The microcontroller instruction set includes instructions for flow control, logic, arithmetic, and data movement. It supports operations on registers and direct or indirect addressed memory locations. The instruction set is encoded in an 8-bit format and includes operations that affect the processor status flags.
This document provides information about the instruction set of a microcontroller. It includes two summaries:
1. The first summary lists instructions and describes how they affect flag settings in the microcontroller's status register, such as the carry and overflow flags.
2. The second summary is a table that provides details about the microcontroller's instruction set. It lists instructions, describes their operation, and specifies the number of bytes and oscillator periods each instruction requires. The table is divided into sections for arithmetic, logical, branching, and other operations.
The document as a whole provides low-level technical specifications about a microcontroller's instruction set, including how instructions are encoded, how they modify status register flags, and their timing
The document provides information about a microcontroller instruction set including:
- Instructions that affect flag settings and how they modify the flags.
- The instruction set and addressing modes which include registers, direct addressing, indirect addressing, constants, and branches.
- A summary of the instruction set organized in a table with the opcode, instruction name, addressing mode, and byte size/cycle information.
This document provides a summary of the instruction set for the MCS-51 microcontroller. It includes a table listing over 40 instructions such as ADD, SUB, AND, OR, MOV, INC, DEC, along with the description, number of cycles, and whether it affects flag settings. It notes that instructions can specify registers, direct addresses, indirect RAM addresses, or immediate data as operands.
Fpga based implementation of a double precision ieee floating point adderSomsubhra Ghosh
This document describes an FPGA implementation of a double precision IEEE floating point adder. It outlines the general structure of IEEE 754 double precision numbers, describes the simple arithmetic operation of adding two such numbers, and proposes a two stage pipelined algorithm to perform the addition. It then discusses implementing the algorithm on FPGA devices, providing resource usage estimates and illustrations of the first two cycles of the algorithm. Simulation results are presented and the conclusions discuss the benefits of this technique for performing floating point additions with low latency.
This document summarizes techniques for core allocation and relocation management in self-dynamically reconfigurable architectures. It introduces basic concepts like cores, IP cores, and reconfigurable regions. It then describes proposed 1D and 2D relocation solutions like BiRF and BiRF Square that allow runtime relocation with low overhead. A core allocation manager is introduced to choose core placements optimizing criteria like rejection rate and completion time with low management costs. Evaluation shows the techniques improve metrics like rejection rate and routing costs compared to other approaches.
This document provides parameters for 11 channel models (CM1.1-CM1.5, CM2, CM3.1-CM3.2, CM4-CM6, CM9.1-CM9.3) used in IEEE 802.15 wireless simulations. Key parameters include path loss exponent, shadowing standard deviation, cluster and ray arrival/decay rates, cluster and ray power standard deviations, angle spread, number of clusters, and Rician K factor. Some parameters are provided while others are assumed, with references provided. The document seeks discussion on clarifying remaining questions about the channel model parameters.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
This document presents a transit time model for short gate length ion-implanted GaAs MESFETs. It develops a 2D analytical model to calculate the potential distribution and electric field in the channel region. Based on this, it derives an expression for transit time by considering the carrier velocity and saturation effects. It also presents an equation for drain current as a function of transit time, doping profile, and other device parameters. Simulation results using MATLAB are shown for Id-Vd characteristics and transit time for different device geometry and material parameters. The model aims to better understand the underlying device physics of optically controlled GaAs MESFETs.
Ict networking exercise short questions answerGary Tsang
This document provides short answers to questions about computer networking. It covers topics like types of networks, advantages and disadvantages of centralized and decentralized networks, components of networking hardware and software, protocols, network topologies and layers of the OSI model. The document contains diagrams and explanations of networking concepts.
This document provides information about the instruction set of a microcontroller. It includes two summaries:
1. The first summary lists instructions and describes how they affect flag settings in the microcontroller's status register, such as the carry and overflow flags.
2. The second summary is a table that provides details about the microcontroller's instruction set. It lists instructions, describes their operation, and specifies the number of bytes and oscillator periods each instruction requires. The table is divided into sections for arithmetic, logical, branching, and other operations.
The document as a whole provides low-level technical specifications about a microcontroller's instruction set, including how instructions are encoded, how they modify status register flags, and their timing
The document provides information about a microcontroller instruction set including:
- Instructions that affect flag settings and how they modify the flags.
- The instruction set and addressing modes which include registers, direct addressing, indirect addressing, constants, and branches.
- A summary of the instruction set organized in a table with the opcode, instruction name, addressing mode, and byte size/cycle information.
This document provides a summary of the instruction set for the MCS-51 microcontroller. It includes a table listing over 40 instructions such as ADD, SUB, AND, OR, MOV, INC, DEC, along with the description, number of cycles, and whether it affects flag settings. It notes that instructions can specify registers, direct addresses, indirect RAM addresses, or immediate data as operands.
Fpga based implementation of a double precision ieee floating point adderSomsubhra Ghosh
This document describes an FPGA implementation of a double precision IEEE floating point adder. It outlines the general structure of IEEE 754 double precision numbers, describes the simple arithmetic operation of adding two such numbers, and proposes a two stage pipelined algorithm to perform the addition. It then discusses implementing the algorithm on FPGA devices, providing resource usage estimates and illustrations of the first two cycles of the algorithm. Simulation results are presented and the conclusions discuss the benefits of this technique for performing floating point additions with low latency.
