This document provides a guide for the MGMT 591 Final Exam with multiple choice and essay questions covering organizational behavior topics. There are 4 sets of sample exam questions ranging from defining key concepts to analyzing workplace scenarios. The questions assess understanding of topics like teams, communication, leadership, conflict management, and diversity.
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MGMT 591 Final Exam Guide Set 2 (New)
1. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
2. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary body of knowledge with strong ties to several academic disciplines. Please identify three of the four primary areas.
3. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) OB defines stress in terms of both work stressors and life stressors. Please identify four common sources of stress at work.
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BUS 310 Education Organization / snaptutorial.comBus 310McdonaldRyan35
BUS 310 Week 1 Quiz 1
1. One of the first factors that increased the importance of human resource management was
2. The human resource function in organizations today
3. A large computer chip manufacturer has just hired another firm to perform its applicant background checks. Which of the following is likely part of this process?
4. A small restaurant is concerned about increasing worker productivity and tries to better structure its jobs
Innovations in situational judgment tests cullen paullin 2013Cheryl Paullin
Describes factors to consider when developing and delivery situational judgment tests, and innovations in linking scenario-based items to create branching simulations
Holmes College in Australia is a well-known educational institute that teaches a large number of educational courses to students around the globe. Holmes College is among the top-notch learning institute providing a wide range of courses for the scholars in Australia and caters to a huge number of students from Australia and overseas. Holmes College is having its campus in different big cities such as Sydney, Brisbane, Gold Coast, Melbourne & Cairns etc.
Website link: https://www.assignmentworkhelp.com/assignment-of-holmes-institute-australia/
Devry mgmt 591 final exam guide set 2 newshyaminfo12
DEVRY MGMT 591 Final Exam Guide Set 2 NEW
Check this A+ tutorial guideline at
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1. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
For more classes visit
www.snaptutorial.com
MGMT 591 Final Exam Guide Set 2 (New)
1. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
2. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary body of knowledge with strong ties to several academic disciplines. Please identify three of the four primary areas.
3. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) OB defines stress in terms of both work stressors and life stressors. Please identify four common sources of stress at work.
mgmt 591,devry mgmt 591,mgmt 591 entire course new,mgmt 591 case study building a coalition,mgmt 591 final exam,devry mgmt 591 week 1,devry mgmt 591 week 2,devry mgmt 591 week 5,devry mgmt 591 week 7,mgmt 591 midterm exam,mgmt 591 organization cultural inventory,mgmt 591 the forgotten group member case study,mgmt 591 leadership and organization behavior,devry mgmt 591 tutorials,devry mgmt 591 assignments,mgmt 591 help
BUS 310 Education Organization / snaptutorial.comBus 310McdonaldRyan35
BUS 310 Week 1 Quiz 1
1. One of the first factors that increased the importance of human resource management was
2. The human resource function in organizations today
3. A large computer chip manufacturer has just hired another firm to perform its applicant background checks. Which of the following is likely part of this process?
4. A small restaurant is concerned about increasing worker productivity and tries to better structure its jobs
Innovations in situational judgment tests cullen paullin 2013Cheryl Paullin
Describes factors to consider when developing and delivery situational judgment tests, and innovations in linking scenario-based items to create branching simulations
Holmes College in Australia is a well-known educational institute that teaches a large number of educational courses to students around the globe. Holmes College is among the top-notch learning institute providing a wide range of courses for the scholars in Australia and caters to a huge number of students from Australia and overseas. Holmes College is having its campus in different big cities such as Sydney, Brisbane, Gold Coast, Melbourne & Cairns etc.
Website link: https://www.assignmentworkhelp.com/assignment-of-holmes-institute-australia/
Devry mgmt 591 final exam guide set 2 newshyaminfo12
DEVRY MGMT 591 Final Exam Guide Set 2 NEW
Check this A+ tutorial guideline at
http://www.assignmentcloud.com/mgmt-591-devry/mgmt-591-final-exam-guide-set-2-new
For more classes visit
http://www.assignmentcloud.com
1. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
Z301 Organizational BehaviorDr. Eric CoulterExam 2Exam I.docxdanielfoster65629
Z301 Organizational Behavior
Dr. Eric Coulter
Exam 2
Exam Instructions
1. Give a concise but thorough answer to the following essay questions.
1. Your responses will be graded on completeness, applying concepts and examples both from the textbook and real-life experience.
1. Each question is worth 5 points (100 points total).
1.
One of the biggest complaints about college courses is often the requirement to work in groups. Many students are uncomfortable with group work because some of their colleagues do not fully participate in the assignments leaving individual members with extra work to do. What are some actions you can take the next time you are assigned to a group that will help prevent such social loafing in your group?
2.
Define and provide an example of body language.
3.
How does 360-degree feedback differ from the more traditional form?
4.
List and describe three factors which affect group cohesion.
5.
What are two individual approaches to managing stress?
6.
Name the four building blocks of Emotional Intelligence, and define each.
7.
Name three common biases in performance appraisals.
8.
Compare and contrast the uses for written and oral communication.
9.
What is the difference between a group and a team?
10.
Differentiate between a Type A personality and a Type B personality.
11.
Describe two physiological outcomes of stress.
12.
There are several types of temporary teams. Describe one such temporary team.
13.
List and define the core job characteristics found in the Hackman and Oldham model.
14.
Name, describe and provide an example of two barriers to effective communication.
15.
Name two workplace stressors and give an example of each.
16.
List the steps of the management by objectives (MBO) approach.
17.
Provide two instances when written communication should be utilized and two when the choice should be oral communication.
18.
List the stages in Tuckman's model of group development including the phase added later in his work. Briefly describe the nature of each stage.
19.
Describe some of Frederick Taylor's observations that led to his development of the scientific management philosophy.
20.
Briefly discuss the elements in the communication process.
Page 1
Page 2
.
Organic vs Mechanistic StructuresMechanistic OrganicIn.docxhopeaustin33688
Organic vs Mechanistic Structures
Mechanistic Organic
Individual specialization:
Employees work separately
and specialize in one task
Joint Specialization:
Employees work together and
coordinate tasks
Simple integrating mechanisms:
Hierarchy of authority well-defined
Complex integrating mechanisms:
task forces and teams are primary
integrating mechanisms
Centralization:
Decision-making kept as high as possible.
