1) Mathematics plays a key role in modern technologies like Google, iPods, wireless communication, and medical imaging.
2) Error correcting codes invented in the 1940s are widely used to detect and correct mistakes in digital communication and storage. They allow reliable transmission of information using techniques like Hamming distance.
3) Google's PageRank algorithm uses the idea that more important websites are those linked to by many other important websites to rank websites and provide the most relevant search results. It involves calculating the principal eigenvector of a huge matrix representing the web link structure.
Computer data representation (integers, floating-point numbers, text, images,...ArtemKovera
How computers represent different types of data.
1) Why learning how computers represent data is important
2) Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal number systems.
3) A few words about computer memory organization
4) Representing integer numbers in computers
(two's-complement and other encodings)
5) Representing floating-point numbers
(single-precision, double-precision, quadruple-precision)
6) Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) Representation
7) Introduction to representing text in computers (ASCII, Unicode encodings: UTF-8, UTF-16, etc)
8) Introduction to representing images in computers
9) Introduction to representing sound in computers
10) Books on Artificial Intelligence
Computer data representation (integers, floating-point numbers, text, images,...ArtemKovera
How computers represent different types of data.
1) Why learning how computers represent data is important
2) Binary, Octal, and Hexadecimal number systems.
3) A few words about computer memory organization
4) Representing integer numbers in computers
(two's-complement and other encodings)
5) Representing floating-point numbers
(single-precision, double-precision, quadruple-precision)
6) Binary-Coded Decimal (BCD) Representation
7) Introduction to representing text in computers (ASCII, Unicode encodings: UTF-8, UTF-16, etc)
8) Introduction to representing images in computers
9) Introduction to representing sound in computers
10) Books on Artificial Intelligence
LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON, VARIABLES, DNA CODING, AI
Introduction to Python, how to download (Python 3), Create your own Chat Bot. Introducing variables, sequence, programs, Alan Turing and Artificial Intelligence. Big ideas to discuss: DNA Coding and Intelligent design. Create apps which include the use of random number and item generation. Suggested videos on ‘Introducing Python’ and History of Computing. Learn about Mathematical and comparison operators and the importance of indentation in Python. Includes a suggested videos, ‘Big ideas’ discussion, and HW/research projects section.
A short presentation I made for work trying to teach myself the absolute most basic aspects of networking. Covers bits, encoding, packets, and protocols.
Chatbots are growing in popularity as developers face the
limitations of the mobile app. User interfaces that simulate a human
conversation, the history of chatbots goes back to the late 18th
century. I'll take you on a tour of that history with an eye on finding
insights on what is possible today and in the near future with chatbots.
Issues Covered: Amazon Alexa, Facebook Messenger Chatbots, Alan
Turing, and much more.
Given at the BugCrowd conference in January 2019, this was the first time for doing this deck.:
For 25 years or more we have fought the battle of passwords and patches while all around us, the world has developed, data has exponentially increased, attack surfaces are everywhere and technology had quite simply forced the human race to consider the evolution cycle in single lifespans as opposed to millennia. During the last 25 years we have done little to protect the charges we are responsible for, we have failed to secure systems, allowed financial attacks, infrastructure attacks, and now attacks directly against humans. At what point will we be able to stem the bleeding and actually take charge of our realm? Have we left it too late, or are we still able to claw back out of the abyss and face our adversary in a more asymmetrical defensive manner? Can we actually provide safety and security to our charges or will we continue to fail? And, critically, how do we communicate this, and educate a population that is content to watch from the sidelines, while they are being digitally eviscerated.
What exactly is machine learning? Moreover, what is the machine learning? This desk was first presented in 2020 at the Thadomal Shahani College of Engineering
LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON, VARIABLES, DNA CODING, AI
Introduction to Python, how to download (Python 3), Create your own Chat Bot. Introducing variables, sequence, programs, Alan Turing and Artificial Intelligence. Big ideas to discuss: DNA Coding and Intelligent design. Create apps which include the use of random number and item generation. Suggested videos on ‘Introducing Python’ and History of Computing. Learn about Mathematical and comparison operators and the importance of indentation in Python. Includes a suggested videos, ‘Big ideas’ discussion, and HW/research projects section.
A short presentation I made for work trying to teach myself the absolute most basic aspects of networking. Covers bits, encoding, packets, and protocols.
Chatbots are growing in popularity as developers face the
limitations of the mobile app. User interfaces that simulate a human
conversation, the history of chatbots goes back to the late 18th
century. I'll take you on a tour of that history with an eye on finding
insights on what is possible today and in the near future with chatbots.
Issues Covered: Amazon Alexa, Facebook Messenger Chatbots, Alan
Turing, and much more.
Given at the BugCrowd conference in January 2019, this was the first time for doing this deck.:
For 25 years or more we have fought the battle of passwords and patches while all around us, the world has developed, data has exponentially increased, attack surfaces are everywhere and technology had quite simply forced the human race to consider the evolution cycle in single lifespans as opposed to millennia. During the last 25 years we have done little to protect the charges we are responsible for, we have failed to secure systems, allowed financial attacks, infrastructure attacks, and now attacks directly against humans. At what point will we be able to stem the bleeding and actually take charge of our realm? Have we left it too late, or are we still able to claw back out of the abyss and face our adversary in a more asymmetrical defensive manner? Can we actually provide safety and security to our charges or will we continue to fail? And, critically, how do we communicate this, and educate a population that is content to watch from the sidelines, while they are being digitally eviscerated.
What exactly is machine learning? Moreover, what is the machine learning? This desk was first presented in 2020 at the Thadomal Shahani College of Engineering
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...
