This project deals with the Model and static Analysis of Bracket assembly used in Aerospace Industry. This bracket assembly is used for placing components for various purposes like carrying fuel and air. The mounting bracket assembly consists of a circular plate with nine lugs for which three different tanks are mounted. The individual components i.e., circular plate, lugs etc are modeled and assembled through NX-CAD Software.The loads are transferred by the tanks to the bracket are considered as pressure loads. To reveal the stresses induced due to pressure loads, Finite Element (FE) Analysis is performed with the help of ANSYS. Then the occurrence of max stress is found and factor of safety is calculated. This project provides a methodology for analysis of an assembly consisting of components made of composite materials and metal components.
Design, Analysis & Balancing of 5 Cylinder Engine CrankshaftIJMER
The crankshaft is a backbone of internal combustion engine. So the design & analysis is major
aspects to get high power transmission & efficiency. The selection of material is an important parameter
while designing any mechanical component. The material should be high strength & capacity to absorb
the shocks as well as fatigue. The material also have less wear tendency. The crankshaft should be high
torque transmitting capacity. So to achieve these objectives high carbon steel are used for design &
analysis purpose. This paper gives the idea about analysis as well as proper balancing of weights by using
these three materials. The modelling is done by using solid work software & then analysis by using ANSYS
software with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The 5 cylinder engine gives the power stroke at 144
degree angle. By addition of counterweights & modified design these odd cylinders are balanced properly.
The Finite Element Analysis Method is used to determine stress, strains & deflection at most stressed point
which results into failure of shaft. Results obtained from analysis are used during weight optimization. The
Shaft is analyzed using static analysis. For absorbing vibrations proper damping material is used to
achieve the requirement of safe design. The optimization results into reduction of weight as well as cost
Static Stress Analysis of Connecting Rod Using Finite Element ApproachIOSR Journals
Every vehicle which equipped with internal combustion engine requires connecting rod. In this paper a static stress analysis of connecting rod made up of SS 304 used in Cummins NTA 885 BC engine is conducted, using finite element method. After measuring the dimension of connecting rod, model is developed in CATIA V5 software and imported to ANSYS WORKBENCH 14.0 software. Static analysis is done by fixing the smaller end and load is applied at bigger end of connecting rod. Stress developed at four different sections is used for analysis. Maximum stress point and section prone to failure is finding out by this analysis. Graph between stress and load is plotted at section prone to failure and result of stress analysis is shown with the help of image.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Rocker arms are part of the valve-actuating mechanism. A rocker arm is designed to pivot on a pivot
pin or shaft that is secured to a bracket. The bracket is mounted on the cylinder head. One end of a
rocker arm is in contact with the top of the valve stem, and the other end is actuated by the camshaft.
In installations where the camshaft is located below the cylinder head, the rocker arms
are actuated by pushrods. The lifters have rollers which are forced by the valve springs to follow the
profiles of the cams. Failure of rocker arm is a measure concern as it is one of the important
components of push rod IC engines.Present work finds the various stresses under extreme load
condition. For this we are modeling the arm using design software and the stressed regions are
found out usingAnsys software. Here in this thesis we are observing that by changing different
materials how the stresses are varying in the rocker arm under extreme load condition. And after
comparing results we are proposing best suitable material for the rocker arm under extreme load conditions.
Structural and Thermal Analysis of Metal - Ceramic Disk BrakeIJSRD
Disk brakes are using from so many years in automotive and still researches are going on in this field for decreasing the temperature effect so that by this we can operate easily. Many new materials are introduced for the disk brake rotor to withstand high temperature produced during braking action. Apart from the high temperature property, the disc rotor materials must also have high thermal conductivity property, as this property decides the amount of heat dissipation to the air stream from the disk rotor. A brake material with good temperature and high thermal conductivity property gives maximum efficiency by overcoming the problem of thermo-mechanical instability [TEI] in the rotor which is more common in low thermal conductivity brake rotor material. In the present work, a Grey cast iron material and metal-ceramic has been chosen for the disk brake rotor. Number of methods before already introduced to know the history of the different materials related to disk brakes, analysis will be done in 2d and 3d in analytical and numerical methods. With different types of assumptions these numerical methods ranges from finite differences to finite elements. To conclude the temperature history for the Grey cast iron material, and metal-ceramic, a numerical simulation technique called finite element method is used. Transient analysis is carried out in ANSYS to predict temperature distribution as a function of time in the disk brake rotor. The results from the transient analysis are compared. As the brake rotor can be treated as the coupled field problem, it is mandatory to do structural analysis after performing thermal analysis in ANSYS to study the stability and rigidity behavior of the rotor material. The results from the transient analysis are given as the input to the structural analysis in order to conclude the stress distribution and displacement in disk brake rotor under thermal loading. The stability behavior of different brake rotor material is compared to facilitate the conceptual design of the disk brake system.
Design, Analysis & Balancing of 5 Cylinder Engine CrankshaftIJMER
The crankshaft is a backbone of internal combustion engine. So the design & analysis is major
aspects to get high power transmission & efficiency. The selection of material is an important parameter
while designing any mechanical component. The material should be high strength & capacity to absorb
the shocks as well as fatigue. The material also have less wear tendency. The crankshaft should be high
torque transmitting capacity. So to achieve these objectives high carbon steel are used for design &
analysis purpose. This paper gives the idea about analysis as well as proper balancing of weights by using
these three materials. The modelling is done by using solid work software & then analysis by using ANSYS
software with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method. The 5 cylinder engine gives the power stroke at 144
degree angle. By addition of counterweights & modified design these odd cylinders are balanced properly.
The Finite Element Analysis Method is used to determine stress, strains & deflection at most stressed point
which results into failure of shaft. Results obtained from analysis are used during weight optimization. The
Shaft is analyzed using static analysis. For absorbing vibrations proper damping material is used to
achieve the requirement of safe design. The optimization results into reduction of weight as well as cost
Static Stress Analysis of Connecting Rod Using Finite Element ApproachIOSR Journals
Every vehicle which equipped with internal combustion engine requires connecting rod. In this paper a static stress analysis of connecting rod made up of SS 304 used in Cummins NTA 885 BC engine is conducted, using finite element method. After measuring the dimension of connecting rod, model is developed in CATIA V5 software and imported to ANSYS WORKBENCH 14.0 software. Static analysis is done by fixing the smaller end and load is applied at bigger end of connecting rod. Stress developed at four different sections is used for analysis. Maximum stress point and section prone to failure is finding out by this analysis. Graph between stress and load is plotted at section prone to failure and result of stress analysis is shown with the help of image.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Rocker arms are part of the valve-actuating mechanism. A rocker arm is designed to pivot on a pivot
pin or shaft that is secured to a bracket. The bracket is mounted on the cylinder head. One end of a
rocker arm is in contact with the top of the valve stem, and the other end is actuated by the camshaft.
