2. At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
Understand the law of demand
Explain the determinants of supply.
Draw the demand curve
3. 3.0 SUPPLY
Firms build the factories, hire workers, and buy the
materials because they believe it will be profitable
to do so.
Supply decision thus depend on the profit
potential.
Quantity supplied of any good is the amount that
sellers are willing to sell in the market
5. 3.2 THE LAW OF SUPPLY
There is a direct relationship between price
and quantity supplied.
Quantity supplied rises as price rises, other things
constant.
Quantity supplied falls as price falls, other things
constant.
Quantity supplied is positively related to the price of
the good
6. 3.3 THE SUPPLY CURVE
The supply curve is the graphic representation
of the law of supply.
The supply curve slopes upward to the right.
The slope tells us that the quantity supplied
varies directly – in the same direction – with
the price.
9. Change in quantity
supplied (a movement
along the curve)
Change in Quantity Supplied
Price
(per
unit)
Quantity supplied (per unit of time)
S0
$15
A
1,250 1,500
B
14. Another examples :
The supply curve can shift position
If the supply curve shifts to the right, this is
an increase in supply; more is provided for
sale at each price
If the supply curve moves inwards, there is
a decrease in supply meaning that less will
be supplied at each price
15.
16.
17. Determinant of shift in market
supply
1.Changes in the costs of production
Lower costs of production mean that a business can
supply more at each price.
2.Changes in technology
Production technologies can change quickly and in
industries where change is rapid we see increases in
supply and lower prices for the consumer.
3.Government taxes and subsidies and regulations
indirect taxes cause an increase in production costs - an
inward shift of supply
Subsidies bring about a fall in supply costs – an outward
shift of supply
18. 4.Changes in climate in agricultural industries
A substitute in production is a product that
could have been supplied using the same
resources.
If cocoa prices rise for example this may cause
some farmers to switch from other crops and
invest money in establishing new cocoa
plantations.
5.Change in the prices of a substitute in
production
When new businesses enter a market, supply