Cloud Foundry is a platform as a service that provides structure and opinions for software deployment. It uses BOSH to automate infrastructure provisioning and deployment. Applications are deployed through buildpacks that combine code with dependencies. Services can also be provisioned through service brokers and bound to applications. Logging and routing are standardized through components like Loggregator and the router.

1. Structure and Opinions
Software Deployment with
Cloud Foundry
Image credit - http://www.rmeoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/foundry.jpg

2. A little about me
• Andrew Ripka
• @rippmn

3. Cloud Native
DevOps Continuous
Delivery
ContainersMicro services
12 Factor Apps

4. Some Further Reading
https://content.pivotal.io/ebooks

5. Topics
● Structure and Opinions
● Introduction to Cloud Foundry
● The Structure and Opinions of Cloud Foundry

6. Setting the Stage
Structure and Opinions

7. Structured - Stronger Guarantees
Opinionated - More DefaultsLogs
Lumber
Treehouse

8. Structure and Opinions
● Structure - coherent form or organization
● Opinions - Specific Implementation of Something

9. Enterprise Architecture Context
Structure and Opinions
● Structure - Governance
● Opinions - Reference Architecture

10. Conceptual IT Mapping
Structure and Opinions
● Structure - API
● Opinions - API implementation

11. Introduction to Cloud Foundry

12. Cloud Foundry gives companies the speed,
simplicity and control they need to develop and
deploy applications faster and easier.

14. • Platform As a Service
– Polyglot Runtime supporting multiple languages
and frameworks
– Choice of IaaS Providers
– Choice of Application Services

15. https://www.cloudfoundry.org/foundation/
Foundation Driven

16. Certified Distros
https://cloudfoundry.org/certified-platforms/

17. Essential Elements of Enterprise Platform
• Rapid Provisioning
• Rapid Application Deployment & Management
• Scale Horizontally
• Basic Monitoring, Logs & Metrics
• No-downtime platform upgrades
• Dynamic load balancing and routing
• Manage supporting services (data, messaging)
• Failure detection and health remediation
http://blog.cloudfoundry.org/2013/10/24/essential-elements-of-an-enterprise-paas/

18. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSxI9eonBVs
The developer haiku

19. https://blog.pivotal.io/pivotal-cloud-foundry/products/pivotal-cloud-foundrys-roadmap-for-2
The operator haiku

20. Cloud Native Framework
Contract: 12 Factor App
Contract: BOSH Deployment/Release
Contract: Cloud Provider Interface
Culture
Dev
Dev IT
Ops
Applications
Runtime
Platform
Infrastructure Automation
Infrastructure
IT
Ops
IT
Ops
Tools
BOSH
Services

21. Cloud Native Framework
Contract: 12 Factor App
Contract: BOSH Deployment/Release
Contract: Cloud Provider Interface
Culture
Dev
Dev IT
Ops
Applications
Runtime
Platform
Infrastructure Automation
Infrastructure
IT
Ops
IT
Ops
Tools
BOSH
Services

22. The Structures
(and Default Opinions)

23. Cloud Native Framework
Contract: 12 Factor App
Contract: BOSH Deployment/Release
Contract: Cloud Provider Interface
Culture
Dev
Dev IT
Ops
Applications
Runtime
Platform
Infrastructure Automation
Infrastructure
IT
Ops
IT
Ops
Tools
BOSH
Services

24. Infrastructure (as a Service)
Infrastructure Resource Pool
than can be provisioned via
API calls

25. Cloud Native Framework
Contract: 12 Factor App
Contract: BOSH Deployment/Release
Contract: Cloud Provider Interface
Culture
Dev
Dev IT
Ops
Applications
Runtime
Platform
Infrastructure Automation
Infrastructure
IT
Ops
IT
Ops
Tools
BOSH
Services

26. Infrastructure
Automation
via BOSH

27. What Is BOSH?
• BOSH is an open source tool chain for release
engineering, deployment, and lifecycle
management of large-scale distributed services.
• BOSH was specifically developed to facilitate the
deployment of Cloud Foundry
• BOSH Interacts with IaaS via Cloud Provider
Interface (CPI)

28. Cloud Provider Interface
Stemcell
▪ create_stemcell(image, cloud_properties)
▪ delete_stemcell(stemcell_id)
VM
▪ create_vm(agent_id, stemcell_id,
resource_pool, networks, disk_locality, env)
▪ delete_vm(vm_id)
▪ reboot_vm(vm_id)
▪ has_vm(vm_id)
▪ set_vm_metadata(vn_id, metadata)
▪ configure_networks(vm_id, networks)

29. Cloud Provider Interface
Disk
create_disk(size, vm_locality)
delete_disk(disk_id)
attach_disk(vm_id, disk_id)
detach_disk(vm_id, disk_id)
has_disk(disk_id)
get_disks(disk_id, metadata)
Disk Snapshots
snapshot_disk(disk_id, metadata)
delete_snapshot (disk_id)
current_vm_id(vm_id)