In installations where the camshaft is located below the cylinder head, the rocker arms
are actuated by pushrods. The lifters have rollers which are forced by the valve springs to follow the
profiles of the cams. Failure of rocker arm is a measure concern as it is one of the important
components of push rod IC engines.Present work finds the various stresses under extreme load
condition. For this we are modeling the arm using design software and the stressed regions are
found out usingAnsys software. Here in this thesis we are observing that by changing different
materials how the stresses are varying in the rocker arm under extreme load condition. And after
comparing results we are proposing best suitable material for the rocker arm under extreme load conditions.
Structural and Thermal Analysis of Metal - Ceramic Disk BrakeIJSRD
Disk brakes are using from so many years in automotive and still researches are going on in this field for decreasing the temperature effect so that by this we can operate easily. Many new materials are introduced for the disk brake rotor to withstand high temperature produced during braking action. Apart from the high temperature property, the disc rotor materials must also have high thermal conductivity property, as this property decides the amount of heat dissipation to the air stream from the disk rotor. A brake material with good temperature and high thermal conductivity property gives maximum efficiency by overcoming the problem of thermo-mechanical instability [TEI] in the rotor which is more common in low thermal conductivity brake rotor material. In the present work, a Grey cast iron material and metal-ceramic has been chosen for the disk brake rotor. Number of methods before already introduced to know the history of the different materials related to disk brakes, analysis will be done in 2d and 3d in analytical and numerical methods. With different types of assumptions these numerical methods ranges from finite differences to finite elements. To conclude the temperature history for the Grey cast iron material, and metal-ceramic, a numerical simulation technique called finite element method is used. Transient analysis is carried out in ANSYS to predict temperature distribution as a function of time in the disk brake rotor. The results from the transient analysis are compared. As the brake rotor can be treated as the coupled field problem, it is mandatory to do structural analysis after performing thermal analysis in ANSYS to study the stability and rigidity behavior of the rotor material. The results from the transient analysis are given as the input to the structural analysis in order to conclude the stress distribution and displacement in disk brake rotor under thermal loading. The stability behavior of different brake rotor material is compared to facilitate the conceptual design of the disk brake system.
ADVANCED TRANSIENT THERMAL AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF DISC BRAKE BY USING ANS...ijiert bestjournal
In these paper structural fields of the solid disc brake during short and emergency braking with four different materials is studied. The distribution of the tempe rature depends on the various factors such as frict ion,surface roughness and speed. The effect of the angular velo city and the contact pressure induces the temperatu re rise of disc brake. The finite element simulation for three -dimensional model was preferred due to the heat fl ux ratio constantly distributed in circumferential direction . Here value of temperature,friction contact power,nodal displacement and deformation for different pressure condition using analysis software with four materi als namely cast iron,cast steel,aluminium and carbon fibre reinforced plastic are taken. Presently the D isc brakes are made up of cast iron and cast steel. With the v alue of simulation result best suitable material fo r the brake drum with higher life span is determined.
Stress Analysis of a Centrifugal Supercharger Impeller Bladeijceronline
A supercharger is an air compressor that increases the pressure or density of air supplied to an internal combustion engine. This gives each intake cycle of the engine more oxygen, letting it burn
more fuel and do more work, thus increasing power. Power for the supercharger can be provided mechanically by means of a belt, gear, shaft, or chain connected to the engine's crankshaft. Superchargers are a type of forced induction system. They compress the air flowing into the engine.
The advantage of compressing the air is that it lets the engine squeeze more air into a cylinder, and more air means that more fuel can be added. Therefore, you get more power from each explosion in each cylinder. Here in this project we are designing the compressor wheel by using Pro-E and doing
analysis by using FEA package. An attempt has been made to investigate the effect of pressure and induced stresses on the blade. By identifying the true design feature, the extended service life and long term stability is assured. A
structural analysis has been carried out to investigate the stresses, strains and displacements of the blade. An attempt is also made to suggest the best material for an blade of a turbocharger by comparing the results obtained for different materials. Based on the results best material is recommended for the blade of a turbocharger
In this paper three different cut patterns of brake disc are studied for heat transfer rate. Heat transfer rate increases with number of cuts in the disc. This is because large area is exposed to air which makes more heat transfer through conduction and convection. But increase in number and size of cuts decreases the strength of disc. And analysed thermally in ANSYS for different material and design created in CREO 3.0.
DESIGN MODIFICATION OF DISC BRAKE AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF IT BY VARYING T...ijsrd.com
Automobile braking system is one of the most important mechanical devices among the others. The disc brake is a device that slows or stops the rotation of a wheel by converting the friction to heat. But if the brakes get too hot, they will cease to work as they cannot dissipate enough heat. This condition of failure is known as brake fade. Disc brakes are exposed to large thermal stresses during routine braking and extraordinary thermal stresses during hard braking. Ventilation applications on disc brake can significantly improve the brake system performance by reducing the heating of the discs. In this study, the thermal behavior as well as the performance of ventilated brake discs using different pattern of holes will be investigated at continuous brake conditions with finite element analysis and the results will be compared with a solid disc.
A review on stress analysis and weight reduction of automobile chassiseSAT Journals
Abstract
Chassis is the term used to define the basic structure of the vehicle. It is also referred to as carrying unit as all the units including
body are mounted on it. There are various loads acting on the chassis like inertia loads, static loads, over loads, etc. also it has to
withstand the forces induced due to sudden braking and acceleration. In this paper a review has been made on the stress analysis
of chassis by finite element analysis software packages like ANSYS, HyperWorks, etc. Weight reduction is gaining importance as
the designers are trying to reduce the excess weight form the existing vehicle design. A review of the various techniques for weight
reduction for the chassis is presented.
Keywords: chassis, finite element analysis, weight reduction, ANSYS
Design & Analysis of a Disc Brake using Feaijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Vibration analysis of industrial air blower usingsagmech24
This paper discusses the end-user complaint area of Industries. In this report, both technically and using a finite element analysis approach, the influence of design parameters on the fan noise frequency of the centrifugal blower impeller are studied. Studies of finite element analysis was conducted to test the theoretical conclusions and also to explore the influence of various configuration alternatives on the fan's noise frequency. The study of the Finite elements implies that the empirical and theoretical results are in strong agreement. The experimental research of numerous fan configurations provides details on the possibilities for noise reduction. Any vibration will still be produced by the operation of some mechanical device. Our goal is to mitigate the influence of these vibrations, since vibration is inevitable although undesirable. From nuisance interruption to a disastrous collapse, the outcome of excess vibration may differ. Any vibration must be produced by all fans. They constantly rotate and, because nothing is ideal, it is important to produce cyclic powers. It is only when a certain amplitude of vibration crosses that we call it evil. Vibration may be merely an indication of any process problem, or it may be a source of other issues. Finally, vibration may propagate into neighboring areas and interact with processes of precision, or cause irritation for individuals. The goal of this thesis is therefore to present centrifugal blower vibration analysis for materials like steel , aluminum and composite (glass / epoxy)
Rocker arms are part of the valve-actuating mechanism. A rocker arm is designed to pivot on a pivot pin or shaft that is secured to a bracket. The bracket is mounted on the cylinder head. One end of a rocker arm is in contact with the top of the valve stem, and the other end is actuated by the camshaft. In installations where the camshaft is located below the cylinder head, the rocker arms are actuated by pushrods. The lifters have rollers which are forced by the valve springs to follow the profiles of the cams. Failure of rocker arm is a measure concern as it is one of the important components of push rod IC engines.Present work finds the various stresses under extreme load condition. For this we are modeling the arm using design software and the stressed regions are found out usingAnsys software. Here in this thesis we are observing that by changing different materials how the stresses are varying in the rocker arm under extreme load condition. And after comparing results we are proposing best suitable material for the rocker arm under extreme load conditions.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Analysis and Estimation of Stiffness of Outer Race of Aircraft Bearingspaperpublications3
Abstract: The prime objective of the project is to determine the stiffness of the outer race of the aircraft bearing used in auxiliary gearbox. The main need of the project reflects in the conclusion derived from the data after calculation and analysis that it gives the minimum necessary value and maximum limits of the dimensions, and stiffness for the given material required for the outer race of the bearing which was designed and analyzed based on the data. Other data such as Bulk modulus, Rigidity modulus etc., could be calculated from the Stiffness found out for the bearing. Here the changes are made to the dimensions of the outer race in the design stage and the results are simulated in software solution, based on which we can reach a conclusion. Respective data for designing the outer race such as dimension, material of the outer race, standard procedures for design and analysis were followed by reference from standard books, papers and under guidance and discretion of respondents at CVRDE.
