FIN HEAT EXCHANGER
10 TYPICAL PCHE PLATE
11 VICARB ‘COMPABLOC' EXCHANGER
12 ‘BROWN FINTUBE' MULTITUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
13 FIRED HEATER : SCHEMATICS AND NOMENCLATURE
Brief introduction to Fired Heaters operation and design. Definition of the different Heaters in the industry and brief strategy how to operate them safely.
Esteem is a leading supplier and contractor for Fired Heaters (Heaters, Cracking Furnaces, Reformers, Waste Heat recovery Units, Process Furnaces) and related equipment to the Hydrocarbon and Chemical industries spanning Oil & Gas, Petrochemical, Refining, Fertilizer and related sectors.
Design, supply and construction of Fired Heaters (from Turnkey projects to revamps) designed to API 560 or other international standards form the core of our business. We have capabilities to provide furnaces based on our own design or the design supplied by clients/ consultants.
EMERGENCY ISOLATION OF CHEMICAL PLANTS
CONTENTS
1 Introduction
2 When should Emergency Isolation Valves be Installed
3 Emergency Isolation Valves and Associated Equipment
3.1 Installations on existing plant
3.2 Actuators
3.3 Power to close or power to open
3.4 The need for testing
3.5 Hand operated Emergency Valves
3.6 The need to stop pumps in an emergency
3.7 Location of Operating Buttons
3.8 Use of control valves for Isolation
4 Detection of Leaks and Fires
5 Precautions during Maintenance
6 Training Operators to use Emergency Isolation Valves
7 Emergency Isolation when no remotely operated valve is available
References
Glossary
Appendix I Some Fires or Serious Escapes of Flammable Gases or Liquids that could have been controlled by Emergency Isolation Valves
Appendix II Some typical Installations
Improve fired heaters performance and reliabiltyAshutosh Garg
Fired heaters are often suffering from high tube metal temperatures and short run lengths. Operators are always worried about hot spots in the furnace. While refineries want to push the heaters hard, the heater starts coking up and very soon, the heater tubes have to be cleaned.
FIS has done extensive research and CFD modelling of heaters in the recent time and has concluded that localized burner flame and hot flue gas currents are responsible for the hot spots on the tubes. FIS has now developed a new patented technology for solving hot spot problems. This technology called Inclined Firing Technology involves orienting the burners at an angle on the floor / wall/ roof to direct the flame away from the tubes. The results of this technology have been extremely good and with a very low investment, the reliability and run length of the heater is improved significantly.
Boilers are most important part of Chemical Industry. 99 % boilers used in Pakistan Chemical Industries are water tube boilers because of their high efficiency and safety. So we should have clear understanding about the boilers.
Selection of Heat Exchanger Types
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 BACKGROUND
5 FACTORS INFLUENCING SELECTION
5.1 Type of Duty
5.2 Temperatures and Pressures
5.3 Materials of Construction 5.4 Fouling
5.5 Safety and Reliability
5.6 Repairs
5.7 Design Methods
5.8 Dimensions and Weight
5.9 Cost
5.10 GBHE Experience
6 TYPES OF EXCHANGER
6.1 Shell and Tube Exchangers
6.2 Cylindrical Graphite Block Heat Exchangers
6.3 Cubic Graphite Block Heat Exchangers
6.4 Air Cooled Heat Exchangers
6.5 Gasketed Plate and Frame
6.6 Spiral Plate
6.7 Tube in Duct
6.8 Plate-fin
6.9 Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE)
6.10 Scraped Surface/Wiped Film Exchangers
6.11 Welded or Brazed Plate
6.12 Double Pipe
6.13 Electric Heaters
6.14 Fired Process Heaters
TABLE
(1) ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF DIFFERENT SHELL AND TUBE DESIGNS
FIGURES
1 ESTIMATED MAIN PLANT ITEM COSTS
2 ESTIMATED INSTALLED COSTS
3 TEMA HEAT EXCHANGER NOMENCLATURE
4 F ‘CORRECTION FACTORS' : TEMA E SHELL WITH EVEN NUMBER OF PASSE
5 SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER HEAD TYPES
6 GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF A CYLINDRICAL GRAPHITE BLOCK HEAT EXCHANGER
7 EXPLODED VIEW OF A CUBIC GRAPHITE BLOCK
HEAT EXCHANGER
8 TYPICAL AIR COOLED HEAT EXCHANGER
9 GENERAL VIEW OF ONE END OF A 3-STREAM
PLATE-FIN HEAT EXCHANGER
10 TYPICAL PCHE PLATE
11 VICARB ‘COMPABLOC' EXCHANGER
12 ‘BROWN FINTUBE' MULTITUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
13 FIRED HEATER : SCHEMATICS AND NOMENCLATURE
Brief introduction to Fired Heaters operation and design. Definition of the different Heaters in the industry and brief strategy how to operate them safely.
