The document discusses the concept of a turbojet-powered locomotive, highlighting its potential benefits such as reducing travel time and air pollution. It outlines several experimental jet-powered trains, their specifications, and performance achievements, including the M-497 and LIMRV. The document also compares jet fuel and diesel fuel, and details the advantages of using jet fuel in these applications.

1. MINI PROJECT

2. Jet Engine Powered Locomotive
• A turbojet train is a train powered by turbojet engines. Like
a jet aircraft, but unlike a gas turbine locomotive, the train
is propelled by the jet thrust of the engines, rather than by
its wheels. Only a handful of jet-powered trains have been
built, for experimental research in high-speed rail.
• Turbojet engines have been built with the engine
incorporated into a railcar combining both propulsion and
passenger accommodation rather than as separate
locomotives hauling passenger coaches.
• As turbojet engines are most efficient at high speeds[note
1], the experimental research has focused in applications
for high-speed passenger services, rather than the heavier
trains (with more frequent stops) used for freight services.

3. Benefits of Jet Engine Powered
Locomotive
• Improve quality of life by cutting travel time.
• Reduce air pollution
• Reduce traffic congestion
• Provide a “safety valve” for crowded cities
• May reduce the problem of unavailability of
confirm tickets in Indian Railways.
• Rapid Two and Fro Movement of people,
goods and services between any two long
distance cities.

4. Previous Attempts
• The M-497
The first attempt to use turbojet engines on a
railroad was made in 1966 by the New York
Central Railroad (NYCR). They streamlined
a Budd Rail Diesel Car, added two General
Electric J47-19 jet engines. Testing was
performed on a 25 mi (40 km) length. On July
23, 1966, the train reached a speed of 184
miles per hour (296 km/h)
• LIMRV
In the early 1970s, the U.S. Federal Railroad
Administration developed the Linear Induction
Motor Research Vehicle (LIMRV). Two Pratt &
Whitney J52 jet engines to propel the LIMRV. On
14 August 1974, using the jet engines, the
LIMRV achieved a world record speed of
255.7 mph (411.5 km/h).

5. Previous Attempts
• The SVL
The In 1970, researchers in the USSR developed
the High-speed Laboratory Railcar (SVL)
turbojet train.
The SVL was able to reach a speed of 250
kilometres per hour (160 mph).
The researchers placed jet engines on an ER22
railcar.

6. Why These Locomotives Failed?
• Because they used the conventional type Jet
Engine on locomotive which is not having
synchronous specification :-
• But Nowadays Jet Engine with synchronous
specification are available.

7. Specifications (J47-GE-25) : Used in M497
General characteristics
Type: turbojet
Length: 145 inches (370 cm) (with tailcone)
Diameter: 36.75 inches (93.3 cm) maximum
Dry weight: 2,554 pounds (1,158 kg) dry, equipped
Components
Compressor: 12-stage axial compressor
Turbine: single-stage axial
Fuel type: JP-1, JP-2, JP-3, JP-4 or MIL-F-5572 gasoline
Oil system: pressure feed spray with scavenge
Performance
Maximum thrust: 5,970 lbf (26.56 kN) at 7950 rpm ; 6,970 lbf (31.00 kN) with water
injection
Overall pressure ratio: 5.35
Air mass flow: 92 lb/s (42 kg/s)
Specific fuel consumption: 1.014 lb/(lbf⋅h) (28.7 g/(kN⋅s))
Thrust-to-weight ratio: 2.34 at take-off dry power

8. Specifications(J52-P-408) :Used in LIMRV
General characteristics
Type: turbojet
Length: 118 in (300 cm)
Diameter: 38 in (96.5 cm)
Dry weight: 2,318 lb (1,052 kg)
Components
Compressor: axial flow, 5-stage LP, 7-stage HP
Turbine: single stage HP, single stage LP
Fuel type: JP-4
Performance
Maximum thrust: 11,200 lbf (50 kN)
Overall pressure ratio: 14.6 : 1
Air mass flow: 143 lb/s
Specific fuel consumption: 0.79 lb/(lbf⋅h) (22 g/(kN⋅s))
Thrust-to-weight ratio: 4.83

9. We Have Selected the Engine Honda Jet HA
-420 (GE Honda HF120)HondaJet
Crew: 1 - 2 crew members
Capacity: 5 - 6 passengers
Length: 42.62 ft (12.99 m)
Wingspan: 39.76 ft (12.12 m)
Height: 14.90 ft (4.54 m)
Height: 4.80 ft (1.46 m)
Length: 17.80 ft (5.43 m)
Width: 5.00 ft (1.52 m)
Total: 66 cubic feet
Within aft section: 57 cubic feet
Within nose section: 9 cubic feet
2 × GE Honda HF120 turbofan engines,2,050 lbf (9.12 kN) thrust each (Bypass
Ratio= 2.9)
Maximum cruise speed: 483 mph (420 KTAS) TAS 778 km/h at FL300
Maximum cruise altitude: 43,000 ft (FL430)
Range: 1,180 nautical miles; (1,358 mi; 2,185 km) NBAA IFR (4 occupants)
Rate of climb: 3,990 ft/min (20.27 m/s)

10. Specifications(GE Honda HF120)
General characteristics
Type: Turbofan engine
Length: 59.5 in (151 cm) (end-to-end)
Diameter: 25.8 in (66 cm)
Dry weight: 211.3 kg (466 lb) with basic accessories and optional equipment
Components
Compressor: One wide-chord fan, two axial LP stages, one centrifugal HP stage.
Combustors: Compact reverse flow annular
Turbine: One axial HP stage (48,777 rpm), two axial LP stages (19,055 rpm).
Performance
Maximum thrust: 2,050 lbf (9.1 kN) (Takeoff)
Overall pressure ratio: 24:1
Bypass ratio: 2.9:1
Turbine inlet temperature: 1,580 °F (860 °C) (Takeoff)
Specific fuel consumption: <0.7 lb/lbf/h (71 kg/kN/h)
Thrust-to-weight ratio: 4.4

11. Comparison: Jet Fuel & Diesel
Composition
• Jet fuel of types A and A-1 is composed of mostly kerosene, and
Jet B is a naptha-kerosene mix
• Diesel gas is approx. 75 percent kerosene, with added lubricants
and a low-sulfur content.
Weight
• Diesel gas is heavier than jet fuel, with a higher number of
slightly larger hydrocarbon
• Jet Fuel is less viscous than Diesel
Additives
• Jet fuel often has antifreeze and anti-microbial agents, static
dissipaters and corrosion inhibitors added
• Diesel has lubricant additives to promote healthy engine
function

12. Advantages of Jet Fuel
• Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF), used in aircraft,
costs less than petrol and diesel as the
common man auto fuels attract higher excise
duty.
• Jet Fuel has a higher energy content per unit
volume (Approximately 128000 Btu/gal for jet
fuel.
• Jet Fuel is less volatile than gasoline, reducing
handling danger and enhancing safety.