Keywords: Aircraft Bearings, Loading, Deflection, Moment of inertia, Stiffness.
Title: Analysis and Estimation of Stiffness of Outer Race of Aircraft Bearings
Author: Adithiyan. E. S, Arvind. B, Balaji. C, Elango. M, Mr. Ramaniraj. A
ISSN 2393-8471
International Journal of Recent Research in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (IJRRCME)
Paper Publications
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
Study & Analysis of Knuckle Joint with the Replacement of Material by Using T...IJERA Editor
The rapid growth of technology in recent decades has led to the reduction of cost and weight of materials. The modified system has become popular in industry as well as in research. As a result, this there are reduction in accident and safety has increased. Many systems used in industries use knuckle joint which is combination of two materials: cast iron and stainless steel. Here we are proposing the modification of one of the material that is changing cast iron into a composite polymer material. The proposed system has many advantages over other system such as making the device, simpler and having maximum safety and is ecofriendly. The analysis of the system proves all the above features mention above. The reason for considering polymer is that property of polymer is mostly similar to the property of metal. Composite polymers are characterized by a high flexibility material. The revolutionary evolution in technologies in last year allowed reducing stress and strain. In the present work ANSYS 13 has been used for analysis of knuckle joint with modified material and varying loads.
Design and Implementation of Multibit Flip flops by Using Single Phase Adiaba...IJERA Editor
As technology advances, a system on chip (SOC) design can contain more and more components that lead to a
high power density. Now-a-days in IC's, the power consumed by clocking gradually takes a dominant part. .
Power, Area, Performance has become a main issue in VLSI design. In previous designs they have performed a
co-ordinate transformation to identify the flip-flops that can be merged and their legal regions. A combinational
table is formed by that flip-flops. Finally they used hierarchical way to merge the flip-flops. Due to this design
the power consumption can be reduced by replacing some flip-flops by fewer multi-bit flip-flops. We have
proposed an single phase adiabatic clock in for further reduction of the power. In our design also first we will
identify the mergeable flip-flops, build a combinational table from mergeable flip-flops and all the flip-flops are
divided into sub regions to check whether they are working properly or not and finally these flip-flops are
combined together, at this point we are giving an single phase adiabatic clock as input to those flip-flops for the
reduction of power consumption and timing.
Examination passive defense role in spatial distribution of urban regionIJERA Editor
Cities due to the compact and densely populated urban context and diverse urban networks usually are considered in the wars against ground and air attacks as a barrier. And on the other hand, struggles wanted or unwanted wars have led to the cities and sometimes causing high civilian casualties and damage to the city. Expert and track record militaries believe that urban warfare is one of the hardest battles of the model because of the possibility of resistance in the cities due to high intensive residential context and use different weapons to militants in their application package is limited. However, the military forces moved in is very difficult and may well lead them to the attacker's losses also increase under these conditions. Research methodology in this study was a descriptive - analytical. In this paper, after introducing key items affecting the spatial distribution and role of each one in the establishment and development of urban areas first, it will pay the expression of passive defense and civil defense in Tehran metropolitan area and second, to analyze the role of passive defense and settlement of the spatial distribution of urban infrastructure deals and the strengths and weaknesses of the studies discussed and finally, after a review and analysis of all factors will pay conclusions and provide effective strategies taking into account the spatial distribution and effective passive defense will be the key factor.
Impact of Vehicle Class and Tire Pressure on Pavement Performance in MEPDGIJERA Editor
The new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) design and analysis procedures defines
the exact traffic loading by defining the specific number of each vehicle class and the use of axle load
distribution factors instead of the equivalent single axle load (ESAL). The number of traffic inputs (parameters)
in MEPDG was found to be 17024. This research aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of the predicted flexible
pavement distress to vehicle class and tire pressure in MEPDG. To evaluate the impact of vehicle (truck) class
on pavement sections, different cases of loading were analyzed. For each case, the MEPDG Ver. 1.1 was used to
evaluate the effect of tire pressure by solving each case for a tire pressure of 120 and 140 psi. The effect of the
traffic parameters on asphalt pavement (AC) rutting, base rutting, subgrade rutting, international roughness
index (IRI), longitudinal cracking and fatigue (alligator) cracking were investigated.
It was found that vehicle class distribution (VCD) would cause clear impact (comparable to the effect of
AADTT level) only if the major traffic is of specific class (very light or very heavy). If this is not the case, the
vehicle class distribution will not be a significant factor that affects the final design because most of the trucks
had similar impact on flexible pavement distresses. The impact of tire pressure is clear on longitudinal cracking,
fatigue cracking and AC rutting, and have no significant impact on both base and subgrade rutting.
ADVANCED TRANSIENT THERMAL AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF DISC BRAKE BY USING ANS...ijiert bestjournal
In these paper structural fields of the solid disc brake during short and emergency braking with four different materials is studied. The distribution of the tempe rature depends on the various factors such as frict ion,surface roughness and speed. The effect of the angular velo city and the contact pressure induces the temperatu re rise of disc brake. The finite element simulation for three -dimensional model was preferred due to the heat fl ux ratio constantly distributed in circumferential direction . Here value of temperature,friction contact power,nodal displacement and deformation for different pressure condition using analysis software with four materi als namely cast iron,cast steel,aluminium and carbon fibre reinforced plastic are taken. Presently the D isc brakes are made up of cast iron and cast steel. With the v alue of simulation result best suitable material fo r the brake drum with higher life span is determined.
Stress Analysis of a Centrifugal Supercharger Impeller Bladeijceronline
A supercharger is an air compressor that increases the pressure or density of air supplied to an internal combustion engine. This gives each intake cycle of the engine more oxygen, letting it burn
more fuel and do more work, thus increasing power. Power for the supercharger can be provided mechanically by means of a belt, gear, shaft, or chain connected to the engine's crankshaft. Superchargers are a type of forced induction system. They compress the air flowing into the engine.