Most communication is vertical.
Decentralization:
Authority to control tasks is delegated.
Most communication lateral
Standardization:
Extensive use made of rules & Standard
Operating Procedures
Mutual Adjustment:
Face-to-face contact for coordination.
Work process tends to be unpredictable
Much written communication Much verbal communication
Informal status in org based on size of
empire
Informal status based on perceived
brilliance
Organization is a network of positions,
corresponding to tasks. Typically each
person corresponds to one task
Organization is network of persons or
teams. People work in different capacities
simultaneously and over time
Page 1 of 1Organic vs Mechanistic Structures
6/24/2014http://www.analytictech.com/mb021/organic_vs_mechanistic_structure.htm
Question 1.1. (TCO 4) The ABC format stands for (Points : 5)
abstract, body, conclusion.
analysis, body, content.
appendix, block, conclusion.
attention, build, conclude.
Question 2.2. (TCO 1) Parallelism in a list refers to (Points : 5)
using bullets and numbers.
using no more than 10 items in a list.
keeping all points grammatically the same.
keeping all points as short as possible.
Question 3.3. (TCO 1) Graphics receive the most attention when they are placed where on a page? (Points : 5)
Near the bottom of the page
In the center of the page
Near the top of the page
On the right-hand side of the page
Question 4.4. (TCO 2) Formal definitions include all of the following except (Points : 5)
the term itself.
a class to which the term belongs.
distinguishing features of the term.
several paragraphs or more.
Question 5.5. (TCO 2) Effective instructions include (Points : 5)
placing only one action in each step.
beginning each step with a noun.
avoiding the use of lists.
first-person references.
Question 6.6. (TCO 3) The "you" attitude best refers to which of the following? (Points : 5)
A focus on “you,” the writer
A focus on your reader’s perspective
The use of writer-centered prose
The use of first person
Question 7.7. (TCO 3) When writing a bad-news message, it’s best to (Points : 5)
open with the bad news first.
open with a buffer statement.
place the bad news last.
use e-mail when possible.
Question 8.8. (TCO 5) At a presentation, most listeners remember information best when it is grouped in (Points : 5)
three.
Page 1Question 1. 1. (TCO All) For the next set of questions ,.docxalfred4lewis58146
Page 1
Question 1. 1. (TCO All) For the next set of questions , you will first select ONE of the TCOs of the course. Then, you will be asked to write an essay about the project you worked on this term over your two companies’ change program based on the TCO you selected above. Select the TCO your essay question will cover:
TCO A - Given that progressive and successful companies require their employees to embrace change, examine how changing work conditions impact the employees.
TCO B - Given the inherent reality that all organizations must experience change in order to improve, demonstrate how “models” are used in Change Management, for diagnosing an organization’s need for change.
TCO C - Given external, internal and/or multi-levels of organization factors that drive change, assess and create a leadership model which supports and promotes each type of change within the organization.
TCO D - Given that an organization’s mission and vision will determine its strategy towards change, ensure that an organization’s change initiative is aligned with and capitalizes on its culture and mission in preparation for change.
TCO E - Given a selected Change Management implementation “model”, determine the causes of change and develop a plan of action to implement the change.
TCO F - Given that both organizations and their employees commonly resist change, understand how to recognize and overcome barriers to change and develop a strategy to manage resistance to change that will ensure successful implementation of change.
TCO G - Given that developing a “vision for change” and communicating that “vision” is a critical part of the change process, analyze the key elements of the “vision for change” and develop a strategy to communicate the change to the stakeholder.
TCO H - Given the organization’s goal of creating and implementing a sustainable change while moving toward becoming a “learning” organization, develop a plan to implement change in a sustainable manner that can be applied to any change.
Using the TCO you selected from the list above, which you felt was most relevant to your project this term, write an essay answer explaining how the change management you saw in one of your companies from your project this term followed or failed to follow the theory of success ingrained in the TCO you have selected.
State the #1 thing you think that company’s change agent did which most contributed to the success or failure of the change and why that relates to the TCO you selected.
· Include in the answer the name of the company you are discussing.
· Explain/analyze why you think this way.
(Points : 35)
Question 2. 2. (TCOs A, E) Your project this term asked you to compare and contrast two companies’ change projects or programs for change. This question will review what you learned about the change projects in a continuation of your project. It will ask you to apply course information to your project companies. For your answer, be sure to refe.
CIPD Assessment Report (AR1) FoundationTo be completed byVinaOconner450
CIPD Assessment Report:
(AR1)
Foundation
To be completed by candidate and assessor(s):
Centre name:
Victory Training and Development Institute
Candidate name:
1st/ 2nd/ 3rd Attempt
CIPD Membership/ registration No:
Unique Learner No (ULN) (if applicable):
Qualification title:
DHRP - Foundation
Unit title(s):
Supporting Good Practice in Performance and Reward Management
Unit code(s):
3PRM
Assignment
Assessment activity (and assignment title if applicable) and the learning outcomes addresses:
Activity 1 (AC 1.1, AC 1.2, AC 1.3, AC 2.1, AC 2.2, AC 3.1, AC 3.2, AC 4.1)
In pairs or small groups, research and discuss answers to the following. Then provide written individual responses, in your own words, to each question.
1. Explain at least 2 purposes of performance management and its relationship to business objectives.
2. Identify 3 components of performance management systems.
3. Explain the relationship between motivation and performance management, referring to at least 2 motivational theories.
4. Identify 2 purposes of reward within a performance management system.
5. Describe at least 3 components of a total reward system, 1 of which should be non-financial.
6. Explain the factors that should be considered when managing good and poor performance.
7. Describe at least 2 items of data, including 1 external to the organisation.
8. Explain the frequency, purpose and process of performance review.
.
To be completed by assessor(s):
Unit Code
Learning outcomes and Assessment criteria
Assessor comments
Provide rationale for judgements against each assessment criterion and identify areas for development
Pass/ Refer/Fail
3PRM
LO1
– Be able to explain the link between organisational success, performance management and motivation.
AC 1.1
- Describe the purpose of performance management and its relationship to business objectives.
Explain at least 2 purposes of performance management and its relationship to business objectives
AC 1.2
- Explain the components of performance management systems.