This document summarizes techniques for core allocation and relocation management in self-dynamically reconfigurable architectures. It introduces basic concepts like cores, IP cores, and reconfigurable regions. It then describes proposed 1D and 2D relocation solutions like BiRF and BiRF Square that allow runtime relocation with low overhead. A core allocation manager is introduced to choose core placements optimizing criteria like rejection rate and completion time with low management costs. Evaluation shows the techniques improve metrics like rejection rate and routing costs compared to other approaches.
This document provides parameters for 11 channel models (CM1.1-CM1.5, CM2, CM3.1-CM3.2, CM4-CM6, CM9.1-CM9.3) used in IEEE 802.15 wireless simulations. Key parameters include path loss exponent, shadowing standard deviation, cluster and ray arrival/decay rates, cluster and ray power standard deviations, angle spread, number of clusters, and Rician K factor. Some parameters are provided while others are assumed, with references provided. The document seeks discussion on clarifying remaining questions about the channel model parameters.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
This document presents a transit time model for short gate length ion-implanted GaAs MESFETs. It develops a 2D analytical model to calculate the potential distribution and electric field in the channel region. Based on this, it derives an expression for transit time by considering the carrier velocity and saturation effects. It also presents an equation for drain current as a function of transit time, doping profile, and other device parameters. Simulation results using MATLAB are shown for Id-Vd characteristics and transit time for different device geometry and material parameters. The model aims to better understand the underlying device physics of optically controlled GaAs MESFETs.
Ict networking exercise short questions answerGary Tsang
This document provides short answers to questions about computer networking. It covers topics like types of networks, advantages and disadvantages of centralized and decentralized networks, components of networking hardware and software, protocols, network topologies and layers of the OSI model. The document contains diagrams and explanations of networking concepts.
Analysis of High-Order Residual-Based Dissipation for Unsteady Compressible F...kgrimich
A comprehensive study of the numerical properties of high-order residual-based dissipation terms for unsteady compressible flows leads to the design of well-behaved, low dissipative schemes of third-, fifth- and seventh-order accuracy. The dissipation and dispersion properties of the schemes are then evaluated theoreticaly, through Fourier space analysis, and numerically, through selected test cases including the inviscid Taylor-Green Vortex flow.
Raphael Geney, Galapagos, H-bond strength predictions: Could we do better?Cresset
1) The document summarizes an evaluation of methods for predicting hydrogen bond strength, including Peter Kenny's accurate but slow quantum mechanics (QM) approach and the faster but less accurate Cresset molecular modeling software.
2) Applying Kenny's QM approach to 9 kinase ligand cores, excellent correlations with potency were found except for two outliers, while Cresset captured trends but not substituent effects.
3) A combination of Kenny's QM predictions with Cresset screening was proposed to effectively optimize ligand hydrogen bonding for potency, with each method's strengths mitigating the other's weaknesses.
This talk was presented live at JMP Discovery Summit 2012 in Cary, North Carolina, USA. More information about design of experiments is available at http://www.jmp.com/applications/doe/
The document summarizes a proposed scheme for rapid signal acquisition in direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) communication systems operating in high Doppler environments. The scheme uses time domain correlation of differential signals to estimate pseudo-noise (PN) code phase, followed by fast Fourier transform (FFT) to precisely estimate Doppler frequency. An area-efficient field programmable gate array (FPGA) architecture is presented that combines time and frequency domain approaches. The architecture achieves 52% area occupancy when synthesized for a Virtex-6 FPGA and operates at 134 MHz, allowing for fast signal acquisition needed in applications like missile guidance systems.
This document contains the contents and program descriptions for various programs to be completed as part of a Microprocessor Lab course. There are 23 interfacing programs and 20 8085 microprocessor programs described, including programs to transfer data blocks with and without overlap, add/multiply/divide numbers, implement counters, check codes, and interface with keyboards, displays, and other peripherals.
Design and Implementation of Phase Frequency Detector Using Different Logic G...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of phase frequency detectors (PFDs) using different logic gates in a 45nm CMOS process. It presents the circuit designs of PFDs using NAND, NOR, and AND gates. The PFDs are simulated in LT Spice and their performance is compared in terms of operating frequency, glitch period, glitch time, delay, power consumption, and transistor count. The results show that the NAND-based PFD has the lowest power consumption of 3.74uW and occupies the smallest area with 16 transistors, making it suitable for low power applications.
The Construction of the Internet Geological Data System Using WWW+Java+DB Tec...Channy Yun
YUN, SEOKCHAN, 1997, The Construction of the Internet Geological Data System Using WWW+Java+DB Technique, Tertiary Deposits of Korea, AAPG Annual Convention Abstracts, Association of American Petroleum Geologists 1997.4.23-26, Dallas, TX, USA, p.420
This document discusses testing isolated bacterial colonies grown on solid differential agar slants. It instructs to (A) observe and report the characteristics of the primary colonies and (B) lists further tests that should be conducted on the colonies.
O plano estrutural apresenta um projeto de construção de um prédio de escritórios de 10 andares com estrutura de concreto armado. O documento descreve os principais elementos estruturais como pilares, vigas e lajes, além de especificar as características dos materiais a serem utilizados e as normas técnicas a serem seguidas.
Este documento presenta los microcontroladores PIC16C84/F84. Explica sus terminales y funciones principales, como los puertos A y B que pueden configurarse como entradas o salidas, y la pata MCLR/Vpp que se usa para reset y programación. También describe circuitos externos comunes como el oscilador de cuarzo y el circuito de reset, necesarios para el funcionamiento básico de estos microcontroladores.
Este documento explica los cuatro pasos para programar un PIC: 1) editar el código fuente, 2) compilar el código, 3) grabar el programa compilado en el PIC, y 4) probar el programa. Se detalla cada paso y se proporciona información sobre el PIC16F84, incluyendo sus pines, memoria y registros especiales.