i hope, it will helpful to the students and peoples in the search of topics mentioned
it is informative to study to even get passing marks or for revision
Process Heaters, Furnaces and Fired Heaters: Improving Efficiency and Reducin...Belilove Company-Engineers
A process heater is a direct-fired heat exchanger that uses the hot gases of combustion to raise the temperature of a feed owing through coils of tubes aligned throughout the heater. Depending on the use, these are also called furnaces or red heaters. Some heaters simply deliver the feed at a predetermined temperature to the next stage of the reaction process; others perform reactions on the feed while it travels through the tubes.
Cara Pasang Ariston Water Heater electric 082122541663 atau pemanas air listrik merupakan alat pemanas air yang menggunakan energi listrik sebagai sumber energinya untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan mandi air panas keluarga Anda secara praktis. Sebenarnya, untuk pemasangan alat ini bisa dilakukan sendiri tanpa harus memakai jasa tukang. Dengan begitu kita dapat lebih menghemat biaya pengeluaran untuk membayar jasa tukang untuk memasang water heater listrik.
Berikut ini hal yang perlu diperhatikan untuk memasang water heater atau pemanas air listrik :
· Sebelum memasang pemanas air, Anda perlu menyiapkan instalasi pipa untuk jalur air panas dan jalur air dingin yang masuk ke dalam water heater. Pipa yang digunakan untuk saluran air panas pada pemanas air tentunya harus pipa khusus yang tahan terhadap panas tinggi seperti pipa dengan material polypropylene, serta material non-korosif yang tahan terhadap berbagai cairan kimia dan bebas dari sedimentasi (pengikisan).
· Kran mixing atau yang biasa kita kenal dengan kran panas dingin yang memiliki 2 saluran yaitu saluran air panas dan saluran air dingin yang nantinya akan digunakan untuk menyalurkan air dari water heater.
· Alat water heater listrik lebih baik dipasang minimal 1.5m dari lantai agar memudahkan Anda dalam pemasangan dan pengaturan pada water heater serta agar terhindar dari cipratan air mandi.
Steam Reformer Surveys - Techniques for Optimization of Primary Reformer Oper...Gerard B. Hawkins
Introduction
Background Radiation and Temperature Measurement
Reformer Survey Inputs
Other Troubleshooting Tools
Safety
Preparation
Onsite Data Collection
TWT Survey
Observation/Troubleshooting
Modelling and Analysis
Results/Outputs
Case Studies
Conclusions
Case Study 1
Case Study 2
Case Study 3
Conclusions
Leading Manufacturer & Supplier of Industrial Furnace like aluminium melting furnace, Industrial Heat Treatment Furnace, Bogie hearth furnace, Pit type furnace, Rotary Furnace etc. from South India
Reformer Tube design principles
- Larsen Miller Plot
- Larsen Miller & Tube Design
- Design Margins - Stress Data Used
- Max Allowable & Design Temperature
- Tube Life
- Effect of Temperature on Life
- Material Types
HK40: 25 Cr / 20 Ni
HP Modified: 25 Cr / 35 Ni + Nb
Microalloy: 25 Cr / 35 Ni + Nb + Ti
- Alloy Developments
- Comparison of Alloys
Manufacturing Technology
- Welds
Failure mechanisms
- Failure Mechanisms - Creep
- Creep Propagation
- Common Failure Modes
- Uncommon Failure Modes
- Failure by Creep
- Creep Rupture - Cross Section
- Failure at Weld
Actions to Take if Tube Fails
- Pigtail Nipping
Inspection techniques
Classification of Problems
- Visual Examination
- Girth Measurement
- Ultrasonic Attenuation
- Radiography
Eddy Current Measurement
LOTIS Tube Inspection
LOTIS Compared to External Inspection
This technical document were prepared by self during my tenure with Essar Oil Limited-Jamnagar, INDIA where I ahve preapred lots of this type of training manual and will provide you for your enhancement of technical knowledge!
Seminar Presentation file for "Autodesk CFD for better building design" by Mr. ZHU ge.
Event Details
Seminar: Autodesk CFD for Better Building Design
Co-organized by: Autodesk / HKIBIM / IVE BIM Centre
With your BIM model, Autodesk® Simulation CFD software can provides computational fluid dynamics and thermal simulation analysis to help you create better interior and exterior design. A range of CFD modeling and thermal modeling tools are included for architectural and mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) applications. Model radiant heat transfer and occupant comfort; better predict contaminant dispersion and smoke migration in and around buildings. Study the long-term effects of diurnal heating. The Design Study Environment allows you to automate the creation of design studies, compare critical values, and predict design performance, optimize designs, and validate behavior before construction.
