MNAssociationEnterpriseArchitectsCloudFoundryJuly2017

Structure and Opinions
Software Deployment with
Cloud Foundry
Image credit - http://www.rmeoc.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/foundry.jpg

A little about me
• Andrew Ripka
• @rippmn

Cloud Native
DevOps Continuous
Delivery
ContainersMicro services
12 Factor Apps

Some Further Reading
https://content.pivotal.io/ebooks

Topics
● Structure and Opinions
● Introduction to Cloud Foundry
● The Structure and Opinions of Cloud Foundry

Setting the Stage

Structured - Stronger Guarantees
Opinionated - More DefaultsLogs
Lumber
Treehouse

● Structure - coherent form or organization
● Opinions - Specific Implementation of Something

Enterprise Architecture Context
● Structure - Governance
● Opinions - Reference Architecture

Conceptual IT Mapping
● Structure - API
● Opinions - API implementation

Cloud Foundry gives companies the speed,
simplicity and control they need to develop and
deploy applications faster and easier.

• Platform As a Service
– Polyglot Runtime supporting multiple languages
and frameworks
– Choice of IaaS Providers
– Choice of Application Services

https://www.cloudfoundry.org/foundation/
Foundation Driven

Certified Distros
https://cloudfoundry.org/certified-platforms/

Essential Elements of Enterprise Platform
• Rapid Provisioning
• Rapid Application Deployment & Management
• Scale Horizontally
• Basic Monitoring, Logs & Metrics
• No-downtime platform upgrades
• Dynamic load balancing and routing
• Manage supporting services (data, messaging)
• Failure detection and health remediation
http://blog.cloudfoundry.org/2013/10/24/essential-elements-of-an-enterprise-paas/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSxI9eonBVs
The developer haiku

https://blog.pivotal.io/pivotal-cloud-foundry/products/pivotal-cloud-foundrys-roadmap-for-2
The operator haiku

Cloud Native Framework
Contract: 12 Factor App
Contract: BOSH Deployment/Release
Contract: Cloud Provider Interface
Culture
Dev
Dev IT
Ops
Applications
Runtime
Platform
Infrastructure Automation
Infrastructure
IT
Ops
IT
Ops
Tools
BOSH
Services

The Structures
(and Default Opinions)

Infrastructure (as a Service)
Infrastructure Resource Pool
than can be provisioned via
API calls

Infrastructure
Automation
via BOSH

What Is BOSH?
• BOSH is an open source tool chain for release
engineering, deployment, and lifecycle
management of large-scale distributed services.
• BOSH was specifically developed to facilitate the
deployment of Cloud Foundry
• BOSH Interacts with IaaS via Cloud Provider
Interface (CPI)

Cloud Provider Interface
Stemcell
▪ create_stemcell(image, cloud_properties)
▪ delete_stemcell(stemcell_id)
VM
▪ create_vm(agent_id, stemcell_id,
resource_pool, networks, disk_locality, env)
▪ delete_vm(vm_id)
▪ reboot_vm(vm_id)
▪ has_vm(vm_id)
▪ set_vm_metadata(vn_id, metadata)
▪ configure_networks(vm_id, networks)

Cloud Provider Interface
Disk
create_disk(size, vm_locality)
delete_disk(disk_id)
attach_disk(vm_id, disk_id)
detach_disk(vm_id, disk_id)
has_disk(disk_id)
get_disks(disk_id, metadata)
Disk Snapshots
snapshot_disk(disk_id, metadata)
delete_snapshot (disk_id)
current_vm_id(vm_id)

BOSH Architecture
DB Blob Store
Worker NATS
Health
Monitor
CPI
DirectorCLI
Inner shell
Outer shell
Agents

BOSH Delivery Concepts
• Stemcells
• Release
• Deployment

Stemcell
• Base OS System
• BOSH Agent
• Same for all Infrastructures
• No specific info about software to be installed
• Wrapped in IaaS packaging that allows fast cloning
▪ vSphere - VMDK
▪ AWS – AMI
▪ Google Compute and Azure - Image

Release
• Versioned collection of:
– configuration properties
– configuration templates
– start up scripts
– source code
– binary artifacts
– Other stuff (like config)

• Collection of VMs (1 or more)
• Built from stemcells
• Populated with Releases and Persistent Disk
Deployment

Deployment Example
Full Example - https://bosh.io/docs/sample-manifest.html

Elastic Runtime High Level Architecture
Cloud Foundry Elastic Runtime
Dynamic Router
OAuth 2.0 Server (UAA)
CELL
Garden
Build Packs
Login Server
CC & CC Bridge
Blob Store
BBS/etcd
Sys Log
ServiceBrokers
Collector App Log
ROUTING
AUTHENTICATION
APP LIFECYCLE
APP STORAGE
& EXECUTION
MESSAGING
METRICS & LOGGING
Cloud Foundry BOSH
BBS Converger

Cloud Controller
• Restful API to allow clients to access platform functionality
• Several Clients exist to call functionality
– Command Line Interface
– Apps Manager
– IDE Plugins

Cloud Controller API
http://apidocs.cloudfoundry.org

Cloud Foundry CLI
• CLI is a RESTful client to Cloud Controller
• Commands Structured as CF <<command>> <<parameters>>
• Built in Architecture for Plugin extensions
• Getting help
– cf –h returns available commands
– cf <<command>> -h returns help for a specific command
• Includes ability to write plugins to extend

Applications
Source code and application frameworks used by developers to
create application
– Java/Spring
– Ruby/Rails
– JavaScript for Node.js
– .Net
– others

Automate App Deployments
Step 1 - Upload
Upload application files
via the Platform
Controller API
Step 2 - Stage
Take application files and
package with other
dependencies into the
container file
Step 3 - Distribute
Platform controller
schedules (assigns) the
container to cluster cell
Step 4 - Run
Assigned cluster cell starts
application using provided
metadata and informs the
platform load balancer/router
that application traffic can be
routed to container endpoint

Buildpacks
• A Buildpack is a combination of scripts that will combine the application
with the frameworks and runtimes necessary to deploy
• Written as scripts that:
– Detect if buildpack should be applied
– Compile container file by combining application code and defined
runtime components
– Release describe how app container can be deployed to an assigned
container host
• Installed into a Cloud Foundry instance or loaded from an external
location

Services
• Services are an add on that can be provisioned to provide
service an application
– Databases (MySQL, Mongo, Redis) and Rabbit MQ
• Marketplace service instances are created and bound using a
Service Broker
• Bound services connection information is placed in
application environment variable

Service Broker
• Restful endpoint that provides contract allowing self service
creation and binding to apps by authorized users
– create
– delete
– bind
– unbind
– catalog

• Loggregator
• Route Services
• Container Networking
• Credential Storage Management and Rotation
Other Structures and Opinions

• Applications write logs to STDOUT and STDERR
• Relevant Cloud Foundry component events added to
application stream
• Log events collected, collated, and expose via API and the
firehose
• API Allows application users and operators to:
– Tail their application logs
– Dump a recent set of application logs
– Continually drain their application logs to 3rd party log
archive and analysis service
Loggregator

• Enable automatic insertion of
services into the request path
for applications configured for
specific needs
• Use Cases
– API Gateway
– Security Gateways
– Anayltics
Route Services
Client
Route Service
Router App
Service
Broker

• Provides mean to
communication between
containers via a SDN
provider
• CNI API used to provide
common interaction across
SDN Providers
Container Networking Control

A central point of control for
credential
• Generation
• Storage
• lifecycle management
• access control
• access event logging
CredHub

Any Questions?
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MNAssociationEnterpriseArchitectsCloudFoundryJuly2017

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