El diagrama muestra el flujo de pacientes y materiales quirúrgicos a través de 3 quirófanos. Los pacientes pasan por admisiones, pre-anestesia, quirófano, recuperación post-operatoria y alta. Los materiales quirúrgicos se esterilizan y almacenan antes de su uso en quirófano.
Cirugia model instalacion hidraulica y sanitaria Ruderocker Billy
El documento presenta un diagrama de las conexiones de dos tiendas a una tubería colectora de aguas servidas. Muestra los medidores de cada tienda conectados a una T de agua y una T sanitaria simple que conducen a la tubería colectora principal, la cual incluye una trampa "P" con rejilla antes de continuar.
El documento describe los requisitos para una sala de cirugía, incluyendo pisos y paredes de granito o azulejo pulido, iluminación de 800-1000 lux en general y 20,000-40,000 lux sobre la mesa de operaciones, control de temperatura, humedad y ventilación, y equipos como aparatos de anestesia, desfibrilador, lámparas quirúrgicas, autoclave y más. También incluye imágenes y detalles de algunos equipos específicos como la mesa de cirugía, unidad de anestesia y un plan
Introduccion a los microcontroladores pic y programacion de una matriz de led'sRuderocker Billy
Este documento introduce los microcontroladores PIC y su programación. Explica la diferencia entre microprocesadores y microcontroladores, las arquitecturas de Von Neumann y Harvard, los tipos de memoria como ROM, EPROM, EEPROM y FLASH. También describe los puertos de entrada y salida, el reloj principal, y recursos especiales como temporizadores, watchdog, modo de bajo consumo, conversores A/D y D/A, y PWM. El objetivo es familiarizar a los aprendices con los conceptos básicos de los microcontroladores PIC.
Este documento describe los requisitos para el diseño de una sala de cirugía. Debe tener un área de 20 a 25 metros cuadrados con pisos de granito pulido para facilitar la limpieza. Las paredes y techos deben revestirse con azulejos para la misma razón. La iluminación, temperatura, humedad y sistema de ventilación cumplen normas específicas para el bienestar del personal y control de bacterias. Se enumera el equipamiento estándar para salas de cirugía y partos.
This document discusses the organization of registers and stacks in a CPU. It describes how a CPU contains a register set that is used to store intermediate values and pointers to improve efficiency over memory access. A general register organization is shown using multiplexers and decoders to select registers for arithmetic operations. The document also introduces the concept of a stack, which uses a last-in, first-out data structure and stack pointer register to efficiently insert and delete items for functions.
The instruction set of the microcontroller includes arithmetic, logical, and flag-affecting instructions. It allows operations on registers, direct addresses, and indirect addresses. The instruction byte size and oscillator period required for each instruction is also provided in a table.
The instruction set of the microcontroller includes arithmetic, logical, and flag-affecting instructions. It allows operations on registers, direct addresses, and indirect addresses. Common instructions include ADD, SUB, AND, OR, MOV, JMP, CALL. The instruction set supports conditional jumps based on flag settings from previous operations. Most instructions execute in 1 byte and 1 cycle.
The instruction set summary provides concise information about the instructions of the AT89 microcontroller in a tabular format. The table lists instructions according to operation type and describes each instruction's mnemonic, operation performed, byte size, and oscillator period. A second table continues listing additional instructions.
The document describes the instruction set of the Atmel 8051 microcontroller. It includes 3 tables that list the instructions, describing the operation, number of bytes in the instruction, and the oscillator period in cycles to execute the instruction. The tables provide a summary of arithmetic, logical, branch, and data transfer instructions available on the 8051 microcontroller.
Analysis of High-Order Residual-Based Dissipation for Unsteady Compressible F...kgrimich
A comprehensive study of the numerical properties of high-order residual-based dissipation terms for unsteady compressible flows leads to the design of well-behaved, low dissipative schemes of third-, fifth- and seventh-order accuracy. The dissipation and dispersion properties of the schemes are then evaluated theoreticaly, through Fourier space analysis, and numerically, through selected test cases including the inviscid Taylor-Green Vortex flow.
Raphael Geney, Galapagos, H-bond strength predictions: Could we do better?Cresset
1) The document summarizes an evaluation of methods for predicting hydrogen bond strength, including Peter Kenny's accurate but slow quantum mechanics (QM) approach and the faster but less accurate Cresset molecular modeling software.
2) Applying Kenny's QM approach to 9 kinase ligand cores, excellent correlations with potency were found except for two outliers, while Cresset captured trends but not substituent effects.
3) A combination of Kenny's QM predictions with Cresset screening was proposed to effectively optimize ligand hydrogen bonding for potency, with each method's strengths mitigating the other's weaknesses.
This talk was presented live at JMP Discovery Summit 2012 in Cary, North Carolina, USA. More information about design of experiments is available at http://www.jmp.com/applications/doe/
The document summarizes a proposed scheme for rapid signal acquisition in direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) communication systems operating in high Doppler environments. The scheme uses time domain correlation of differential signals to estimate pseudo-noise (PN) code phase, followed by fast Fourier transform (FFT) to precisely estimate Doppler frequency. An area-efficient field programmable gate array (FPGA) architecture is presented that combines time and frequency domain approaches. The architecture achieves 52% area occupancy when synthesized for a Virtex-6 FPGA and operates at 134 MHz, allowing for fast signal acquisition needed in applications like missile guidance systems.