Identify 3 components of performance management systems.
AC 1.3
- Explain the relationship between motivation and performance management.
Explain the relationship between motivation and performance management, referring to at least 2 motivational theories.
3PRM
LO2
– Be able to explain the relationship between performance management and reward.
AC 2.1
- Explain the purpose of reward within a performance management system
Identify 2 purposes of reward within a performance management system.
AC2.2
- Identify and explain the components of an effective total reward system.
Describe at least 3 components of a total reward system, 1 of which should be non-financial.
3PRM
LO3
– Be able to contribute to effective performance and reward management in the workplace.
AC 3.1
· Identify and explain the factors that need to be considered when managing performance.
Explain the factors that should be considered w ...
ASSIGNMENT Jan-2019 MS-10 Organisational Design, Development and ChangeDotcom Publications
ASSIGNMENT Jan-2019
MS-10 Organisational Design, Development and Change
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2019 to the coordinator of your study center.
1. Describe any three organizational structures and their advantages and limitations. Illustrate with reference to an organization you are familiar with how restructuring help in the effectiveness of their organization.
2. Discuss the importance of quality of work life in the present day work – situation. Comment on the quality of working life at your present workplace or a workplace you are familiar with and if there needs any improvement suggest methods.
3. Explain how organizational analysis helps in the development of an organization. Illustrate an intervention which is used for the development of the organization which you are familiar with. Briefly describe the organization you are referring to.
4. What is an interview? Discuss how different types of interview methods citing examples.
5. Briefly describe the competencies required for a change agent and discuss the diverse roles of a change agent.
NameDateCourse PSA Title _______________________.docxpauline234567
Name:
Date:
Course:
PSA Title: _________________________
Opening Statement:
Role of Physical Educators:
Role of Sport Leaders:
Role of Exercise Scientists:
Strategies and Steps Individuals can do:
Word count:
MGT 420 Case study #4 Presentation worksheet:
Class
Names
Overview of the Organization:
1. Provide an overview of the chosen organization.
2. Justify the choice of the organization.
·
Why this organization?
3. Identify the change needed and how the issue has impacted the organization (
why is this a significant problem).
Good place to have a citation on both the slides + note pages
Organizational Subsystems in Need of Change Within the Organization:
1. Identify three of the subsystems in the organization that relate to the needed change that was identified.
2. Of the three subsystems chosen, identify the main subsystem that failed and led to the problem.
3. Provide a justification or explanation for choosing the main subsystem for change.
Remember an individual is not a subsystem, a department would be an example of a subsystem.
What is this the main subsystem (subsystem 1) and why?
Good place to have a citation on both the slides + note pages
Sub system 2
Sub systems 3
Impact of the Proposed Change on Two Other Organizational Subsystems:
1. Discuss how the proposed change will affect the other two subsystems identified.
2. Discuss any system realignment that may result from the changes proposed.
Explain how the change in the main sub system (subsystem 1) affect the other 2 sub-systems?
How will subsystem 2 change
How will subsystem 3 change
Subsystem Comparison to Another Organization:
1. Compare the chosen subsystem for change to the same subsystem in a different organization. The subsystem chosen should be from an organization that is successful in the area of change being proposed. Provide justification.
Compare the main sub system (subsystem 1) in your chose organization to the same sub system in a comparison organization
Good place to have a citation on both the slides + note pages
Satisfaction of Three Stakeholders:
1. Identify any three stakeholders in the organization affected by the proposed change.
2. Explain how the proposed change will satisfy each of the three stakeholders identified.
Identify 3 Stakeholders and how the change will affect them
Stakeholder 1 (and how they will be affected)
Stakeholder 2 (and how they will be affected)
Stakeholder 3 (and how they will be affected)
Good place to have a citation both the slides + note pages
Ethical and Social Responsibility
What does the organization’s website state about their view on ethics? Does the organization's published view on ethical standards conform to or differ from their practice(s)? Use the “
Four views of Ethics” to compare the published versus practiced ethical behavio.
Management Of Change & Organisational Development
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Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Z301 Organizational BehaviorDr. Eric CoulterExam 2Exam I.docxdanielfoster65629
Z301 Organizational Behavior
Dr. Eric Coulter
Exam 2
Exam Instructions
1. Give a concise but thorough answer to the following essay questions.
1. Your responses will be graded on completeness, applying concepts and examples both from the textbook and real-life experience.
1. Each question is worth 5 points (100 points total).
1.
One of the biggest complaints about college courses is often the requirement to work in groups. Many students are uncomfortable with group work because some of their colleagues do not fully participate in the assignments leaving individual members with extra work to do. What are some actions you can take the next time you are assigned to a group that will help prevent such social loafing in your group?
2.
Define and provide an example of body language.
3.
How does 360-degree feedback differ from the more traditional form?
4.
List and describe three factors which affect group cohesion.
5.
What are two individual approaches to managing stress?
6.
Name the four building blocks of Emotional Intelligence, and define each.
7.
Name three common biases in performance appraisals.
8.
Compare and contrast the uses for written and oral communication.
9.
What is the difference between a group and a team?
10.
Differentiate between a Type A personality and a Type B personality.
11.
Describe two physiological outcomes of stress.
12.
There are several types of temporary teams. Describe one such temporary team.
13.
List and define the core job characteristics found in the Hackman and Oldham model.
14.
Name, describe and provide an example of two barriers to effective communication.
15.
Name two workplace stressors and give an example of each.
16.
List the steps of the management by objectives (MBO) approach.
17.
Provide two instances when written communication should be utilized and two when the choice should be oral communication.
18.
List the stages in Tuckman's model of group development including the phase added later in his work. Briefly describe the nature of each stage.
19.
Describe some of Frederick Taylor's observations that led to his development of the scientific management philosophy.
20.
Briefly discuss the elements in the communication process.
Page 1
Page 2
.
Organic vs Mechanistic StructuresMechanistic OrganicIn.docxhopeaustin33688
Organic vs Mechanistic Structures
Mechanistic Organic
Individual specialization:
Employees work separately
and specialize in one task
Joint Specialization:
Employees work together and
coordinate tasks
Simple integrating mechanisms:
Hierarchy of authority well-defined
Complex integrating mechanisms:
task forces and teams are primary
integrating mechanisms
Centralization:
Decision-making kept as high as possible.