For more information about Autodesk® CFD: http://www.autodesk.com/products/cfd/overview
Seminar details:
Date & Time: 9-Sep-2015; 7:00pm – 8:30pm
Speaker: Ge Zhu, Technical Sales Specialist, Autodesk
He is major in Engineering Thermophysics, Master of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. He has 7 years for electrical thermal and datacenter CFD simulation experience.
Location: Lecture Theater LT-01, G/F, IVE (Morrison Hill), 6 Oi Kwan Road, Hong Kong
Agenda:
1. Why Simulation
2. Auotdesk CFD Features
3. Key Application Areas of Autodesk CFD
For any enquiry, please contact Mr. Waiky Leung at waiky.leung@autodesk.com
Set up and commissioned in 2011, Exeed Precast is one of the largest precast production facilities in the region, covering an area of over 200,000 sq. m. located in ICAD 2 with an additional manufacturing facility, Exeed Aswar located in ICAD 1 covering and area of 21,000 sq. m.
John J. Steuby Company is one of the largest and most diversified plants in the Midwest. Our central U.S. location is ideal for receiving raw material and shipping finished product to every major area of the country. In our 144,000square foot facility, we have the capacity to produce any product you require whether it be a long, medium or short run at a highly competitive price. Because we have extensive capabilities, we can produce difficult items made out of almost any material in small or large quantities.
Our Mission: to produce an increasing quantity of quality turned parts to the satisfaction of all our customers, at a reasonable profit that will assure growth, excellence, and continuity for the betterment of our employees, the community and the society in which we operate.
Industries Serviced: Automotive, Aerospace, Appliance, Bearing, Defense, Medical, Ordinance, Oil & Gas, Power Generation, Energy, Hydraulic, Plumbing, Hardware, Commercial Fitting and General Industry.
Jsp roofing & trussless roofing solutions pvt. ltd in puneMaxpromotion
COMPANY PROFILE:
JSP ROOFING GROUP is an organisation set up by a group of young professional with focus of developing Industrial World Class Product Manufacturer of Self Supported Roofing System/Trussless roofing System,Trapezoidal profile, Clay tile sheets & Turbo Ventilators.
BUSINESS PROFILE:
JSP Roofing & Trussless Roofing Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Over the year JSP Roofing Group blossemed in to the front ranking manufacturer of top self supported roofing/Trussless roofing System, Galvalume, Galvanized profile & Clay Title roofing sheet in India. Through our contineous performance evalution And upgradation we are determine to stay ahead in the competitve world with pioneering spirit, clear vision of future and commitment to excel JSP ROOFING GROUP a long sheet product arm of JSP ROOFING GROUP , was set up at pune.
The company JSP ROOFING, has earned respect and fame in the business of roofing industry making during short span of only two and half years on the back of visionery director and highly skilled and dedicated team. JSP ROOFING plant is fully integrated plant having various manufavturing facilities of Trapozoidal, clay tile and decking sheets.we Also deal in pencil profile,"Z" & "C" purlins, PEB structures, SDSS crews,Poly -carbonate Sheet,FRP sheets, insulation products, turbine ventilators & all type of roofing accessories.
VISION & MISSION
Mission :
"Provide Quality Steel Products to customers by ensuring Customer Satisfaction & through Continuous Improvement in Products."JSP ROOFING GROUPrecognized that while honesty and integrity are the essential ingredients of a strong and stable enterprise, profitability provides the main spark of economic activity. Overall, the company seeks to scale the heights of excellence in all that it does in an atmosphere free from fear, and thereby reaffirms in democratic values.
Vision :
"Want to Colour whole world by steel products."we aspire to the global steel industry benchmark for value Creation And Corporate citizenship we aspire to the most trusted quality of products and services.
More Details,
www.proflexroofing.com
Bullard Company is a group of fabricators, contractors and engineers who specialize in rail, truck, marine, and aircraft access equipment. We also manufacture ASME IX process pipe spools and skids.
Mechanical Piping Systems - today you will find Victaulic grooved mechanical systems used in a nearly endless number of piping applications all over the world. The grooved system has become synonymous with faster and easier installations..
By specifying and installing Victaulic systems, engineers, owners and installing contractors conserve time and financial resources through;
* Compressed construction schedules
* Lower total installed costs
* Safer work environment
* Reduced system downtime
Design to Construction; Estimating, 3D Modelling, BIM Coordination Package, Product Specification and Selection Services, Value Engineering - such as accommodating system thermal movement, vibration, noise, system flexibility, alignment ease etc....