This document contains the contents and program descriptions for various programs to be completed as part of a Microprocessor Lab course. There are 23 interfacing programs and 20 8085 microprocessor programs described, including programs to transfer data blocks with and without overlap, add/multiply/divide numbers, implement counters, check codes, and interface with keyboards, displays, and other peripherals.
Design and Implementation of Phase Frequency Detector Using Different Logic G...IRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of phase frequency detectors (PFDs) using different logic gates in a 45nm CMOS process. It presents the circuit designs of PFDs using NAND, NOR, and AND gates. The PFDs are simulated in LT Spice and their performance is compared in terms of operating frequency, glitch period, glitch time, delay, power consumption, and transistor count. The results show that the NAND-based PFD has the lowest power consumption of 3.74uW and occupies the smallest area with 16 transistors, making it suitable for low power applications.
The Construction of the Internet Geological Data System Using WWW+Java+DB Tec...Channy Yun
YUN, SEOKCHAN, 1997, The Construction of the Internet Geological Data System Using WWW+Java+DB Technique, Tertiary Deposits of Korea, AAPG Annual Convention Abstracts, Association of American Petroleum Geologists 1997.4.23-26, Dallas, TX, USA, p.420
This document discusses testing isolated bacterial colonies grown on solid differential agar slants. It instructs to (A) observe and report the characteristics of the primary colonies and (B) lists further tests that should be conducted on the colonies.
O plano estrutural apresenta um projeto de construção de um prédio de escritórios de 10 andares com estrutura de concreto armado. O documento descreve os principais elementos estruturais como pilares, vigas e lajes, além de especificar as características dos materiais a serem utilizados e as normas técnicas a serem seguidas.
Este documento presenta los microcontroladores PIC16C84/F84. Explica sus terminales y funciones principales, como los puertos A y B que pueden configurarse como entradas o salidas, y la pata MCLR/Vpp que se usa para reset y programación. También describe circuitos externos comunes como el oscilador de cuarzo y el circuito de reset, necesarios para el funcionamiento básico de estos microcontroladores.
Este documento explica los cuatro pasos para programar un PIC: 1) editar el código fuente, 2) compilar el código, 3) grabar el programa compilado en el PIC, y 4) probar el programa. Se detalla cada paso y se proporciona información sobre el PIC16F84, incluyendo sus pines, memoria y registros especiales.
El diagrama muestra el flujo de pacientes y materiales quirúrgicos a través de 3 quirófanos. Los pacientes pasan por admisiones, pre-anestesia, quirófano, recuperación post-operatoria y alta. Los materiales quirúrgicos se esterilizan y almacenan antes de su uso en quirófano.
Cirugia model instalacion hidraulica y sanitaria Ruderocker Billy
El documento presenta un diagrama de las conexiones de dos tiendas a una tubería colectora de aguas servidas. Muestra los medidores de cada tienda conectados a una T de agua y una T sanitaria simple que conducen a la tubería colectora principal, la cual incluye una trampa "P" con rejilla antes de continuar.
El documento describe los requisitos para una sala de cirugía, incluyendo pisos y paredes de granito o azulejo pulido, iluminación de 800-1000 lux en general y 20,000-40,000 lux sobre la mesa de operaciones, control de temperatura, humedad y ventilación, y equipos como aparatos de anestesia, desfibrilador, lámparas quirúrgicas, autoclave y más. También incluye imágenes y detalles de algunos equipos específicos como la mesa de cirugía, unidad de anestesia y un plan
Introduccion a los microcontroladores pic y programacion de una matriz de led'sRuderocker Billy
Este documento introduce los microcontroladores PIC y su programación. Explica la diferencia entre microprocesadores y microcontroladores, las arquitecturas de Von Neumann y Harvard, los tipos de memoria como ROM, EPROM, EEPROM y FLASH. También describe los puertos de entrada y salida, el reloj principal, y recursos especiales como temporizadores, watchdog, modo de bajo consumo, conversores A/D y D/A, y PWM. El objetivo es familiarizar a los aprendices con los conceptos básicos de los microcontroladores PIC.
Este documento describe los requisitos para el diseño de una sala de cirugía. Debe tener un área de 20 a 25 metros cuadrados con pisos de granito pulido para facilitar la limpieza. Las paredes y techos deben revestirse con azulejos para la misma razón. La iluminación, temperatura, humedad y sistema de ventilación cumplen normas específicas para el bienestar del personal y control de bacterias. Se enumera el equipamiento estándar para salas de cirugía y partos.
This document discusses the organization of registers and stacks in a CPU. It describes how a CPU contains a register set that is used to store intermediate values and pointers to improve efficiency over memory access. A general register organization is shown using multiplexers and decoders to select registers for arithmetic operations. The document also introduces the concept of a stack, which uses a last-in, first-out data structure and stack pointer register to efficiently insert and delete items for functions.
The instruction set of the microcontroller includes arithmetic, logical, and flag-affecting instructions. It allows operations on registers, direct addresses, and indirect addresses. The instruction byte size and oscillator period required for each instruction is also provided in a table.
The instruction set of the microcontroller includes arithmetic, logical, and flag-affecting instructions. It allows operations on registers, direct addresses, and indirect addresses. Common instructions include ADD, SUB, AND, OR, MOV, JMP, CALL. The instruction set supports conditional jumps based on flag settings from previous operations. Most instructions execute in 1 byte and 1 cycle.
The instruction set summary provides concise information about the instructions of the AT89 microcontroller in a tabular format. The table lists instructions according to operation type and describes each instruction's mnemonic, operation performed, byte size, and oscillator period. A second table continues listing additional instructions.