Most communication is vertical.
Decentralization:
Authority to control tasks is delegated.
Most communication lateral
Standardization:
Extensive use made of rules & Standard
Operating Procedures
Mutual Adjustment:
Face-to-face contact for coordination.
Work process tends to be unpredictable
Much written communication Much verbal communication
Informal status in org based on size of
empire
Informal status based on perceived
brilliance
Organization is a network of positions,
corresponding to tasks. Typically each
person corresponds to one task
Organization is network of persons or
teams. People work in different capacities
simultaneously and over time
Page 1 of 1Organic vs Mechanistic Structures
6/24/2014http://www.analytictech.com/mb021/organic_vs_mechanistic_structure.htm
Question 1.1. (TCO 4) The ABC format stands for (Points : 5)
abstract, body, conclusion.
analysis, body, content.
appendix, block, conclusion.
attention, build, conclude.
Question 2.2. (TCO 1) Parallelism in a list refers to (Points : 5)
using bullets and numbers.
using no more than 10 items in a list.
keeping all points grammatically the same.
keeping all points as short as possible.
Question 3.3. (TCO 1) Graphics receive the most attention when they are placed where on a page? (Points : 5)
Near the bottom of the page
In the center of the page
Near the top of the page
On the right-hand side of the page
Question 4.4. (TCO 2) Formal definitions include all of the following except (Points : 5)
the term itself.
a class to which the term belongs.
distinguishing features of the term.
several paragraphs or more.
Question 5.5. (TCO 2) Effective instructions include (Points : 5)
placing only one action in each step.
beginning each step with a noun.
avoiding the use of lists.
first-person references.
Question 6.6. (TCO 3) The "you" attitude best refers to which of the following? (Points : 5)
A focus on “you,” the writer
A focus on your reader’s perspective
The use of writer-centered prose
The use of first person
Question 7.7. (TCO 3) When writing a bad-news message, it’s best to (Points : 5)
open with the bad news first.
open with a buffer statement.
place the bad news last.
use e-mail when possible.
Question 8.8. (TCO 5) At a presentation, most listeners remember information best when it is grouped in (Points : 5)
three.
Page 1Question 1. 1. (TCO All) For the next set of questions ,.docxalfred4lewis58146
Page 1
Question 1. 1. (TCO All) For the next set of questions , you will first select ONE of the TCOs of the course. Then, you will be asked to write an essay about the project you worked on this term over your two companies’ change program based on the TCO you selected above. Select the TCO your essay question will cover:
TCO A - Given that progressive and successful companies require their employees to embrace change, examine how changing work conditions impact the employees.
TCO B - Given the inherent reality that all organizations must experience change in order to improve, demonstrate how “models” are used in Change Management, for diagnosing an organization’s need for change.
TCO C - Given external, internal and/or multi-levels of organization factors that drive change, assess and create a leadership model which supports and promotes each type of change within the organization.
TCO D - Given that an organization’s mission and vision will determine its strategy towards change, ensure that an organization’s change initiative is aligned with and capitalizes on its culture and mission in preparation for change.
TCO E - Given a selected Change Management implementation “model”, determine the causes of change and develop a plan of action to implement the change.
TCO F - Given that both organizations and their employees commonly resist change, understand how to recognize and overcome barriers to change and develop a strategy to manage resistance to change that will ensure successful implementation of change.
TCO G - Given that developing a “vision for change” and communicating that “vision” is a critical part of the change process, analyze the key elements of the “vision for change” and develop a strategy to communicate the change to the stakeholder.
TCO H - Given the organization’s goal of creating and implementing a sustainable change while moving toward becoming a “learning” organization, develop a plan to implement change in a sustainable manner that can be applied to any change.
Using the TCO you selected from the list above, which you felt was most relevant to your project this term, write an essay answer explaining how the change management you saw in one of your companies from your project this term followed or failed to follow the theory of success ingrained in the TCO you have selected.
State the #1 thing you think that company’s change agent did which most contributed to the success or failure of the change and why that relates to the TCO you selected.
· Include in the answer the name of the company you are discussing.
· Explain/analyze why you think this way.
(Points : 35)
Question 2. 2. (TCOs A, E) Your project this term asked you to compare and contrast two companies’ change projects or programs for change. This question will review what you learned about the change projects in a continuation of your project. It will ask you to apply course information to your project companies. For your answer, be sure to refe.
CIPD Assessment Report (AR1) FoundationTo be completed byVinaOconner450
CIPD Assessment Report:
(AR1)
Foundation
To be completed by candidate and assessor(s):
Centre name:
Victory Training and Development Institute
Candidate name:
1st/ 2nd/ 3rd Attempt
CIPD Membership/ registration No:
Unique Learner No (ULN) (if applicable):
Qualification title:
DHRP - Foundation
Unit title(s):
Supporting Good Practice in Performance and Reward Management
Unit code(s):
3PRM
Assignment
Assessment activity (and assignment title if applicable) and the learning outcomes addresses:
Activity 1 (AC 1.1, AC 1.2, AC 1.3, AC 2.1, AC 2.2, AC 3.1, AC 3.2, AC 4.1)
In pairs or small groups, research and discuss answers to the following. Then provide written individual responses, in your own words, to each question.
1. Explain at least 2 purposes of performance management and its relationship to business objectives.
2. Identify 3 components of performance management systems.
3. Explain the relationship between motivation and performance management, referring to at least 2 motivational theories.
4. Identify 2 purposes of reward within a performance management system.
5. Describe at least 3 components of a total reward system, 1 of which should be non-financial.
6. Explain the factors that should be considered when managing good and poor performance.
7. Describe at least 2 items of data, including 1 external to the organisation.
8. Explain the frequency, purpose and process of performance review.
.
To be completed by assessor(s):
Unit Code
Learning outcomes and Assessment criteria
Assessor comments
Provide rationale for judgements against each assessment criterion and identify areas for development
Pass/ Refer/Fail
3PRM
LO1
– Be able to explain the link between organisational success, performance management and motivation.
AC 1.1
- Describe the purpose of performance management and its relationship to business objectives.