ModernWorldKCL.ppt
1. Maths and the making of the modern world
The maths behind Google and the Ipod
Chris Budd
2. Mathematics is completely useless
Mathematicians are evil souless geeks
All Mathematicians are mad!
Some common views on maths and mathematicians
3. The modern world would not exist without maths
With maths you can tell the future and save lives
Maths lies at the heart of art and music
The truth is rather different!
4. Spot the mathematician, and why are they important?
Maxwell and the discovery of electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetism, radio, WiFi,TV, radar, mobile phones,
microwaves all come from the work of Maxwell!
5. Linear algebra, graph theory, SVD
Google:
Error correcting codes: Galois theory
Internet: Network theory
Security: Fermat, RSA
Mathematicians really have made the modern world possible
Medical imaging: Radon Transform
Communications: FFT, Shannon
Medical Statistics: Nightingale
A few other examples ….
7. It is important that we store, transmit and search this
information carefully and without making mistakes
Maths helps us to do this…
8. Pick a number 0,1,2,3,…,7
Q1. Is your number 4,5,6,7?
Q2. Is your number 2,3,6,7?
Q3. Is your number 1,3,5,7?
Answer the following questions truthfully
Storing information by telling the truth
10. 3 Bit Binary Number: x
x represented by three digits a b c eg. 101
a,b,c are 0 or 1
x = 4*a + 2*b + c
eg. 101 = 4+0+1 = 5
011 = 0+2+1 = 3
11. 1, 0 are called bits of information
All information in a computer is made up of bits
Simplest information has ONE BIT
Are you OK?
12. Usually binary numbers have more than 3 bits
eg. 10011011 has 8 bits
A symbol of 8 bits is called a byte.
You can have 256 such symbols
Letters A,B,C, … are converted into 8 bit ASCII
Other languages eg. Japanese use 32 bit Unicode
Binary numbers 0..7 have 3 bits
13. Camera takes picture made up of PIXELS
8 BITS per pixel ….. 256 range of intensity = 1 byte
1 000 000 Pixels per Picture
3 colours
Total 3 M Byte per picture
One bite memory
14. Using binary you can count from 0 to 31 on one hand with
5 bit binary numbers
How does a monster count to 25?
On his fingers!
eg. 10110 = 16 + 4 + 2 = 22
11001 = 16 + 8 + 1 = 25
15. Sometimes we make mistakes
How to avoid errors.
Mean to send 11100011
Make a mistake on one bit and send
11101011
Can we tell if we have made a mistake?
16. Answer the following questions.
Either tell the truth or lie at most once
Pick a number between 0 and 7
Q1 Is it 4,5,6,7?
Q2 Is it 2,3,6,7?
Q3 Is it 1,3,5,7?
Q4 Is it 1,2,4,7?
Can we find the liar?
17. 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 1 1
2 0 1 0 1
3 0 1 1 0 answer to last question
4 1 0 0 1
5 1 0 1 0
6 1 1 0 0
7 1 1 1 1
If all true there are an: even number of 1s
If one lie there is an: odd number of 1s
Last digit/question is called a parity bit and tells us if we
have made a mistake
19. Once we spot an error we can either
Discard the whole message
…. OR ….
Ask for the information to be sent again
…. OR ….
We can try to correct it
20. Error correcting codes.
Used to store the numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7 and other data
in such a way that any errors can not only be detected but
corrected.
21. Answer the following questions .. You can
either tell the truth or lie at most once
Choose a number 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7
Q1 Is the number 4,5,6,7?
Q2 Is the number 2,3,6,7?
Q3 Is the number 1,3,5,7?
Q4 Is the number 1,3,4,6?
Q5 Is the number 1,2,5,6?
Q6 Is the number 2,3,4,5?
23. Start with a binary number 110110
Telling the truth doesn’t change the number 110110
Lying once changes the number by one digit 100110
Hamming Distance:
Take two binary numbers. How many digits
do we have to change to turn one into the
other?
24. 0 000 000
1 001 110
2 010 011
3 011 101
4 100 101
5 101 011
6 110 110
7 111 000
All are a Hamming distance of
3 apart
Choose the closest number to
the one you are sent. This
must be correct.
Binary number Correcting number
25. Error correcting codes.
Extend these ideas using Finite Field Theory (Galois)
These are widely used in
• CDs
• Digital TV and Radio
• Mobile phones
• Satellites
Invented in the 1940s by
Hamming in the Bell Labs
26. Different types of code are used depending upon
• The Level of noise
• Whether the noise is random or comes in bursts
27. These are used in IPODs
IPOD also compress the information.
28. Instead of sending this message
which has lots of vowels in it which
we don’t really need
W cn snd ths mssg nstd whch ds nt
hv ny vwls t ll
Nw try ths fr yrslf
For example
29. MPEG file also compresses sound waveforms
Decompose into a sum of harmonics. Only store the first few of these
30. The Maths Behind Google
Google searches for information stored on many web-sites.
Web-sites are linked together by a network showing which web-
site points to which other web-site
31. It RANKS web-sites in order of the importance of the information
that they contain.
IDEA. A website is important if lots of other websites link to it.
A website is even more important if it is linked to by lots of
important web-sites.
32. PAGE RANK
Each Web-site has a rank R
Divide R by the number N of web-sites that this web-site links, to get S=R/N
For each web-site, calculate R by adding up the values of S for every web-site that
connects to it.
12
4
9
6
4
4
4
2
2
3
3
9
33. Now do the same for 1 000 000 0000 more
computers
Need to calculate the unit eigenvector of an extremely
large matrix!
And make many $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$