The document describes the instruction set of the Atmel 8051 microcontroller. It includes 3 tables that list the instructions, describing the operation, number of bytes in the instruction, and the oscillator period in cycles to execute the instruction. The tables provide a summary of arithmetic, logical, branch, and data transfer instructions available on the 8051 microcontroller.
This document provides an instruction set summary for a microcontroller. It includes a table that lists each instruction, describes its function, and specifies the number of bytes in the instruction and its execution time in oscillator periods. It summarizes instructions related to arithmetic operations, logical operations, program flow control, bit manipulation, data transfer, and interrupts.
The document describes the instruction set of the 8086 microprocessor. It discusses the different types of instructions including data transfer instructions like MOV, PUSH, POP, XCHG, IN, OUT, and XLAT. It also covers addressing modes, instruction formats, and the various registers used by the 8086 microprocessor like the stack pointer and flag register. In total there are 14 different data transfer instructions described that are used to move data between registers, memory, ports, and the flag and stack pointers.
This document provides an overview of the ARM instruction set architecture. It discusses the ARM programming model including its general purpose registers and status flags. It also covers ARM data types, data operations, load/store instructions, flow of control instructions, and subroutine calling conventions. Examples are provided to demonstrate how common programming constructs like if/else statements and for loops can be implemented in ARM assembly language.
This document appears to be an exam for an Electronics and Communication Engineering course covering microprocessors and microcontrollers. It contains 16 questions testing knowledge of the 8086 and 8051 microprocessors. The questions cover topics like the operating modes, interrupts, architecture, and functional units of the 8086; system bus structure and timing diagrams; serial communication and special function registers of the 8051; and interfacing examples like generating waveforms using timers and displaying text on a seven segment LED display.
This document describes the instruction set of the 8051 microcontroller. It discusses the three types of instructions - single byte, double byte, and triple byte - based on the number of bytes needed to represent the instruction. It provides examples of different types of instructions, including data transfer, arithmetic, logical, logical bit, and program flow control instructions. Each instruction is defined by its mnemonic, description, and number of bytes.
Reduced rcs uhf rfid gosper and hilbert tag antennasiaemedu
The document summarizes the design and analysis of conventional, Gosper, and Hilbert loop shape antennas with reduced radar cross section (RCS) for small object identification using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Fourier series analysis is used to calculate the input impedance of a conventional circular wire loop antenna. A T-matched chart method is introduced to match the antenna input impedance to the chip input impedance. Simulation results show the conventional loop antenna achieves an RCS reduction of 99.67% and 99.12% for the Gosper and Hilbert loop antennas, respectively, compared to a conventional design. Measurements of the fabricated antennas are also discussed.
Reduced rcs uhf rfid gosper and hilbert tag antennas no restrictioniaemedu
The document summarizes the design and analysis of conventional, Gosper, and Hilbert loop shape antennas with reduced radar cross section (RCS) for small object identification using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Fourier series analysis is used to calculate the input impedance of a conventional circular wire loop antenna. A T-matched chart method is introduced to match the antenna input impedance to the chip input impedance. Simulation results show the conventional loop antenna achieves an RCS reduction of 99.67% and 99.12% for the Gosper and Hilbert loop antennas, respectively, compared to a conventional design. Measurements of the fabricated antennas are also discussed.
The document discusses numerical bases used in programming such as hexadecimal, binary, and BCD. It provides examples of converting between decimal, binary, hexadecimal and BCD representations of numbers. It also describes registers and memory organization in 8051 microcontrollers including register banks, memory mapping, and addressing modes. Finally, it outlines common instructions of the 8051 instruction set such as MOV, ADD, CALL, JUMP, LOGICAL operations and flag manipulation.
1) The document discusses the high-level syntax of HEVC, including the video parameter set (VPS), sequence parameter set (SPS), and picture parameter set (PPS).
2) It describes the bitstream structure and how VPS, SPS, PPS, and slice data are organized in network abstraction layer (NAL) units.
3) Key coding units like coding tree blocks (CTBs), coding blocks (CBs), and coding units (CUs) are defined, as well as the quadtree partitioning syntax used in HEVC.
The document discusses the ARM instruction set. It begins by defining the instruction set and describing the three states of operation: compiler, assembly, and object code. It then describes various types of instructions like data processing, data transfer, and control flow instructions. The rest of the document provides details on ARM characteristics, registers, conditional execution, addressing modes, and examples of instructions for common operations.
The document discusses various file compression and audio/video coding formats. It covers lossless compression formats like ZIP and lossy formats like JPEG and MP3. It explains concepts like lossy vs lossless compression, codecs, quantization, discrete cosine transform (DCT), discrete wavelet transform, predictive coding, run length encoding and Lempel-Ziv coding. Specific formats discussed include JPEG, MP3, MPEG, μ-law, ADPCM, CELP, ZIP, LZH, 7z and bz2. Block sorting algorithms like Burrows-Wheeler transform are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of the ARM instruction set architecture. It describes the ARM programming model including registers and status flags. It covers ARM data types, instructions for arithmetic, logic, comparison and movement. It also discusses memory organization, addressing modes, subroutine calling conventions and examples of translating C code to ARM assembly language.
This document provides an overview of the ARM instruction set architecture. It describes ARM versions, assembly language, programming model, data types, instructions, flow of control, and subroutine calling conventions. Key points covered include ARM's load/store architecture, conditional execution of instructions, and handling of procedure calls and nested subroutines.
The document discusses ARM assembly language basics including:
- Common syntax elements like labels, opcodes, operands, and comments.
- Instructions for moving data between registers and memory locations.
- Pseudo-instructions and data processing instructions for arithmetic, logical, and shift operations.