Explain at least 2 purposes of performance management and its relationship to business objectives
AC 1.2
- Explain the components of performance management systems.
Identify 3 components of performance management systems.
AC 1.3
- Explain the relationship between motivation and performance management.
Explain the relationship between motivation and performance management, referring to at least 2 motivational theories.
3PRM
LO2
– Be able to explain the relationship between performance management and reward.
AC 2.1
- Explain the purpose of reward within a performance management system
Identify 2 purposes of reward within a performance management system.
AC2.2
- Identify and explain the components of an effective total reward system.
Describe at least 3 components of a total reward system, 1 of which should be non-financial.
3PRM
LO3
– Be able to contribute to effective performance and reward management in the workplace.
AC 3.1
· Identify and explain the factors that need to be considered when managing performance.
Explain the factors that should be considered w ...
ASSIGNMENT Jan-2019 MS-10 Organisational Design, Development and ChangeDotcom Publications
ASSIGNMENT Jan-2019
MS-10 Organisational Design, Development and Change
Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2019 to the coordinator of your study center.
1. Describe any three organizational structures and their advantages and limitations. Illustrate with reference to an organization you are familiar with how restructuring help in the effectiveness of their organization.
2. Discuss the importance of quality of work life in the present day work – situation. Comment on the quality of working life at your present workplace or a workplace you are familiar with and if there needs any improvement suggest methods.
3. Explain how organizational analysis helps in the development of an organization. Illustrate an intervention which is used for the development of the organization which you are familiar with. Briefly describe the organization you are referring to.
4. What is an interview? Discuss how different types of interview methods citing examples.
5. Briefly describe the competencies required for a change agent and discuss the diverse roles of a change agent.
NameDateCourse PSA Title _______________________.docxpauline234567
Name:
Date:
Course:
PSA Title: _________________________
Opening Statement:
Role of Physical Educators:
Role of Sport Leaders:
Role of Exercise Scientists:
Strategies and Steps Individuals can do:
Word count:
MGT 420 Case study #4 Presentation worksheet:
Class
Names
Overview of the Organization:
1. Provide an overview of the chosen organization.
2. Justify the choice of the organization.
·
Why this organization?
3. Identify the change needed and how the issue has impacted the organization (
why is this a significant problem).
Good place to have a citation on both the slides + note pages
Organizational Subsystems in Need of Change Within the Organization:
1. Identify three of the subsystems in the organization that relate to the needed change that was identified.
2. Of the three subsystems chosen, identify the main subsystem that failed and led to the problem.
3. Provide a justification or explanation for choosing the main subsystem for change.
Remember an individual is not a subsystem, a department would be an example of a subsystem.
What is this the main subsystem (subsystem 1) and why?
Good place to have a citation on both the slides + note pages
Sub system 2
Sub systems 3
Impact of the Proposed Change on Two Other Organizational Subsystems:
1. Discuss how the proposed change will affect the other two subsystems identified.
2. Discuss any system realignment that may result from the changes proposed.
Explain how the change in the main sub system (subsystem 1) affect the other 2 sub-systems?
How will subsystem 2 change
How will subsystem 3 change
Subsystem Comparison to Another Organization:
1. Compare the chosen subsystem for change to the same subsystem in a different organization. The subsystem chosen should be from an organization that is successful in the area of change being proposed. Provide justification.
Compare the main sub system (subsystem 1) in your chose organization to the same sub system in a comparison organization
Good place to have a citation on both the slides + note pages
Satisfaction of Three Stakeholders:
1. Identify any three stakeholders in the organization affected by the proposed change.
2. Explain how the proposed change will satisfy each of the three stakeholders identified.
Identify 3 Stakeholders and how the change will affect them
Stakeholder 1 (and how they will be affected)
Stakeholder 2 (and how they will be affected)
Stakeholder 3 (and how they will be affected)
Good place to have a citation both the slides + note pages
Ethical and Social Responsibility
What does the organization’s website state about their view on ethics? Does the organization's published view on ethical standards conform to or differ from their practice(s)? Use the “
Four views of Ethics” to compare the published versus practiced ethical behavio.
Management Of Change & Organisational Development
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Mgmt 591 final exam guide set 2 (new)
1. MGMT 591 Final Exam Guide Set 2 (New)
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MGMT 591 Final Exam Guide Set 2 (New)
1. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
2. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) Organizational behavior is an
interdisciplinary body of knowledge with strong ties to several academic disciplines.
Please identify three of the four primary areas.
3. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) OB defines stress in terms of both work
stressors and life stressors. Please identify four common sources of stress at work.
4. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) Please identify and briefly explain two
of the five dimensions of national culture.
5. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) What is organizational learning? Why
is it important for firms to emphasize organizational learning?
2. 6. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) What is the goal in studying and
applying organizational behavior concepts? Pick one of the four organizational
behavior disciplines and use a brief example to describe how it relates to this goal.
7. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) Identify the main elements included in
affective events theory. Select any two of these elements, and provide an example of
how the factor can influence an employee’s job performance and satisfaction.
8. SA 1. (TCOs A and B) What is organizational behavior, and to
what degree do you think an understanding of it may increase one’s managerial
success in the workplace?
9. End of Question Pool - "" End of pool to row
10. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
11 SA 2. (TCO D) Please define self-managing teams and identify
three of the five tasks a true self-managing team is responsible for.
12. SA 2. (TCO D) Referring to the team decision making process,
define consensus and unanimity, and explain the difference between the two.
3. 13. SA 2. (TCO D) There are six methods that teams use to make
decisions. Identify and define three of the six.
14. SA 2. (TCO D) What is groupthink? Why can groupthink be
detrimental to effective group functioning?
15. SA 2. (TCO D) What factors determine whether teams are
successful? Please briefly describe each factor.
16. End of Question Pool - "" End of pool to row
17. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
18. SA 3. (TCO E) Please define and explain the difference
between functional conflict and dysfunctional conflict.
19. SA 3. (TCO E) Identify and define four of the seven key
elements in the communication process. Give a specific example of a possible
breakdown in a communication flow.
20. SA 3. (TCO E) Please identify and give examples of four of
the five direct conflict management strategies.
21. SA 3. (TCO E) Please identify and give examples of four of
the five indirect conflict management strategies.