The advantage of compressing the air is that it lets the engine squeeze more air into a cylinder, and more air means that more fuel can be added. Therefore, you get more power from each explosion in each cylinder. Here in this project we are designing the compressor wheel by using Pro-E and doing
analysis by using FEA package. An attempt has been made to investigate the effect of pressure and induced stresses on the blade. By identifying the true design feature, the extended service life and long term stability is assured. A
structural analysis has been carried out to investigate the stresses, strains and displacements of the blade. An attempt is also made to suggest the best material for an blade of a turbocharger by comparing the results obtained for different materials. Based on the results best material is recommended for the blade of a turbocharger
In this paper three different cut patterns of brake disc are studied for heat transfer rate. Heat transfer rate increases with number of cuts in the disc. This is because large area is exposed to air which makes more heat transfer through conduction and convection. But increase in number and size of cuts decreases the strength of disc. And analysed thermally in ANSYS for different material and design created in CREO 3.0.
DESIGN MODIFICATION OF DISC BRAKE AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF IT BY VARYING T...ijsrd.com
Automobile braking system is one of the most important mechanical devices among the others. The disc brake is a device that slows or stops the rotation of a wheel by converting the friction to heat. But if the brakes get too hot, they will cease to work as they cannot dissipate enough heat. This condition of failure is known as brake fade. Disc brakes are exposed to large thermal stresses during routine braking and extraordinary thermal stresses during hard braking. Ventilation applications on disc brake can significantly improve the brake system performance by reducing the heating of the discs. In this study, the thermal behavior as well as the performance of ventilated brake discs using different pattern of holes will be investigated at continuous brake conditions with finite element analysis and the results will be compared with a solid disc.
A review on stress analysis and weight reduction of automobile chassiseSAT Journals
Abstract
Chassis is the term used to define the basic structure of the vehicle. It is also referred to as carrying unit as all the units including
body are mounted on it. There are various loads acting on the chassis like inertia loads, static loads, over loads, etc. also it has to
withstand the forces induced due to sudden braking and acceleration. In this paper a review has been made on the stress analysis
of chassis by finite element analysis software packages like ANSYS, HyperWorks, etc. Weight reduction is gaining importance as
the designers are trying to reduce the excess weight form the existing vehicle design. A review of the various techniques for weight
reduction for the chassis is presented.
Keywords: chassis, finite element analysis, weight reduction, ANSYS
Design & Analysis of a Disc Brake using Feaijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Vibration analysis of industrial air blower usingsagmech24
This paper discusses the end-user complaint area of Industries. In this report, both technically and using a finite element analysis approach, the influence of design parameters on the fan noise frequency of the centrifugal blower impeller are studied. Studies of finite element analysis was conducted to test the theoretical conclusions and also to explore the influence of various configuration alternatives on the fan's noise frequency. The study of the Finite elements implies that the empirical and theoretical results are in strong agreement. The experimental research of numerous fan configurations provides details on the possibilities for noise reduction. Any vibration will still be produced by the operation of some mechanical device. Our goal is to mitigate the influence of these vibrations, since vibration is inevitable although undesirable. From nuisance interruption to a disastrous collapse, the outcome of excess vibration may differ. Any vibration must be produced by all fans. They constantly rotate and, because nothing is ideal, it is important to produce cyclic powers. It is only when a certain amplitude of vibration crosses that we call it evil. Vibration may be merely an indication of any process problem, or it may be a source of other issues. Finally, vibration may propagate into neighboring areas and interact with processes of precision, or cause irritation for individuals. The goal of this thesis is therefore to present centrifugal blower vibration analysis for materials like steel , aluminum and composite (glass / epoxy)
Rocker arms are part of the valve-actuating mechanism. A rocker arm is designed to pivot on a pivot pin or shaft that is secured to a bracket. The bracket is mounted on the cylinder head. One end of a rocker arm is in contact with the top of the valve stem, and the other end is actuated by the camshaft. In installations where the camshaft is located below the cylinder head, the rocker arms are actuated by pushrods. The lifters have rollers which are forced by the valve springs to follow the profiles of the cams. Failure of rocker arm is a measure concern as it is one of the important components of push rod IC engines.Present work finds the various stresses under extreme load condition. For this we are modeling the arm using design software and the stressed regions are found out usingAnsys software. Here in this thesis we are observing that by changing different materials how the stresses are varying in the rocker arm under extreme load condition. And after comparing results we are proposing best suitable material for the rocker arm under extreme load conditions.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Analysis and Estimation of Stiffness of Outer Race of Aircraft Bearingspaperpublications3
Abstract: The prime objective of the project is to determine the stiffness of the outer race of the aircraft bearing used in auxiliary gearbox. The main need of the project reflects in the conclusion derived from the data after calculation and analysis that it gives the minimum necessary value and maximum limits of the dimensions, and stiffness for the given material required for the outer race of the bearing which was designed and analyzed based on the data. Other data such as Bulk modulus, Rigidity modulus etc., could be calculated from the Stiffness found out for the bearing. Here the changes are made to the dimensions of the outer race in the design stage and the results are simulated in software solution, based on which we can reach a conclusion. Respective data for designing the outer race such as dimension, material of the outer race, standard procedures for design and analysis were followed by reference from standard books, papers and under guidance and discretion of respondents at CVRDE.
Keywords: Aircraft Bearings, Loading, Deflection, Moment of inertia, Stiffness.
Title: Analysis and Estimation of Stiffness of Outer Race of Aircraft Bearings
Author: Adithiyan. E. S, Arvind. B, Balaji. C, Elango. M, Mr. Ramaniraj. A
ISSN 2393-8471
International Journal of Recent Research in Civil and Mechanical Engineering (IJRRCME)
Paper Publications
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
Study & Analysis of Knuckle Joint with the Replacement of Material by Using T...IJERA Editor
The rapid growth of technology in recent decades has led to the reduction of cost and weight of materials. The modified system has become popular in industry as well as in research. As a result, this there are reduction in accident and safety has increased. Many systems used in industries use knuckle joint which is combination of two materials: cast iron and stainless steel. Here we are proposing the modification of one of the material that is changing cast iron into a composite polymer material. The proposed system has many advantages over other system such as making the device, simpler and having maximum safety and is ecofriendly. The analysis of the system proves all the above features mention above. The reason for considering polymer is that property of polymer is mostly similar to the property of metal. Composite polymers are characterized by a high flexibility material. The revolutionary evolution in technologies in last year allowed reducing stress and strain. In the present work ANSYS 13 has been used for analysis of knuckle joint with modified material and varying loads.
Design and Implementation of Multibit Flip flops by Using Single Phase Adiaba...IJERA Editor
As technology advances, a system on chip (SOC) design can contain more and more components that lead to a
high power density. Now-a-days in IC's, the power consumed by clocking gradually takes a dominant part. .
