This document provides an overview of mind reading computer technology. It discusses how mind reading works using functional near-infrared spectroscopy to measure blood oxygen levels in the brain. The technology could be used for applications like emergency braking in cars to detect driver drowsiness or distraction. While it offers advantages like helping paralyzed patients, there are also disadvantages like potential privacy breaches if sensitive thoughts or information are extracted. The document concludes that more research is still needed before computers can reliably predict human behavior based on brain activity readings.

1. MIND READER COMPUTER
Guided by: Presented by:
V P Vinturaj Raees Nihal
Lecturer In Electronic S5 El, Roll No: 27
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2. CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS MIND READING ?
 WHY MIND READING ?
 HOW DOES IT WORK ?
 APPLICATION
 ADVANTAGES AND USES
 DISADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCE
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3. INTRODUCTION
 People express their mental states, including
emotions, thoughts and desires, all the time
through facial expression, vocal nuances and
gestures. This is true when they are
interacting with machines.
 Mind reading machine is co-ordination of
human psychology and computer techniques.
 Some equipment are used to gather data and
then analyzed. To use those data for further
prediction of mind is known as theory of
mind reading.
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4.  The ability to attribute mental states to others
from their behavior and to use that
knowledge to guide our own actions and
predict those of others is know as theory of
mind or Mind Reading.
 Existing human-computer interfaces are
mind –blind, oblivious to the user’s mental
states and intentions.
 Even they do not take the initiative, like the
now retired Microsoft Paperclip, they are
often misguided and irrelevant and simply
frustrate the user.
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5. WHAT IS MIND READING?
 Drawing inspirational from psychology,
computer vision and machine learning has
developed mind reading machine computers.
 Using a digital video camera, the
mindreading computer system analyzes a
person’s underlying mental state.
 Prior knowledge of how particular mental
states are expressed in the faces is combined
with analysis of facial expressions and head
gestures occurring in real-time, its very use
full for future.
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6.  Software from Nevenvision identifies 24
feature points on the face and tracks them
in real time.
 The relationship between observable head
and facial displays and the corresponding
hidden mental states over time is modeled
using Dynamic Bayesian Networks.
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7. WHY MIND READING?
 The Mind Reading computer system presents
information about mental state as easily as a
keyboard and mouse present text and
commands.
 Current projects in Cambridge are
considering further inputs such as body
postures and gestures to improve the
interference.
 We are also looking at the use of mind
reading to supporting on-line shopping and
learning systems.
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8.  The mind reading computer system may also
be used to monitor and suggest
improvements in human-human interaction.
 The Affective Computing Group at the MIT
media laboratory is developing an emotional-
social intelligence prosthesis that explores
new technologies to augment and improve
people’s social interactions and
communication skills.
 To implement this system in cars, to detect
driver’s mental states such as drowsiness,
distraction and anger.
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9. Monitoring a car driver
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10. HOW DOES IT WORK ?
Futuristic Head Band:
 The mind reading actually involves
measuring the volume and oxygen level of
the blood around the subject’s brain using
technology called functional near-infrared
spectroscopy(FNIRS).
 The user wear’s a futuristic head band that
sends light in that spectrum into the
tissues of the head where it is absorbed by
active, blood filled tissues.
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11. FUTURISTI HEADBAND
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12. PROCESS:
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13.  The result are often compared to an MRI,
but can be gathered with light weight,
non-invasive equipments.
 Wearing the FNIRS sensor, experimental
subject were asked to count the number of
squares on a rotating on screen cube and
to perform other tasks.
 Measuring mental workload, frustration
and distraction is typically limited to
qualitatively observing computer users.
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14.  Preliminary result show that using
buttonised sensor.
 Biological signals arise when reading or
speaking to oneself with or without actual
lip or facial movement.
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15. WEB SEARCH:
 For the first test of sensor
scientists trained the program o
recognize six words-including
“go”, “left” and “right” -10
numbers.
 Then researched put the letters of
the alphabets in to a matrix with
each column and row labeled
with a single digit number.
 These were used to silently spell
“NASA” into a web search
engine using program.
 This proved we could browse the
web without touching a keyword.
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16. 1.NEUROSCIENCE
 It deals with anatomy and molecular
biology of neurons.
 A neurons is a nerve cell that is the basic
building block of the nervous system.
Neurons are specialized to transmit
information through the body.
 It is done by measuring oxygen level of
blood using FNIRS.
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17. 2. TECHNIQUES:
Facial effect detection
it is done using hidden Markov Model,
Neural Network processing or active
appearance model.
Emotional classification
classification by Pual Ekman Anger, Fear,
Happiness, Disgust, Sadness, Surprise.