4. 22. SA 3. (TCO E) Identify four of the barriers to effective
communication and give an example of each.
23. SA 3. (TCO E) Based on the value of leadership
communication and conflict management skills presented in the course, list a
minimum of five major conflict resolution techniques that allow managers to control
dysfunctional conflict or increase conflict when it is too low between parties. Support
each technique with a clear and concise example of a manager's application of each
technique during conflict resolution situations in the workplace.
24. SA 3. (TCO E) Define the term channel richness as it relates to
the communication process. Briefly describe and defend which level of richness you
would select when addressing a workplace conflict in the antecedent stage.
25. End of Question Pool - "" End of pool to row
26. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
27. SA 4. (TCO E) What is leadership, and how does it differ from
management?
28. SA 4. (TCO E) Define power from an organizational behavior
perspective. What is the difference between power and influence?
5. 29. SA 4. (TCO E) There are two forms of personal power. Select
one of the forms. Explain the theory of how this power comes to be and is used. Then
provide an example of a person who possesses this type of power and how he/she uses
it.
30. SA 4. (TCO E) Compare and contrast charismatic and
transformational leadership styles. Provide two characteristics of each leadership
style.
31. SA 4. (TCO E) Differentiate between trait theories of
leadership and behavioral theories of leadership. Describe each and give an example
of each type of leadership.
32. End of Question Pool - "" End of pool to row
33. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
34. SA 5. (TCOs F and G) Explain how interpersonal conflict
occurs, and give two examples of substantive conflict and two examples of emotional
interpersonal conflict.
6. 35. SA 5. (TCOs F and G) Although conflict is usually considered
a negative experience to be avoided, it actually has the potential to produce positive
organizational outcomes. Please identify three ways in which conflict can be a
positive influence.
36. SA 5. (TCOs F and G) Describe and illustrate with an example
an advantage that face-to-face communication has over written communication.
Describe and illustrate with an example an advantage that written communication has
over face-to-face communication.
37. SA 5. (TCOs F and G) Workplace deviance is costly to both
organizations and employees. Victims of workplace deviance suffer from stress-
related conditions, decreased productivity, and low morale, and are more likely to
leave the organization. How can norms be used to reduce deviant workplace behavior?
1. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
2. EQ 1. (TCO B) Faxco Incorporated is a business with 500
employees. The CEO of the company has recently learned, based on employee
surveys, that the employees are not very happy with the company. In fact, the CEO is
starting to believe that this may be the reason why Faxco is experiencing slower sales
and a recent budget crisis that threatens to shut down the company in three years if it
is not fixed.
You are a consultant, and the CEO has asked you to visit the company for a week and
analyze what might be going wrong. Here are your notes from the week.
(1) Attended Manager 1's staff meeting. He has 200 employees working under him.
Manager 1 talked about the recent budget problems that Faxco is having. He said, "It's
7. not like we didn't know this was coming. The company makes a junky product
compared to our competitors, and half the time, I think the manufacturing department
is cutting corners." Manager 1 was overheard telling an employee, "I don't blame
anyone if they are looking for work elsewhere."
(2) You overheard three employees talking after Manager 1's staff meeting.
Employees are upset about the idea that the manufacturing department might be
cutting corners and creating junky products. The company advertises its products as
having the finest quality and durability.
(3) You attended Manager 2's staff meeting. He runs the tech department and has 20
employees. He was very upset with the marketing department. He stated, "Someone
over in marketing reported to the CEO that a computer technician from this
department was rude to them. I did not even ask who it was that was supposedly being
rude. I know we're all techies in this department together and we don't behave that
way." He also read an e-mail from a customer who said that someone from the tech
department was rude. His response was, "All these customers do is complain. It's us
versus them apparently, so we have to watch out."
In light of what you learned in MGMT591 about diversity, job satisfaction, and
attitudes, please write up a neatly-organized analysis for the CEO.
3. EQ 1. (TCO B) What is an attitude? Discuss the three basic
components of an attitude.
4. EQ 1. (TCO B) Discuss and provide examples of best practices
an organization can implement to leverage diversity in areas such as group
management, recruiting, hiring, retention, and development practices to increase an
organization’s competitive advantage.
8. 5. EQ 1. (TCO B) Just as Judy Garland and Mickey Rooney cried, "Let's
put on a show!" to solve problems in their 1940s movie lives, many businesses cry
"Let's build teams!" to attack problems ranging from low productivity to poor morale,
high costs, and missed deadlines. Likewise, in our Week 3 Case Study, Building a
Coalition, we had a team begin to form to address problems in the Washington, DC
school system. Employee teams intuitively seem to be a great idea and are certainly a
growing trend.
Use your newfound knowledge of teams and discuss the following three elements:
(a). Describe the stages of group development. Why is it important that managers have
an understanding of the group development process? (15 points)
(b). Identify and discuss three group property or team process elements you feel are
most important in building a high performing team. (15 points)
(c). Identify and discuss at least TWO factors that determine whether teams are
successful. (15 points).
6. EQ 1. (TCO B) Researchers report that heredity has a strong influence
on an individual’s personality. What are the implications of this in organizational
settings?
7. EQ 1. (TCO B) John supervises five employees at a local
manufacturing office and is trying to decide how to motivate them. The office is rather
small and his employees work an eight hour day with only a 30 minute break for lunch
(and they eat at their desks). He thinks that giving them a monetary bonus or a raise
might be the way to get the group to start producing more. Discuss why money might
not be a motivator to these employees, and what action could be taken instead to get
them motivated.
9. 8. EQ 1. (TCO B) You are the manager of a business that cleans
airliners. You are contracted by airlines to perform quick cleanups on planes between
flights, as well as more extensive cleanings while planes are parked overnight. The
airline industry is facing financial pressures and these pressures have trickled down to
you. The airlines are having their planes cleaned less often and, as a result, they are
dirtier when they are cleaned. It also seems like passengers are increasingly likely to
leave really gross stuff behind.
The work is difficult. Your employees have not received raises in some time, and it
likely that they won’t receive raises in the near future. The employees, individually
and as a group, are quite open about not liking their jobs. Your managers are placing
pressure on you to make the employees more productive. You subscribe to the theory
that workers who are more satisfied with their jobs are more productive. You cannot
give the employees raises, but you do have a very limited amount of discretionary
funds. What can you do to increase the workers’ level of job satisfaction? Provide five
specific steps you could take.