30. BOSH Architecture
DB Blob Store
Worker NATS
Health
Monitor
CPI
DirectorCLI
Inner shell
Outer shell
Agents

31. BOSH Delivery Concepts
• Stemcells
• Release
• Deployment

32. Stemcell
• Base OS System
• BOSH Agent
• Same for all Infrastructures
• No specific info about software to be installed
• Wrapped in IaaS packaging that allows fast cloning
▪ vSphere - VMDK
▪ AWS – AMI
▪ Google Compute and Azure - Image

33. Release
• Versioned collection of:
– configuration properties
– configuration templates
– start up scripts
– source code
– binary artifacts
– Other stuff (like config)

34. • Collection of VMs (1 or more)
• Built from stemcells
• Populated with Releases and Persistent Disk
Deployment

35. Deployment Example
Full Example - https://bosh.io/docs/sample-manifest.html

36. Elastic Runtime High Level Architecture
Cloud Foundry Elastic Runtime
Dynamic Router
OAuth 2.0 Server (UAA)
CELL
Garden
Build Packs
Login Server
CC & CC Bridge
Blob Store
BBS/etcd
Sys Log
ServiceBrokers
Collector App Log
ROUTING
AUTHENTICATION
APP LIFECYCLE
APP STORAGE
& EXECUTION
MESSAGING
METRICS & LOGGING
Cloud Foundry BOSH
BBS Converger

37. Cloud Native Framework
Contract: 12 Factor App
Contract: BOSH Deployment/Release
Contract: Cloud Provider Interface
Culture
Dev
Dev IT
Ops
Applications
Runtime
Platform
Infrastructure Automation
Infrastructure
IT
Ops
IT
Ops
Tools
BOSH
Services

38. Cloud Controller
• Restful API to allow clients to access platform functionality
• Several Clients exist to call functionality
– Command Line Interface
– Apps Manager
– IDE Plugins

39. Cloud Controller API
http://apidocs.cloudfoundry.org

40. Cloud Foundry CLI
• CLI is a RESTful client to Cloud Controller
• Commands Structured as CF <<command>> <<parameters>>
• Built in Architecture for Plugin extensions
• Getting help
– cf –h returns available commands
– cf <<command>> -h returns help for a specific command
• Includes ability to write plugins to extend

41. Application Deployment

42. Applications
Source code and application frameworks used by developers to
create application
– Java/Spring
– Ruby/Rails
– JavaScript for Node.js
– .Net
– others

43. Automate App Deployments
Step 1 - Upload
Upload application files
via the Platform
Controller API
Step 2 - Stage
Take application files and
package with other
dependencies into the
container file
Step 3 - Distribute
Platform controller
schedules (assigns) the
container to cluster cell
Step 4 - Run
Assigned cluster cell starts
application using provided
metadata and informs the
platform load balancer/router
that application traffic can be
routed to container endpoint

44. Buildpacks
• A Buildpack is a combination of scripts that will combine the application
with the frameworks and runtimes necessary to deploy
• Written as scripts that:
– Detect if buildpack should be applied
– Compile container file by combining application code and defined
runtime components
– Release describe how app container can be deployed to an assigned
container host
• Installed into a Cloud Foundry instance or loaded from an external
location

45. Services
• Services are an add on that can be provisioned to provide
service an application
– Databases (MySQL, Mongo, Redis) and Rabbit MQ
• Marketplace service instances are created and bound using a
Service Broker
• Bound services connection information is placed in
application environment variable

46. Service Broker
• Restful endpoint that provides contract allowing self service
creation and binding to apps by authorized users
– create
– delete
– bind
– unbind
– catalog

47. • Loggregator
• Route Services
• Container Networking
• Credential Storage Management and Rotation
Other Structures and Opinions

48. • Applications write logs to STDOUT and STDERR
• Relevant Cloud Foundry component events added to
application stream
• Log events collected, collated, and expose via API and the
firehose
• API Allows application users and operators to:
– Tail their application logs
– Dump a recent set of application logs
– Continually drain their application logs to 3rd party log
archive and analysis service
Loggregator

49. • Enable automatic insertion of
services into the request path
for applications configured for
specific needs
• Use Cases
– API Gateway
– Security Gateways
– Anayltics
Route Services
Client
Route Service
Router App
Service
Broker

50. • Provides mean to
communication between
containers via a SDN
provider
• CNI API used to provide
common interaction across
SDN Providers
Container Networking Control

51. A central point of control for
credential
• Generation
• Storage
• lifecycle management
• access control
• access event logging
CredHub

52. Any Questions?
http://i.onionstatic.com/avclub/6077/85/16x9/960.jpg