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18. Facial Electromyography:
it is used to measure electrical activity of
the facial muscles. Muscles used are
“corruguators surpercilii muscle” and
others.
Galvanic Skin Response:
it is a measure of skin conductivity,
which is dependent on how moist the skin
is.
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19. Blood volume pulse:
 it is measured by process called
photoplethysmography.
 it produce a graphic indicating blood flow
through the extremities.
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20. APPLICATION
1. Mind –reading computers could ‘save
your life’
2. Emergency
3. Control robots by brain power
4. Mind-reading Technology speeds Ahead
5. The mind-reading computer that could
communicate with coma patients
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21. Mind-reading computers could ‘save
your life’
 Devices allowing people o write letters or
play pinball using just the power of their
brains have become a major draw at the
world’s biggest-high tech fair.
 Scientists are researching ways to monitor
motorist’s brain wave to improve reaction
time in crash.
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22. EMERGENCY
 In an emergency stop situation, the brain
activity kicks in on average around 200
milliseconds before even an alert driver can
hit the brake.
 There is no question of braking
automatically for a driver – “we would never
take away that kind of control,” said
Tangermann.
 Using this brain-wave monitoring
technology, a car can also tell whether the
driver is drowsy or not, potentially warning
him or her to take a break.
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23. CONTROL ROBOTS BY BRAIN
POWER:
 Another device allows users to control
robots by brain power. The small box has
lights flashing at different frequencies at
the four points of the compass.
 The user concentrates on the
corresponding light, depending on
whether he wants the robot to move up,
down, left or right and the brainwaves
generated by viewing that frequency are
monitored and the robot is controlled.
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24. MIND–READING TECHNOLOGY
SPEEDS AHEAD
 By scanning blogs of brain activity,
scientist may be able to decode people’s
thoughts, dreams and intention by Kerri
Smith and Nature Magazine.
 Jack Gallant perches on the edge of the
swivel chair in his lab at the university of
California, Berkeley, fixated on the screen
of a computer that is trying to decode
someone’s thoughts.
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25. THE MIND-READING COMPUTER
THAT COULD COMMUNCATE WITH
COMA PATIENTS:
 Canadian researchers have developing a
mind- reading computer that could help
communicate with people in a coma.
 The University of Western Ontario
researchers used Neuroimaging to read
human thoughts via brain activity when they
are conveying specific ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answers.
 The team say their research could lead to
dramatic new ways of attempting to
communicate with patients vegetative state.
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26. ADVANTAGES AND USES
 Can read minds
 Helps paralytic patients
 Helps Handicapped patients
 Help comma patients
 Help people who can’t speak
 Can be used for military purposes and sting
operations
 Can be combined with consoles and used for
mind gaming, robotic and stuff.
 Eliminate the capability to lie
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27.  This device doesn’t give your MIND BULLETS
(apologies to tenacious D) but it does allow people
who can’t use other wheelchairs get around easier.
 The system could send commands to rovers on the
planets, help injured astronauts control machines, or
aid disabled people.
 The finding raises issues about the applications of
such tools for screening suspected terrorists as well as
for predicting future dangerousness more generally.
 The day when computers will be able to recognize the
smallest units in the English language-the 40-odd
basic sounds ( or phonemes out of which all words or
verbalized thoughts can be constructed.
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28. DISADVANTAGES AND
PROBLEMS
 Breach in privacy
 Can extract, through an individual, an
important, secure and confidential
information of individual, state or even a
country
 If developed or used by sinners, can be
highly dangerous
 Eavesdropping
 No way to neutralize this technology
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29.  Nor is society deal with the ethical and practical
problems posed by the system that classifies and
categorizes people based on oxygen flow, genetics
and environmental factors that are correlated as
much as poverty as with future criminality.
 In the case, neuroscience may produce reliable
behavior predictions. But until then, we should
take the lessons of science fiction to heart when
deciding how to use new predictive techniques.
 Max Planck institute, neuroscience and bioscience
are not at a point where we can reliably predict
human behavior
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30. CONCLUSION:
 Tufts universities researchers have begun a
three years research project which, if
successful, will allow computers to respond
to the brain activity of the computers users.
 Users wear a futuristic looking head bands to
shine light on their foreheads and then
perform a serious of increasingly difficult
task while the device reads what parts of the
brain are absorbing the light that info is then
transferred to the computer and from there
the computer and just its interface and
functions to each individual.
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31. REFERENCES:
 blog.marcelotoldo.org/2007/10
 PPT presentation of Anjali Agarwal
 Google search engine
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32. THANK YOU