- Memory access instructions for loading and storing data using pre-indexing, post-indexing, and stack operations.
La litiasis renal, también conocida como urolitiasis o nefrolitiasis, es una enfermedad causada por la presencia de cálculos o piedras en los riñones o vías urinarias. Los síntomas incluyen cólico nefrítico, dolor lumbar, hematuria e infecciones de orina. Los cálculos se componen principalmente de oxalato cálcico, fosfato cálcico, ácido úrico, fosfato amónico magnésico o cistina. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante radiograf
This service manual provides instructions for servicing the Servo Ventilator 300/300A ventilator. It describes the main units of the ventilator, including the control unit, patient unit, and basic principles of operation. The manual also covers disassembling and assembling the units, service procedures, troubleshooting, product change history, and diagrams.
Este documento describe los principios y objetivos de la ventilación mecánica. Define la ventilación mecánica como la sustitución temporal de la función ventilatoria normal mediante un aparato mecánico. Explica los modos de ventilación mecánica, los parámetros del respirador y las indicaciones para la intubación y conexión a ventilación mecánica.
The document discusses the results of a study on the effects of exercise on memory and thinking abilities in older adults. The study found that regular exercise can help reduce the decline in thinking abilities that often occurs with age. Specifically, older adults who exercised regularly performed better on memory and thinking tests compared to those who did not exercise regularly.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against developing mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already have a condition.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Sistema interfaz visual para el control de la respiración en maniobras autonó...Ruderocker Billy
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The document provides information about the SERVO-s ventilator system. It highlights that the ventilator offers unique SERVO ventilation capabilities for adult and pediatric patients. It also notes that the ventilator is simple to learn, operate, and maintain. The document then provides details about the ventilator's key features, technical specifications, and ventilation modes.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
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THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
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(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin 🙏🤓🤔🥰
1. Instruction Set
Microcontroller Instruction Set
For interrupt response time information, refer to the hardware description chapter.
(1)
Instructions that Affect Flag Settings
Instruction Flag Instruction Flag
C OV AC C OV AC
ADD X X X CLR C O
ADDC X X X CPL C X Instruction Set
SUBB X X X ANL C,bit X
MUL O X ANL C,/bit X
DIV O X ORL C,bit X
DA X ORL C, bit X
RRC X MOV C,bit X
RLC X CJNE X
SETB C 1
Note 1. Operations on SFR byte address 208 or bit addresses
209-215 (that is, the PSW or bits in the PSW) also
affect flag settings.
The Instruction Set and Addressing Modes
Rn Register R7-R0 of the currently selected Register Bank.
direct 8-bit internal data location’s address. This could be an Internal Data RAM location
(0-127) or a SFR [i.e., I/O port, control register, status register, etc. (128-255)].
@Ri 8-bit internal data RAM location (0-255) addressed indirectly through register R1or R0.
#data 8-bit constant included in instruction.
#data 16 16-bit constant included in instruction.
addr 16 16-bit destination address. Used by LCALL and LJMP. A branch can be anywhere within
the 64 Kbyte Program Memory address space.
addr 11 11-bit destination address. Used by ACALL and AJMP. The branch will be within the
same 2 Kbyte page of program memory as the first byte of the following instruction.
rel Signed (two’s complement) 8-bit offset byte. Used by SJMP and all conditional jumps.
Range is -128 to +127 bytes relative to first byte of the following instruction.
bit Direct Addressed bit in Internal Data RAM or Special Function Register.
0509A
2-71
2. Instruction Set Summary
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
JBC JB JNB JC JNC JZ JNZ
0 NOP bit,rel bit, rel bit, rel rel rel rel rel
[3B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
AJMP ACALL AJMP ACALL AJMP ACALL AJMP ACALL
1 (P0) (P0) (P1) (P1) (P2) (P2) (P3) (P3)
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
LJMP LCALL ORL ANL XRL ORL