Power, Area, Performance has become a main issue in VLSI design. In previous designs they have performed a
co-ordinate transformation to identify the flip-flops that can be merged and their legal regions. A combinational
table is formed by that flip-flops. Finally they used hierarchical way to merge the flip-flops. Due to this design
the power consumption can be reduced by replacing some flip-flops by fewer multi-bit flip-flops. We have
proposed an single phase adiabatic clock in for further reduction of the power. In our design also first we will
identify the mergeable flip-flops, build a combinational table from mergeable flip-flops and all the flip-flops are
divided into sub regions to check whether they are working properly or not and finally these flip-flops are
combined together, at this point we are giving an single phase adiabatic clock as input to those flip-flops for the
reduction of power consumption and timing.
Examination passive defense role in spatial distribution of urban regionIJERA Editor
Cities due to the compact and densely populated urban context and diverse urban networks usually are considered in the wars against ground and air attacks as a barrier. And on the other hand, struggles wanted or unwanted wars have led to the cities and sometimes causing high civilian casualties and damage to the city. Expert and track record militaries believe that urban warfare is one of the hardest battles of the model because of the possibility of resistance in the cities due to high intensive residential context and use different weapons to militants in their application package is limited. However, the military forces moved in is very difficult and may well lead them to the attacker's losses also increase under these conditions. Research methodology in this study was a descriptive - analytical. In this paper, after introducing key items affecting the spatial distribution and role of each one in the establishment and development of urban areas first, it will pay the expression of passive defense and civil defense in Tehran metropolitan area and second, to analyze the role of passive defense and settlement of the spatial distribution of urban infrastructure deals and the strengths and weaknesses of the studies discussed and finally, after a review and analysis of all factors will pay conclusions and provide effective strategies taking into account the spatial distribution and effective passive defense will be the key factor.
Impact of Vehicle Class and Tire Pressure on Pavement Performance in MEPDGIJERA Editor
The new Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) design and analysis procedures defines
the exact traffic loading by defining the specific number of each vehicle class and the use of axle load
distribution factors instead of the equivalent single axle load (ESAL). The number of traffic inputs (parameters)
in MEPDG was found to be 17024. This research aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of the predicted flexible
pavement distress to vehicle class and tire pressure in MEPDG. To evaluate the impact of vehicle (truck) class
on pavement sections, different cases of loading were analyzed. For each case, the MEPDG Ver. 1.1 was used to
evaluate the effect of tire pressure by solving each case for a tire pressure of 120 and 140 psi. The effect of the
traffic parameters on asphalt pavement (AC) rutting, base rutting, subgrade rutting, international roughness
index (IRI), longitudinal cracking and fatigue (alligator) cracking were investigated.
It was found that vehicle class distribution (VCD) would cause clear impact (comparable to the effect of
AADTT level) only if the major traffic is of specific class (very light or very heavy). If this is not the case, the
vehicle class distribution will not be a significant factor that affects the final design because most of the trucks
had similar impact on flexible pavement distresses. The impact of tire pressure is clear on longitudinal cracking,
fatigue cracking and AC rutting, and have no significant impact on both base and subgrade rutting.
The behavior of hybrid reinforced concrete after heat resistanceIJERA Editor
This study is trying to provide the behavior of concrete when additional fibers are added under the effect of
evaluated temperatures. Three types of polypropylene fibers are used with different length respectively 3 mm, 6
mm and 12 mm and two types of steel fibers are used of length respectively of 3cm and 5 cm. Hybrid specimens
of concrete are prepared by using two different combinations: 0.5% steel fibers in combination with 0.2%
polypropylene fibers by the volume of concrete; and 0.25% of steel fibers in combination with 0.1%
polypropylene fibers by the volume of concrete. The specimens were subject to different temperatures. An
electric furnace was used to heat the specimens up to 200 0C, 400 0C and 600 0C. The mass loss and compressive
strength were determined by using twelve different mixtures.
Implementing Iris in the Railway Control Office Application for Secure Saas i...IJERA Editor
Technology plays a vital role in each and every part of the world. In particular ―Cloud‖ computing - a
moderately recent term, characterizes the path to develop the advancement in the world of computer science.
Further, Cloud provides an affordable environment for its users through different forms of services such as SaaS
(Software as a service), PaaS (Platform as a service), and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service). Cloud computing is
also an Internet-based computing where a large pool of systems are connected in private or public networks, and
provide dynamically scalable infrastructure for application data as well as file storage. Security of Cloud
computing is an evolving sub-domain of network security, computer security and information security. In spite
of its advantages, Cloud environment has many security flaws such as loss of important data, data leakage and
something related to cloning, resource pooling etc. Security of Cloud Computing is an emerging area for study.
It includes several security and privacy issues with challenges and solutions for many security issues of cloud
computing. The Control Office Application (COA) is the latest addition to train operations related IT application
of Indian Railways. Along with the Freight Operations Information System (FOIS), COA has led to a complete
transformation in train operations and facilitates all information on train operations being computer generated. It
is this application that feeds the National Train Enquiry System (NTES) which provides passengers with up to
date information on train running. COA also provides train operations information to FOIS and ICMS. The
objective of the Indian Railways is to further improve the operations by using technological aids that enable
quicker data capture and intelligent applications that provide better planning and forecasting tools. To overcome
these issues, in Cloud computing, we can use SaaS (software as a service). In this paper, we have proposed a
new IRIS algorithm to authenticate the users of COA software in the cloud environment.
By combining the wireless network and E-commerce, suppliers can provide a more convenient and quicker
service on a human scale for their customers. The main advantages of such services are their high availability,
independence of physical location and time. Mobile commerce raises a number of security and privacy
challenges. However, security has always been the key issue for the development of mobile E-commerce, which
is more vulnerable than the traditional E-commerce mode. . In order to solve the problem of security gap in the
transmission of mobile E-commerce information, a framework based on J2ME/MIDP is proposed, which
combines double layer encryption schemes, stego-image and secure XML messages which transferred between
the mobile terminal and the server. Our method provide strong secure and invisible communication with high
security and high operating efficiency that compatible with many types of mobile terminal.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Laboratory Performance Of Evaporative Cooler Using Jute Fiber Ropes As Coolin...IJERA Editor
Evaporative coolers use a variety of cooling media like wood wool, cellulose, aspen. This paper analyses the performance of jute fiber ropes as alternative cooling media. They are capable of retaining high moisture and have a large wetted surface area. Hot and dry air is allowed to flow over the wet jute rope bank tightly held between two plates which are integral part of two tanks. The inlet conditions of air varied from 30.5 0C dry bulb temperature and 52 % relative humidity to 34.5 0C dry bulb temperature and 32 % relative humidity. Outlet temperature of air is measured and saturation efficiency and cooling capacity are calculated. The outlet dry bulb temperature is obtained between 25.8 0C and 26.2 0C.The saturation efficiencies range from 69 % to 59 % and the cooling capacity is obtained between 6173 kJ/h and 11979 kJ/h. Thus jute fiber ropes prove to be a good alternative cooling media in evaporative cooler.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Radix-2 Algorithms for realization of Type-II Discrete Sine Transform and Typ...IJERA Editor
In this paper, radix-2 algorithms for computation of type-II discrete sine transform (DST-II) and type-IV
discrete sine transform (DST-IV), each of length 2 ( 2,3,.....)
m
N m , are presented. The odd-indexed
output components of DST-II can be realized using simple recursive relations. The recursive algorithms are
appropriate for VLSI implementation. The DST-IV of length N can be computed from type-II discrete cosine
transform (DCT-II) and DST-II sequences, each of length N/2.