9. EQ 1. (TCO B) Juanita Perez strongly believes in working for
a company which promotes diversity. She is currently enrolled with you in a graduate
program with a major in human resources management; and, she aspires to become a
Chief Diversity Officer (CDO) in an organization respectful of differences. You have
taken several courses with her; and, you both have discussed the fact that adult
learners want to be involved and gain more exposure in the operations of the company
they work for. You understand that she is searching for a new job.
Recently, Juanita attended an interview, where she was told that the company follows
policies which focus on organizational diversity. This was very encouraging; and, she
left the interview with a very positive feeling. Based on what she learned about
selecting the right job early in one’s career, she decided to research the company’s
claims. In addition, she wanted to look back on the Life Style Inventory data results
(LSI) to review her personality traits and interests before considering taking a job if it
was offered from this company.
10. Three days later, Juanita received a telephone call from the Human Resources
department offering her the position she interviewed for the week prior. Based on the
research findings she gathered after her visit to the company, and your understanding
of using the LSI assessment tool for career decisions, please offer Juanita your
recommendation based on the data she shared with you about the organization she is
thinking about joining. She has to respond back with her decision within 48 hours;
and, emailed you for your constructive analysis of the data and advice. Reflect on the
research findings below, and prepare a detailed email with your recommendation.
Substantiate your argument and be specific to accept or turn down the job offer.
Juanita’s research about the company includes:
85% percent of the top management positions in the company are held by men.
She is the only Hispanic, Spanish speaking female in this division.
The workforce is not dominated by any specific ethnic or racial group.
The employees she talked with during her interview believe that they are treated
equally in spite of differences in performance.
Juanita’s LSI assessment points out positive leadership attributes and communication
skills verbal/written.
10. End of Question Pool - "" End of pool to row
11. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
12. EQ 2. (TCO E) You lead a team of marketing professionals. At a
recent team meeting, Curtis and Andrea got into an argument in front of you and are
no longer speaking to each other. Curtis came to you and complained that Andrea
always tries to get all of the attention. Andrea came to you with that same complaint
about Curtis after the argument. Recently you and your entire team took the Life
Styles Inventory (LSI). Andrea is Conventional while Curtis is Competitive. Your
11. style is Humanistic-Encouraging. You plan to hold a meeting with the three of you.
What four specific things will you cover, and how will you approach each part of the
communication differently based on the LSI results?
13. EQ 2. (TCO E) Mary has accepted a position as director of a non-
profit organization that represents a cause she deeply believes in. Her pay is $28,000
per year. Her position allows considerable flexibility, which is critical given her three
school age children and family needs. Additionally, Mary works with many peers who
she respects and her leadership essentially allows her the freedom to make decisions
without too much upper management review. Mary’s husband Bill works as a
Computer Engineer for a large consulting firm. His pay is $95,000 per year. Bill’s
work requires many late hours and weekends, as well as a considerable travel demand.
This means that Bill misses much of the children’s growing up experiences and that
Mary has to carry those responsibilities alone. Bill’s peers are extremely competitive
and the nature of the role allows little collaboration. Additionally, Bill’s boss is
extremely aggressive and a micromanager. He and Bill clash constantly, and the boss
has been very antagonistic and anxious that Bill is “out for his job.” Bill and Mary live
in a part of the country where the median wage for a professional is approximately
$65,000. Mary and Bill’s dinner time conversations seem to regularly revolve around
how dissatisfied they both are with their careers.
Evaluate reasons why each seems dissatisfied and recommend how each can work to
improve their levels of satisfaction in the workplace. What are their choices if they
cannot resolve their concerns?
14. EQ 2. (TCO E) Describe the communications process in detail,
including all key parts and their particular function; as well as movement of the
communications. Provide examples of each part and elaborate on each example.
15. EQ 2. (TCO E) The use of social networking by professionals
in the workplace as a means of communication is increasing dramatically. Describe
how the use of social networks enhances or reduces productivity at an organizational
level. Discuss how their social and work uses affect employee attitudes and behaviors.
12. 16. End of Question Pool - "" End of pool to row
17. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
18. EQ 3. (TCO E) Eagle Standard Inc., (ESI) a major engineering
firm, specializes in designing aircraft parts for government contracts. ESI employs
project managers and 42 engineers who are divided into project groups of six to seven
members. The majority of project team leaders have spent time in France and Britain
learning new technology. The Eagle 6 Project Team, consisting of six engineers, is
developing new equipment for a jet fighter. The project has been ongoing for 18
months, and all six engineers have been with this project group since its inception,
working together on all of these projects. Eagle 6 works well together.
However, the Eagle 6 team has the most technical project, and its engineers have been
working too much overtime. The senior project manager, Bruce Chalnick, interviewed
and hired a new engineer to help out, Richard Hue. Richard has good qualifications
and seems to be knowledgeable and motivated. The work is challenging and gives him
the opportunity to showcase his computer skills and engineering knowledge. Two
weeks in, he quickly became a contributing member of the team, showing initiative
and the willingness to work overtime and weekends to research possible solutions to
potential problems. Richard was particularly adept with the computer system, and
Bruce is ecstatic about his new hire. Richard is a loner, on and off the job. He is from
Country X, a small island with a high power-distance culture; all of the other members
of the team were born and raised in the United States.
After three months, Richard's learning curve had just about peaked, and he began to
suggest new ways of doing things. He offered to mentor the other engineers, but each
time he was rebuffed. He then went to Bruce Chalnick and asked for another part of
the program to work on. At that point, a senior member of Eagle 6, Tim Flossner, met
with Bruce to discuss Richard. Tim stated he was speaking for the rest of the team,
and said Richard is stuck up and arrogant. Tim said he and the other team members
felt Richard flaunts his education and knowledge, and none of them like him. In fact,
they can't stand him.
Bruce told Tim that Richard thinks that the rest of the team are slackers who talk
about bowling and sports instead of working. Richard thinks he is disliked because
he's from Country X.
13. Bruce wants to keep everyone in the company, and more importantly within the team,
so how should Bruce handle this problem? Detail what he should do by applying at
least two conflict management methods to enhance group and team performance.