Lean Construction & Prefabrication Concepts
Integrated Supply Chain - safer system Installations, Material Handling Bag & Tag Services, Coordinated Shipments and Inspection Services
Potentia Engineering Solutions is an incorporated organization, that provides the following technical support services.
Prefabrication – Prefab Buildings & Portable Cabins
HVAC (Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning) – Supplies & Installations - Firefighting and Safety
MEP - Mechanical Electrical & Plumbing, Engineering Design & Construction
Fabrication & erection, industrial supply and installation of equipment, and Instrumentation.
Bulk handling and storage tanks / facilities, pressure vessels.
Heavy and light industrial plants supplies and erections,
Sand-blasting and painting of tanks and steel structures.
Roof Heat proofing & Water proofing (Leakage, Seepage & Crack)
POTENTIA aspires to be one of the fastest growing firms among the indigenous HVAC, Energy, Surveillance, MEP and Civil construction service organization. POTENTIA provides project management, engineering, procurement and construction services for the oil & gas industry, power plants, buildings, general civil works & light industry, etc.
Potentia Engineering Solutions is an incorporated organization, that provides the following technical support services.
Prefabrication – Prefab Buildings & Portable Cabins
HVAC (Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning) – Supplies & Installations - Firefighting and Safety
MEP - Mechanical Electrical & Plumbing, Engineering Design & Construction
Fabrication & erection, industrial supply and installation of equipment, and Instrumentation.
Bulk handling and storage tanks / facilities, pressure vessels.
Heavy and light industrial plants supplies and erections,
Sand-blasting and painting of tanks and steel structures.
Roof Heat proofing & Water proofing (Leakage, Seepage & Crack)
POTENTIA aspires to be one of the fastest growing firms among the indigenous HVAC, Energy, Surveillance, MEP and Civil construction service organization. POTENTIA provides project management, engineering, procurement and construction services for the oil & gas industry, power plants, buildings, general civil works & light industry, etc.
0092 333 5600079
www.potentia.pk
Attending a job Interview for B1 and B2 Englsih learnersErika906060
It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
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15. Suitable for
Heater Size Heater Complexity
Ease of
Transportation
Complete Heater in
all respects
Small - Mid Low - Moderate
In modules All All
In sub-modules Mid - Large All
In panels and
banjos
Large - Very Large High
Extent of modularisation
16. Suitable for
Heater Size Heater Complexity
Ease of
Transportation
Complete Heater in
all respects
Small - Mid Low - Moderate
In modules All All
In sub-modules Mid - Large All
In panels and
banjos
Large - Very Large High
Most
favourable
for India
Extent of modularisation
18. Extent of modularisation
Transportation, handling and erection efforts
Incremental reduction in site activities
Efforts
Amount of modularisation/ Module size
{Ideal in most situations
19. Extent of modularisation
Transportation, handling and erection efforts
Incremental reduction in site activities
Efforts
Impractical without
port access
Amount of modularisation/ Module size
{Ideal in most situations
20. Export
Scenario Sub-modules can
be combined at or
near port.
Complete heater
(with all coils, piping,
instrumentation,
etc.) can be loaded
onto barge
21. Module - arization
Fabricate and ship
from shop in transportable modules
assemble
near site
or at port
move
complete heater
to siteplace on
foundation
using
jacks, crane,
axels, …
23. Design considerations
✓ Module size and weights
✓ Steel to Steel interface
✓ Refractory to refractory interface
✓ Splice design
✓ Site sealing
✓ Lifting lugs, spreader beams, erection plans
✓ Structural stiffening
✓ Stability during transportation by road/ sea
✓ Wind loads
24. Refractory
Insulating Castable Ceramic Fibre
Products
Insulating Bricks
✓ Suitable for
Modularisation
✓ Good Strength
✓ May need dry-out
✓ Interface is easy
✓ Suitable for
Modularisation
✓ Low strength - Needs
care during
transportation
✓ Does not need dry-out
✓ Interface is easy
✓ Not recommended
✓ May remain loose even
with fixing systems or
tongue and groove
✓ Difficult interface
25. Cost
From the internet >>
Credit is due to whoever wrote that
✓ may not be a true
measure of effort
involved
✓ not always = value
✓ means different things
to different people,
societies and
geographies
✓ depends on a
multitude of factors
37. Safety and
Environment
✓ Reduced site duration = Reduced chances of un-safe
operations
✓ Shop environment = Better control over safety
✓ Reduced Wastage
✓ Less energy load at site during construction (Resource
efficient)
52. CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTIONS
Critical Success Factors
✓ Experienced and proven team
✓ Detailed understanding of the parameters
and their impact on the project
✓ Freezing of the requirements
✓ Single point responsibility