Deterministic Assessment of Continuous Flight Auger Construction Durations Us...IJERA Editor
One of the primary functions of construction equipment management is to calculate the production rate of equipment which will be a major input to the processes of time estimates, cost estimates and the overall project planning. Accordingly, it is crucial to stakeholders to be able to compute equipment production rates. This may be achieved using an accurate, reliable and easy tool. The objective of this research is to provide a simple model that can be used by specialists to predict the duration of a proposed Continuous Flight Auger job. The model was obtained using a prioritizing technique based on expert judgment then using multi-regression analysis based on a representative sample. The model was then validated on a selected sample of projects. The average error of the model was calculated to be about (3%-6%).
Language Identification from a Tri-lingual Printed Document: A Simple ApproachIJERA Editor
In a multi-script, multilingual country like India, a document may contain text lines in more than one script/language forms. For such a multi-script environment, multilingual Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system is needed to read the multi-script documents. To make a multilingual OCR system successful, it is necessary to identify different script regions of the document before feeding the document to the OCRs of individual language. With this context, this paper proposes to work on the prioritized requirements of a particular region- Andra Pradesh, a state in India, where any document including official ones, would contain the text in three languages-Telugu, Hindi and English. So, the objective of this paper is to develop a system that should aim to accurately identify and separate Telugu, Hindi and English text lines from a printed multilingual document and also to group the portion of the document in other than these three languages into a separate category OTHERS. The proposed method is developed by thoroughly understanding the nature of top and bottom profiles of the printed text lines. Experimentation conducted involved 900 text lines for learning and 900 text lines for testing. The performance has turned out to be 95.67%.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The purpose of this paper two fold. First and foremost it presents a background narrative on the origins, innovations and applications of novel structural automation technologies and the rarity of experts involved in research, development and practice of this field. The second part of this paper presents a rudimentary framework for a solution addressing this paucity – the creation of an interdisciplinary academic program at PAAET that will be the first ever in the region to address applied information communication technologies ICT in the design, planning, engineering and management of structural automation projects. In doing so, we need also to define the level of implementation. This field, as all fields in ICT, have been loosely defined and most applications carry less weight in its implementation than what should be applied. This paper gives an attempt to define an indexing scheme by which we can easily classify such implementation and generate a ranking by which we can safely define its level of ―Intelligence‖.International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A-Well defined raw material specifications of product and its components, a k...IJERA Editor
New product design and development indeed needs long termvision for better product life and hence to have
better product features the design team has to take into consideration various techno-commercial aspects
todesign and develop most adequate new product. Normally in case of new product design all related activities
are initiated by the team of technicians under the directive jointly given by top and marketing management of
the concerned organization. Due to global competition in the market the product requirements are needed to be
carefully identified so as to make the product more user friendly to the customers. Considering this it is quite
obvious that top priority is for product performance considerations at the same time they have to establish the
product cost to make it more competent in the market. Due to these constraints recently the design and
development function has no more remained the responsibility technocrats but it has become techno-commercial
activity. One should treat this as design and development joint activity to be performed by the dedicated team of
techno-commercial people who are well equipped with sound technical knowledge so as to design the best
possible product. Due to this reason the primary design activity is seen to be interfacing with various
departments such as Marketing, Materials, Tool room ,Manufacturing, Vendor development and many other
related departments and valuable in puts from them are badly needed at the initial phase of product design and
development. This helps in identifying the product needs at various manufacturing stages well in advance. This
ultimately helps the design department to deliver the most adequate product with no operational problems and
product is ready to satisfy customer’s needs which ultimately leads to growth of organization through smooth
product life cycle management.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Modeling and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting Rod by Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Connecting rod is a major link inside of a internal combustion engine. It is the intermediate member
between the piston and the crankshaft. Its primary function is to transmit the push and pull from the piston pin
to the crank pin thus converting the reciprocating motion of piston in to rotary motion of the crank. In this paper
a static analysis is conducted on a connecting rod of a single cylinder 4-stroke petrol engine. The model is
developed using Solid modeling software i.e. PRO/E (creo-parametric). Further finite element analysis is done
to determine the von-misses stresses shear stress and strains for the given loading conditions.
Finite element analysis of single cylinder engineLaukik Raut
This paper deals with, the problem occurred in single cylinder engine crank shaft. It consist of static structural
and fatigue analysis of single cylinder engine crank shaft. It identifies and solves the problem by using the
modeling and simulation techniques. The topic was chosen because of increasing interest in higher payloads,
lower weight, higher efficiency and shorter load cycles in crankshaft. The main work was to model the crank
shaft with dimensions and then simulate the crank shaft for static structural and fatigue analysis. The modeling
software used is PRO-E wildfire 4.0 for modeling the crank shaft. The analysis software ANSYS will be used for
structural and fatigue analysis of crank shaft for future work. The material for crank shaft is EN9 and other
alternate materials on which analysis will be done are SAE 1045, SAE 1137, SAE 3140, and Nickel Cast Iron.
The objectives involves modeling and analysis of crank shaft, so as to identify the effect of stresses on crank
shaft, to compare various materials and to provide possible solution.
Theoretical Analysis of Stress and Design of Piston Head using CATIA & ANSYSinventionjournals
International Journal of Engineering and Science Invention (IJESI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of computer science and electronics. IJESI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Engineering Science and Technology, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Contact Pressure Validation of Steam Turbine Casing for Static Loading ConditionIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Finite Element Analysis and Design Optimization of Connecting RodIJERA Editor
The objective of this study is to improve the design of connecting rod of single cylinder four stroke Otto cycle
engine by shape optimization. The main objective of this study is weight reduction of connecting rod and
improving its performance without affecting its functionality. Finite element analysis is one of the most
important tools of CAD/CAM CAE. For this study ANSYS analysis software is used for modeling, analysis and
shape design optimization. Initially, according to design considerations maximum loads were calculated for
various maximum operating loading conditions. Calculated loads used as a loading condition in various load
steps of FEM analysis. Stresses generated across all the locations of connecting rod evaluated using ANSYS
Workbench. For optimization ANSYS Shape optimization module is used and extracted the required shape of
connecting rod. Final CAD model of optimized connecting rod is prepared in Design Modeler. Static structural
analysis of modified design is performed and the results compared with baseline design. After result are
validated with the help of Modified Goodman’s Diagram. From the shape optimization we could able to achieve
14.73% weight reduction in existing connecting rod. Since the optimized design is having sufficient life, the
design is much improved as compared to the existing design
Design and Analysis Nose Landing Gear SupportIJSRD
Nose landing gear support bracket is one of the main parts in the nose landing gear assembly, whose function is to maintain the stability of the landing gear during the movements. This work is focused on the FEA analysis of support bracket by varying the stress concentration area, The objective of this work is to determine the static and modal analysis of support bracket with different stress concentration areas, then analysis is done using ANSYS WORKBENCH, These results could provide some useful suggestions for design and improvement for the better component
Stress Analysis of FRP Composite Cylinder with Closed EndsIOSR Journals
Composite cylinders made of a polymer matrix such as epoxy reinforced with glass or carbon fibers possess extremely high strength. Proper modeling of FRP composite cylinder is very essential for many applications. FRP composite cylinders are commonly used in the aerospace, automotive, marine and construction industries. The present work is to study the variation of stressesat the top end, middle and bottom end portions of a composite cylinder by varying the diameter to thickness ratio(S) and fiber angle (θ).The four layered angle ply (θ0/-θ0/-θ0/θ0) composite cylinder is considered forthe present work and behavior of each portion (Top end, middle and Bottom end) is studied.For the present work composite cylinder is modeled in ANSYS and analysis was carried out using numerical software. It isfound thatthe increment of stress takes place linearly with respect to D/t ratio due to reduction in thickness of the layer.The critical fiber angle is 45⁰ to 60⁰ as it offers high resistance against axial and circumferential deformation in middle and end portions.