RET RETI
2 addr16 addr16 dir, A dir, A dir, a C, bit
[2C] [2C]
[3B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B] [2B] [2B] [2B, 2C]
ORL ANL XRL JMP
RR RRC RL RLC
3 dir, #data dir, #data dir, #data @A + DPTR
A A A A
[3B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2C]
ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL MOV
INC DEC
4 A, #data A, #data A, #data A, #data A, #data A, #data
A A
[2B] [2B] [2B] [2B] [2B] [2B]
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL MOV
5 dir dir A, dir A, dir A, dir A, dir A, dir dir, #data
[2B] [2B] [2B] [2B] [2B] [2B] [2B] [3B, 2C]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
6 @R0, @data
@R0 @R0 A, @R0 A, @R0 A, @R0 A, @R0 A, @R0
[2B]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
7 @R1, #data
@R1 @R1 A, @R1 A, @R1 A, @R1 A, @R1 A, @R1
[2B]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
8 R0, #data
R0 R0 A, R0 A, R0 A, R0 A, R0 A, R0
[2B]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
9 R1, #data
R1 R1 A, R1 A, R1 A, R1 A, R1 A, R1
[2B]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
A R2, #data
R2 R2 A, R2 A, R2 A, R2 A, R2 A, R2
[2B]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
B R3, #data
R3 R3 A, R3 A, R3 A, R3 A, R3 A, R3
[2B]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
C R4, #data
R4 R4 A, R4 A, R4 A, R4 A, R4 A, R4
[2B]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
D R5, #data
R5 R5 A, R5 A, R5 A, R5 A, R5 A, R5
[2B]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
E R6, #data
R6 R6 A, R6 A, R6 A, R6 A, R6 A, R6
[2B]
MOV
INC DEC ADD ADDC ORL ANL XRL
F R7, #data
R7 R7 A, R7 A, R7 A, R7 A, R7 A, R7
[2B]
Key:
[2B] = 2 Byte, [3B] = 3 Byte, [2C] = 2 Cycle, [4C] = 4 Cycle, Blank = 1 byte/1 cycle
2-72 Instruction Set
3. Instruction Set
Instruction Set Summary (Continued)
8 9 A B C D E F
MOV
SJMP ORL ANL PUSH POP MOVX A, MOVX
DPTR,#
0 REL C, /bit C, /bit dir dir @DPTR @DPTR, A
data 16
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2C] [2C]
[3B, 2C]
AJMP ACALL AJMP ACALL AJMP ACALL AJMP ACALL
1 (P4) (P4) (P5) (P5) (P6) (P6) (P7) (P7)
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
ANL MOV MOV CPL CLR SETB MOVX MOVX
2 C, bit bit, C C, bit bit bit bit A, @R0 wR0, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [2B] [2B] [2B] [2B] [2C] [2C]
MOVC A, MOVC A, INC MOVX MOVX
CPL CLR SETB
3 @A + PC @A + DPTR DPTR A, @RI @RI, A
C C C
[2C] [2C] [2C] [2C] [2C]
DIV SUBB MUL CJNE A,
SWAP DA CLR CPL
4 AB A, #data AB #data, rel
A A A A
[2B, 4C] [2B] [4C] [3B, 2C]
MOV SUBB CJNE XCH DJNZ MOV MOV
5 dir, dir A, dir A, dir, rel A, dir dir, rel A, dir dir, A
[3B, 2C] [2B] [3B, 2C] [2B] [3B, 2C] [2B] [2B]
CJNE
MOV MOV
SUBB @R0, #data, XCH XCHD MOV MOV
6 dir, @R0 @R0, dir
A, @R0 rel A, @R0 A, @R0 A, @R0 @R0, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
[3B, 2C]
CJNE
MOV MOV
SUBB @R1, #data, XCH XCHD MOV MOV
7 dir, @R1 @R1, dir
A, @R1 rel A, @R1 A, @R1 A, @R1 @R1, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
[3B, 2C]
MOV MOV CJNE DJNZ
SUBB XCH MOV MOV
8 dir, R0 R0, dir R0, #data, rel R0, rel
A, R0 A, R0 A, R0 R0, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
MOV MOV CJNE DJNZ
SUBB XCH MOV MOV
9 dir, R1 R1, dir R1, #data, rel R1, rel
A, R1 A, R1 A, R1 R1, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
MOV MOV CJNE DJNZ
SUBB XCH MOV MOV
A dir, R2 R2, dir R2, #data, rel R2, rel
A, R2 A, R2 A, R2 R2, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
MOV MOV CJNE DJNZ
SUBB XCH MOV MOV
B dir, R3 R3, dir R3, #data, rel R3, rel
A, R3 A, R3 A, R3 R3, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
MOV MOV CJNE DJNZ
SUBB XCH MOV MOV
C dir, R4 R4, dir R4, #data, rel R4, rel
A, R4 A, R4 A, R4 R4, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
MOV MOV CJNE DJNZ
SUBB XCH MOV MOV
D dir, R5 R5, dir R5, #data, rel R5, rel
A, R5 A, R5 A, R5 R5, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
MOV MOV CJNE DJNZ
SUBB XCH MOV MOV
E dir, R6 R6, dir R6, #data, rel R6, rel
A, R6 A, R6 A, R6 R6. A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
MOV MOV CJNE DJNZ
SUBB XCH MOV MOV
F dir, R7 R7, dir R7, #data, rel R7, rel
A, R7 A, R7 A, R7 R7, A
[2B, 2C] [2B, 2C] [3B, 2C] [2B, 2C]
Key:
[2B] = 2 Byte, [3B] = 3 Byte, [2C] = 2 Cycle, [4C] = 4 Cycle, Blank = 1 byte/1 cycle
2-73
5. Instruction Set
Table 1. AT89 Instruction Set Summary (continued)
Oscillator Oscillator
Mnemonic Description Byte Period Mnemonic Description Byte Period
LOGICAL OPERATIONS (continued) DATA TRANSFER (continued)
XRL direct,A Exclusive-OR 2 12 MOV direct,@Ri Move indirect 2 24
Accumulator to RAM to direct byte
direct byte
