This document summarizes different types of microorganisms including gram positive and gram negative bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. It lists common examples of bacteria from Staphylococcus to Escherichia coli. It describes viruses as the smallest infective agent with genetic material protected by a protein coat, and that antibiotics are ineffective against viruses. Fungi are classified into yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi with Candidiasis being a common infection. Parasites are classified as protozoa or helminths and can exist in trophozoite, precyst, or cyst forms.

1. PRESENTED BY
SHALINI RANA
B.SC (H)NURSING ,M.A PSYCHOLOGY

2. Gram positive bacteria
1. Staphylococcus
2. Streptococcus
3. Pneumococcus
4. Mycobacterium
5. Clostridium tetani
6. Bacillus anthracis
7. lactobacillus

3. Gram negative bacteria
 Neisseria gonorrhoea
 Neisseria meningitidis
 Pseudomonas
 Vibrio cholerae
 Salmonella
 Escherichia coli
 Shigella
 brucella

4. Virus
 It is the smallest known infective agent.
 Virus carry its own genetic information in the form of DNA
or RNA
 Genome is protected by an outer protein coat
(capsid)composed of capsomers.
 It has no metabolic activity outside the host cell.
 Antibiotics have no effect on viruses,but antiviral drugs
have been developed to treat life threatening infections.
 Vaccines that produce lifelong immunity can prevent some
viral infections.

5. FUNGUS
 Fungi constitute a large,diverse group of heterotrophic
organisms.
 Fungi classified into yeasts like mold amd dimorphic
fungi
 Candidiasis is the most common mycosis involving
skin and its appandages,mucosa and internal organs.

6. PARASITES
 These are an animal or plant which lives in or upon
another organism and derives its nutrient directly
from it.
 Parasites are classified as protozoa (unicellular
organisms) and helminths (multicellular organisms.
 Parasites exist in three morphological forms
trophozite,precyst and cyst.

7. Shapes of bacteria

8. Shape of viruses