Include roles and decision making in your response.
19. EQ 3. (TCO E) As a manager of people, it is inevitable that you will
have to deal with conflict issues. In our studies, we have identified the need to resolve
conflict when it is seen to be counter to the organization’s goals, and in some cases, to
stimulate conflict to arrive at organizational goals or increase performance. Select any
two of the nine conflict-resolution techniques. Explain how each technique could be
used to reduce or eliminate conflict. Provide an example scenario for each. (15 points
for each technique with an example scenario.) Select one of the four conflict-
stimulation techniques. Explain how that technique could be used to improve a
group’s performance. Provide an example scenario. (15 points)
20. EQ 3. (TCO E) In the small town of Evansville, Indiana,
Amberville Textiles was not producing parachute and military blankets as it did in its
height of success thirty years ago. When Joe Harley, the middle-level manager of the
production department at Amberville was laid off, many employees who worked
under him became apprehensive about their job security. They were aware of the
current trend toward laying-off employees in the textile industry.
The termination of their manager, combined with the fact that the plant had performed
only moderately well in the last two quarters, led the employees to believe that they
were at a high risk of losing their jobs as well. Rumors had spread about impending
lay-offs and the human resources manager was just developing the first formal inter-
departmental communication network for managers to put into place the same week
Joe Harley left the organization.
Analyze the current organizational and inter-departmental structure; then, prepare a
clear, concise process-improvement strategy plan, which you will present in writing to
the President and Human Resources Manager. Include specific examples of current
communication issues and specific suggestions for improvement. Conclude with two
recommendations for how the inter-departmental communication conflicts could be
14. altered to improve accurate and timely communication and productivity within the
current workforce.
21. EQ 3. (TCO E) You are the chair of the newly formed Campus
Speaker Committee, a student organization that selects campus speakers. The funding
for speakers selected by the committee comes from a wealthy, respected alumnus who
wants more controversial speakers to speak to students on campus. The alumnus gave
the school a $50,000 endowment earmarked for this purpose. However, his
endowment is contingent upon students’ ability to choose speakers without
interference from faculty and administration.
The Campus Speaker Committee has selected Representative Baker, a Republican
member of Congress who is actively involved in a number of controversial political
issues and is an alumnus of your college. The board of trustees for the college is
thrilled with the choice of a conservative speaker, but many students on campus have
given the announcement a lukewarm reception. Three days before the speaker’s
scheduled visit, an article in the student newspaper reveals that Representative Baker
was a member of a white supremacist group when he was in college. The article
reports that the white supremacist group still exists, and it lists the group’s website,
which is full of racist statements.
Many students and faculty are now denouncing the Campus Speaker Committee for
inviting such a person. The trustees and the school’s president downplay the
representative’s former involvement in the group and continue to support his speaking
on campus. The committee now must meet to decide whether or not to revoke
Representative Baker’s invitation to speak on campus.
Please respond to each of the following questions:
As the chair, consider potential barriers to effective communication and which
communication strategies you would recommend to help committee members to (a) to
minimize the possibility of groupthink; (b) to reach consensus if not unanimity. Why?
15. Specific conflict management (resolution and stimulation) techniques might help you
to negotiate an optimal solution? Discuss. Why?
How will you use the “dimensions of conflict handling intentions” to address any
conflict that may arise between committee members? Why?
22. EQ 3. (TCO E) William Smith and Julia Morin met each other during
cycling competitions in Brooklyn, New York two years ago. Each of them worked in
specialty bicycle shops in Manhattan as high-end mechanical technicians. Recently,
they began to ‘dream’ about the possibility of combining the two shops; then, starting
up a third shop in Brooklyn. Their shop owners loved the idea, but the twenty-five
current employees in each of the downtown Manhattan shops considered the start-up
store in Brooklyn a threat.
23. End of Question Pool - "" End of pool to row
24. Start of Question Pool - "" - The exam will display 1 of these questions
25. EQ 4. (TCOs C and D) Identify the five stages of team development, and
explain what happens at each stage. Give a specific example from your own
experience to highlight one of the stages.
16. 26. EQ 4. (TCOs C and D) When a team works together, it has a
huge range of skills available that it can utilize to deliver extraordinary results.
Explain how organizations can create team players.
27. EQ 4. (TCOs C and D) Congratulations! Your manager just
informed you that you’ve been promoted to the team lead role for a multi-functional,
virtual team. The stakes are high. The deliverables for this team are essential to the
organization’s strategic goals. Most of the team interaction will be online and your
charter is to effectively manage the team, keep executive management updated on the
status of critical milestones, and maintain a high performing team. Using the Team
Effectiveness Model as a foundation, analyze and prioritize one solution from each
category of the model (context, composition, and process) that you believe creates the
best foundation for your team’s success. Provide your rationale for your recommended
solutions.
28. EQ 4. (TCOs C and D) The amount of cohesiveness and diversity
found within teams can have both positive and negative effects upon a team’s
performance. Answer the following.
(a). Describe how a team’s level of cohesiveness could have a negative impact upon
performance.
(b). List four ways to increase team cohesiveness.
(c). How can increasing diversity in team membership decrease the team’s
performance? d. Indicate two ways to improve performance within diverse teams.
29. EQ 4. (TCOs C and D) Monica was recently promoted to the
manager role for a large function in her organization that oversees global regulatory
compliance for the company’s products. Her prior department—Customer
Complaints—is just one of the functional groups that provide input for her new
department’s charter. Monica is tasked with revising a set of complex processes to
improve the quality and timeliness of regulatory reporting, and she has asked you for
some recommendations about team format. Considering the numerous inputs and
outputs of the affected processes, and the global reporting requirement, should Monica
create a cross-functional team, a problem-solving team, a virtual team, or a hybrid?
17. After careful analysis, write up your recommended team format and defend your
reasons for the type of team Monica should establish.
30. EQ 4. (TCOs C and D) Managers and leaders must possess
good communication skills in order to be successful and achieve their goals. However,
there are many barriers to effective communication. Please describe five common
barriers to effective communication that managers and leaders often need to
overcome. Evaluate each of the five barrier’s significance to the communication
process. Then, identify an action that a manager or leader could take to overcome each
barrier.