MOV direct,#data Move immediate 3 24
XRL direct,#data Exclusive-OR 3 24 data to direct byte
immediate data to
direct byte MOV @Ri,A Move Accumulator 1 12
to indirect RAM
CLR A Clear Accumulator 1 12
MOV @Ri,direct Move direct byte 2 24
CPL A Complement 1 12 to indirect RAM
Accumulator
MOV @Ri,#data Move immediate 2 12
RL A Rotate 1 12 data to indirect
Accumulator Left RAM
RLC A Rotate 1 12 MOV DPTR,#data16 Load Data Pointer 3 24
Accumulator Left with a 16-bit
through the Carry constant
RR A Rotate 1 12 MOVC A,@A+DPTR Move Code byte 1 24
Accumulator Right relative to DPTR
to Acc
RRC A Rotate 1 12
Accumulator Right MOVC A,@A+PC Move Code byte 1 24
through the Carry relative to PC to
Acc
SWAP A Swap nibbles 1 12
within the MOVX A,@Ri Move External 1 24
Accumulator RAM (8-bit addr)
to Acc
DATA TRANSFER
MOVX A,@DPTR Move Exernal 1 24
MOV A,Rn Move register to 1 12 RAM (16-bit addr)
Accumulator to Acc
MOV A,direct Move direct byte 2 12 MOVX @Ri,A Move Acc to 1 24
to Accumulator External RAM (8-
bit addr)
MOV A,@Ri Move indirect 1 12
RAM to MOVX @DPTR,A Move Acc to 1 24
Accumulator External RAM (16-
bit addr)
MOV A,#data Move immediate 2 12
data to PUSH direct Push direct byte 2 24
Accumulator onto stack
MOV Rn,A Move Accumulator 1 12 POP direct Pop direct byte 2 24
to register from stack
MOV Rn,direct Move direct byte 2 24 XCH A,Rn Exchange register 1 12
to register with Accumulator
MOV Rn,#data Move immediate 2 12 XCH A,direct Exchange direct 2 12
data to register byte with
Accumulator
MOV direct,A Move Accumulator 2 12
to direct byte XCH A,@Ri Exchange indirect 1 12
RAM with
MOV direct,Rn Move register to 2 24
Accumulator
direct byte
XCHD A,@Ri Exchange low- 1 12
MOV direct,direct Move direct byte 3 24
order Digit indirect
to direct
RAM with Acc
2-75
6. Table 1. AT89 Instruction Set Summary (continued)
Oscillator Oscillator
Mnemonic Description Byte Period Mnemonic Description Byte
Period
BOOLEAN VARIABLE MANIPULATION PROGRAM BRANCHING (continued)
CLR C Clear Carry 1 12 JMP @A+DPTR Jump indirect 1 24
relative to the
CLR bit Clear direct bit 2 12 DPTR
SETB C Set Carry 1 12 JZ rel Jump if 2 24
Accumulator is
SETB bit Set direct bit 2 12
Zero
CPL C Complement Carry 1 12
JNZ rel Jump if 2 24
CPL bit Complement direct 2 12 Accumulator is Not
bit Zero
ANL C,bit AND direct bit to 2 24 CJNE A,direct,rel Compare direct 3 24
CARRY byte to Acc and
Jump if Not Equal
ANL C,/bit AND complement 2 24
of direct bit to CJNE A,#data,rel Compare 3 24
Carry immediate to Acc
and Jump if Not
ORL C,bit OR direct bit to 2 24 Equal
Carry
CJNE Rn,#data,rel Compare 3 24
ORL C,/bit OR complement of 2 24 immediate to
direct bit to Carry register and Jump
if Not Equal
MOV C,bit Move direct bit to 2 12
Carry CJNE @Ri,#data,rel Compare 3 24
immediate to
MOV bit,C Move Carry to 2 24 indirect and Jump
direct bit if Not Equal
JC rel Jump if Carry is set 2 24 DJNZ Rn,rel Decrement 2 24
register and Jump
JNC rel Jump if Carry not 2 24 if Not Zero
set
DJNZ direct,rel Decrement direct 3 24
JB bit,rel Jump if direct Bit is 3 24 byte and Jump if
set Not Zero
JNB bit,rel Jump if direct Bit is 3 24 NOP No Operation 1 12
Not set
JBC bit,rel Jump if direct Bit is 3 24
set & clear bit
PROGRAM BRANCHING
ACALL addr11 Absolute 2 24
Subroutine Call
LCALL addr16 Long Subroutine 3 24
Call
RET Return from 1 24
Subroutine
RETI Return from 1 24
interrupt
AJMP addr11 Absolute Jump 2 24
LJMP addr16 Long Jump 3 24
SJMP rel Short Jump 2 24
(relative addr)
2-76 Instruction Set
7. Instruction Set
Table 2. Instruction Opcodes in Hexadecimal Order
Hex Number Hex Number
Code of Bytes Mnemonic Operands Code of Bytes Mnemonic Operands
00 1 NOP 22 1 RET
01 2 AJMP code addr 23 1 RL A
02 3 LJMP code addr 24 2 ADD A,#data
03 1 RR A 25 2 ADD A,data addr
04 1 INC A 26 1 ADD A,@R0
05 2 INC data addr 27 1 ADD A,@R1
06 1 INC @R0 28 1 ADD A,R0
07 1 INC @R1 29 1 ADD A,R1
08 1 INC R0 2A 1 ADD A,R2
09 1 INC R1 2B 1 ADD A,R3
0A 1 INC R2 2C 1 ADD A,R4
0B 1 INC R3 2D 1 ADD A,R5
0C 1 INC R4 2E 1 ADD A,R6
0D 1 INC R5 2F 1 ADD A,R7
0E 1 INC R6 30 3 JNB bit addr,code addr
0F 1 INC R7 31 2 ACALL code addr
10 3 JBC bit addr, code addr 32 1 RETI
11 2 ACALL code addr 33 1 RLC A
12 3 LCALL code addr 34 2 ADDC A,#data
13 1 RRC A 35 2 ADDC A,data addr
14 1 DEC A 36 1 ADDC A,@R0
15 2 DEC data addr 37 1 ADDC A,@R1
16 1 DEC @R0 38 1 ADDC A,R0
17 1 DEC @R1 39 1 ADDC A,R1
18 1 DEC R0 3A 1 ADDC A,R2
19 1 DEC R1 3B 1 ADDC A,R3
1A 1 DEC R2 3C 1 ADDC A,R4
1B 1 DEC R3 3D 1 ADDC A,R5
1C 1 DEC R4 3E 1 ADDC A,R6
1D 1 DEC R5 3F 1 ADDC A,R7
1E 1 DEC R6 40 2 JC code addr
1F 1 DEC R7
20 3 JB bit addr,code addr
21 2 AJMP code addr
2-77