Design, Analysis and Optimization of a 6 cylinder Engine Crank shaftIJMER
This paper deals with; the problem occurred in six cylinders four stroke engine crankshaft. It
consist of static structural analysis of six cylinder engine crank shaft. It identifies and solves the
problem by using the modelling and simulation techniques. The main work was to model the
crankshaft with dimensions and then simulate the crankshaft for static structural analysis. The
topic was chosen because of increasing interest in higher payloads, lower weight, higher efficiency
and shorter load cycles in crankshaft. The modelling software used is Unigraphics-NX7.5 for
modelling the crankshaft. The analysis software ANSYS is used for structural analysis of crankshaft. The
objective involves modelling and analysis of crankshaft, so as to identify the effect of stresses on
crankshaft, to compare various materials and to provide possible solution. Results obtained from the
aforementioned analysis were then used in optimization of the crankshaft. The first step in the
optimization process was weight reduction of the component considering static loading. This required the
stress range under static loading not to exceed the magnitude of the stress range in the original
crankshaft. Possible weight reduction options and their combinations were considered. The optimization
process resulted in a weight reduction, increased strength and a reduced cost of the crankshaft.
Design and Fem Analysis of Car Alloy WheelIJERA Editor
The requirements for improved stiffness, reliability, fatigue life and increased efficiency involves challenges of developing innovative design solutions. The present work mainly focus on the design of car alloy wheel, where the analytical and FEM analysis approach was implemented to analyze baseline design. Initially static analysis was performed to obtain total deformation, strain and the stress of car alloy wheel. Three Dimensional model was created using CATIA and FE software ANSYS was used for discretization and analysis to obtain expected solution. The results were obtained through linear static analysis in terms of Total deformation while Minimum principal stress, Max Principal stress were found to be nearly equal for both 6 arms wheel and 4 arms wheel and 22.16 % of reduction in weight was observed and hence overall weight of the car alloy wheel was optimized.
Probabilistic Design Hollow of Airfoil Wing by Using Finite Element MethodIJERA Editor
This study represents simulation of Airfoil composite beam by using Monte Carlomethod. A three dimensional static analysis of large displacement type has been carried out. Finite element analysis of NACA0012 airfoil composite structure has been carried out and uncertainty in bending stress is analyzed. Bending stress was objective function. Chord length , beam length ,elastic modulus in XY,YZ,XZ,shear modulus of epoxy graphite in in XY,YZ,XZ, ply angle and ply thickness of airfoil section, force are varied within effective range and their effect on bending stress has been analyzed. In order to validate the results, one loop of simulation is benchmarked from results in literature. Ultimately, best set of probabilistic design variable is proposed to reduce bending stress under static loading condition.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
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Modeling and Analysis of Bracket Assembly in Aerospace Industry
1. P. Thameem Banu Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 6, ( Part -1) June 2015, pp.04-08
www.ijera.com 4 | P a g e
Modeling and Analysis of Bracket Assembly in Aerospace
Industry
P. Thameem Banu1
, Dr. R. Satya Meher2
1
M.Tech, Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, QIS College of Engineering & Technology, Ongole
2
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, QIS College of Engineering & Technology, Ongole
ABSTRACT
This project deals with the Model and static Analysis of Bracket assembly used in Aerospace Industry. This
bracket assembly is used for placing components for various purposes like carrying fuel and air. The mounting
bracket assembly consists of a circular plate with nine lugs for which three different tanks are mounted.
The individual components i.e., circular plate, lugs etc are modeled and assembled through NX-CAD
Software.The loads are transferred by the tanks to the bracket are considered as pressure loads. To reveal the
stresses induced due to pressure loads, Finite Element (FE) Analysis is performed with the help of ANSYS.
Then the occurrence of max stress is found and factor of safety is calculated. This project provides a
methodology for analysis of an assembly consisting of components made of composite materials and metal
components.
Keywords: NX-CAD, ANSYS, metal and composite materials.
I. INTRODUCTION:
In this current project the mounting bracket is a
bracket assembly which consist of a circular plate
with nine lugs for mounting three different sizes
tanks. Tanks are filled with fuel and oxygen. These
gases are actually used during propulsion time to
mount these tanks. For that we use composite circular
plate which is made up of carbon composite material.
This assembly usually consists of a circular
plate, lugs and tanks. It is used to mount three tanks
on a composite plate. The circular plate is considered
to be thin (of thickness 11.7mm) and consists of ribs
to increase the strength. On the circular plate, nine
lugs are placed with varied dimensions. On every set
of three lugs, one tank is being inserted. Tanks are
used to carry air and fuel. This whole assembly is
then fixed on a circular ring of the conical section,
which is one of the peripherals of the aerospace
vehicle. As the tanks are fixed on the lugs, the lugs
have to bear the weight of tanks which further acts on
the circular plate and finally on the circular ring,
which is a part of the conical section, also known as
bracket. The load transferred by the tanks to the
conical section is considered as the pressure load. In
order to reveal the stresses induced due to these
pressure loads, static and modal analysis are carried
out to a very high acceleration. Then, the occurrence
of maximum stress is found and factor of safety is
calculated to check whether it is safe or not.
The modeling of the individual components and
assembly is done in the modeling software NX-CAD
and analysis is carried out by using ANSYS 10.0
software.
Fig. 1 Total Bracket Assembly with Tanks
II. PROBLEM DEFINITION
This bracket assembly is used for placing c
omponents for various purposes like carrying fuel
and air. The mounting bracket assembly consists of a
circular plate with nine lugs for which three different
tanks are mounted. The loads are transferred by the
tanks to the bracket are considered as pressure loads.
To reveal the stresses induced due to pressure loads,
Finite Element (FE) Analysis is performed with the
help of ANSYS.
III. METHODOLOGY
The methodology followed in my project is as
follows:
Perform the Design calculations of the mounting
bracket assembly.
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
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Create a 3D model of the mounting bracket
assembly using NX-CAD software.
Perform steady state analysis using ANSYS
software and obtain the deflections and von
mises stresses for aluminum alloy.
Perform steady state analysis using ANSYS
software and obtain the deflections and stresses
for composite materials like HM carbon /epoxy
materials.
Perform steady state analysis using ANSYS
software and obtain the deflections and stresses
for composite materials like HS carbon /epoxy
materials.
Perform steady state analysis using ANSYS
software and obtain the deflections and stresses
for composite materials like BMI carbon /epoxy
materials.
IV. MODELLING OF BRACKET
ASSEMBLY: CIRCULAR PLATE
Initially the circular plate was modeled by using
commands revolve ,extrude, cut of dimensions
516mm as radius and thickness of 11.6 mm. This
circular plate have equal spaced holes of pitch circle
diameter as 1060mm and hole diameter as 8.5mm.
The circular plate has ribs on both sides for
strengthening of plate was extruded by 11.7mm. Now
the total thickness of the plate becomes 35mm. The
length of ribs on top same as plate diameter and
length of ribs on bottom of plate is 512.5mm from
center of plate.
V. SMALL LUG
Then we model the lugs, which are used to place
the tanks. There are two different sizes of tanks. The
smaller one has dimensions of 100*120*50mm.by
using extrudes command. In this lug has a round
corner by using fillet command as per the given
dimension. The lug have holes of same dimensions as
that of holes on the circular plate diameter is 8.6mm
for fixing bolt and nut assembly.
BIG LUG:
The bigger one has dimensions of 198*175*70
mm by using extrudes command. In this lug has a
round corner by using fillet command as per the
given dimension. The lug has holes of same
dimensions as that of holes on the circular plate
diameter is 8.6mm for fixing bolt and nut assembly.
ASSEMBLY:
The components circular plate, big lug and small
lug are assembled by the assembly options with fully
constrains. The following assemble is obtained.
Fig. 2 A 3-D View Total assembly
VI. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF
BRACKET ASSEMBLY
Perform Finite element analysis of a bracket
assembly under pressure loading conditions.
Characteristics of stress distribution and high stress
locations are determined from the analysis.
The 3d model of the bracket assembly is created
in UNIGRAPHICS and converted into parasolid. The
parasolid file is imported into ANSYS and finite
element analysis is carried out using ANSYS
software to perform the structural analysis of the
bracket assembly.
Element Types used:
Name of the Element: SOLID 92
Number of Nodes: 10
DOF: UX, UY & U
Fig. 3 The meshed model of bracket assembly
Boundary Conditions:
All Bolting locations are constrained in all Dof.
Pressure is applied on outer area of lugs of
bracket assembly.
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Fig. 4 Shows the Boundary conditions applied on the
bracket assembly
CASE-1: Static Analysis of Bracket Assembly
with aluminum alloy material:
Material used for bracket assembly is Aluminum
Alloy 24345:
Young’s Modulus: 72GPa
Poisson’s Ratio: 0.3
Density: 2800kg/m3
Yield strength: 420Mpa
Fig. 5 Shows avg deflection of bracket assembly
Fig. 6 Shows max Von Mises stress of bracket
assembly
Table.1 Shows the Deflections and stresses for AL
Alloy 24345
Sl.NO DEFLECTIONS STRESSES
1 X-def 1.639
1st
Principal
stress
293
2 Y-def 2.14
2nd
Principal
stress
113
3 Z-def 0.142
3rd
Principal
stress
90
4
Avg.
def
5.47
Von Mises
Stress
365
From the above results it is observed that the
Von Mises stress (365.15MPa) is less than the yield
strength of the material (420MPa). Hence according
to the Maximum VonMises Stress Theory, the
Bracket Assembly model is safe for the above
operating loads.
CASE-2: Static Analysis of Bracket Assembly
with HM Carbon / Epoxy composite material.
Based on the advantages, the HM Carbon/Epoxy,
materials is selected for composite bracket assembly.
Fig. 7 Shows avg deflection of bracket assembly
Fig. 8 Shows max Von Mises stress of bracket
assembly
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Table.2 Shows the Deflections and stresses for HM
Carbon
Sl.N
O
DEFLECTIONS STRESSES
1 X-def
7.9 1st
Principal
stress
656
2 Y-def
11.7 2nd
Principal
stress
116
3 Z-def
0.29 3rd
Principal
stress
11
4
Avg
def
24.8 Von Mises
stress
699
From the above results it is observed that the
principal stresses values 656MPa, 116MPa, and
11MPa are less than the principal stresses values of
the material 870MPa, 154MPa, and 30MPa with
respectively 1st
, 2nd
and 3rd
principal stresses. Hence
according to the Maximum Stress Theory, the
Bracket Assembly model is safe for the above
operating loads.
CASE-3: Static Analysis of Bracket Assembly
with HS Carbon / Epoxy composite material.
Based on the advantages, the HS Carbon/Epoxy,
materials is selected for composite bracket assembly.
Fig. 9 Shows avg deflection of bracket assembly
Fig. 10 shows max von mises stress of bracket
assembly
Table.3 Shows the Deflections and stresses for HS
Carbon
Sl.
NO
DEFLECTIONS STRESSES
1 X-def
3.8
1st
Principal stress
549
2 Y-def
6.5
2nd
Principal stress
107
3 Z-def
0.2
3rd
Principal stress
19
4
Avg
def
14.2
Von Mises stress
580
From the above results it is observed that the
principal stresses values 584MPa, 102MPa, and
13MPa are less than the principal stresses values of
the material 880MPa, 160MPa, and 97MPa with
respectively 1st
, 2nd
and 3rd
principal stresses. Hence
according to the Maximum Stress Theory, the
Bracket Assembly model is safe for the above
operating loads.
CASE-4: Static Analysis of Bracket Assembly
with BMI Carbon / Epoxy composite material.
Based on the advantages, the BMI composite
material is selected for composite bracket assembly.
Fig. 11 Shows avg deflection of bracket assembly
Fig. 12 Shows max von mises stress of bracket
assembly
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Table.4 Shows the Deflections and stresses for
BMI
Sl.N
O
DEFLECTIONS STRESSES
1 X-def
6.5 1st
Principal
stress
584
2 Y-def
10.7 2nd
Principal
stress
102
3 Z-def
0.28 3rd
Principal
stress
13
4 Avg def
22.8 Von Mises
stress
624
From the above results it is observed that the
principal stresses values 549MPa, 107MPa, and
19MPa are less than the principal stresses values of
the material 765MPa, 168MPa, and 32MPa with
respectively 1st
, 2nd
and 3rd
principal stresses. Hence
according to the Maximum Stress Theory, the
Bracket Assembly model is safe for the above
operating loads.
VII. CONCLUSIONS
In the present project a Bracket Assembly has
been modeled for static loading conditions with
different material properties.
From the above analysis it is concluded that the
Bracket Assembly has stresses and deflections
within the design limits of the aluminum alloy
material and composite materials (HM Carbon
/epoxy, HS Carbon /epoxy and BMI Carbon
/epoxy,).
From the above analysis it is also concluded that
the HS Carbon /epoxy composite Bracket
Assembly model having high factor of safety
(1.4) than the other materials and also have less
weight than the aluminum alloy model, because
of the HS Carbon /epoxy density is less than the
aluminum alloy.
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SAE paper no 2012-01-1874