The document outlines the expansion of Mexico and the United States from 1810 to 1856, highlighting key events such as the Texas Revolution, the Mexican-American War, and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which resulted in the U.S. acquiring significant territories. It also discusses the demographic implications of this expansion, noting the rise of the Hispanic population in the U.S. and the complexities surrounding immigration and ethnicity. The aftermath of these events left U.S.-Mexico relations strained and set the stage for future conflicts and civil war leaders to emerge from this war's experience.

1. Mexico Expansion 1810-1856

2. 1824 A newly free Mexico wants to settle in their northern most regions Americans were living in this territory and the Mexican government wanted them to become Catholic

3. 1835 Tejanos (Americans of Texas) Miles and Sam Austin Republic of Texas declares Independence and begins a War with Mexico Including the Battle at the Alamo War ended in 1836 Mexican Government

4. 1845 Texas joins the United States of America

6. MANIFEST DESTINY IN THE UNITED STATES 1840’s: United States wants to extend the “boundaries of freedom”

7. Reasons for Expansion in the US Higher birth rates and increases in population due to immigration. Nearly 4 million move west between 1820-1850 Two economic depressions (1818 & 1839) Frontier land was cheap (or free) New areas for commerce and individual self-advancement Land ownership = personal power Desire to trade on the West Coast

8. 1845 Mexico breaks off friendly ties with the United States after they make Texas a state (James Polk is US President) US General Zachary Taylor moves into Mexican land near the Rio Grande The Mexican American War begins! Interesting Fact! Ulysses S. Grant (against the war), Abraham Lincoln (against the war)

9. 1847 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Mexico surrenders in Mexico City Mexico gives up over 1/3 of it’s territory Texas, California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Wyoming & Colorado) US was to pay $15 million (not completely paid)

10. Consequences of Conflict 1. The United States acquired the northern half of Mexico . This area later became the U.S. states of California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico and Utah. 2. President Santa Anna lost power in Mexico following the war . 3. U.S. General Zachary Taylor used his fame as a war hero to win the Presidency in 1848. A true irony is that President Polk, a Democrat, pushed for the war that led to Taylor, a Whig, winning the White House. 4. Relations between the United States and Mexico remained tense for many decades to come, with several military encounters along the border . 5. For the United States, this war provided a training-ground for the men who would lead the Northern and Southern armies in the upcoming American Civil War.

11. War Casualities United States -- 13,780 dead, many more wounded. Mexico -- Much higher than the U.S. total. One figure put Mexican casualties at approximately 25,000.

12. Territory the United States Received in Treaty All of the Mexicans living in this territory instantly became Americans. They had the choice to move or they could stay

13. Hispanics in the United States Today Hispanic and Latino are ethnic terms, not racial terms Hispanics and Latinos can be of any race 16% of the US Population 48.4 million people Largest ethnic minority in the United States Black Americans are the largest racial minority

14. Statistics 49% of the total Hispanic population lives in either California or Texas California, Texas, Florida, New York and Illinois (5 states with largest populations) 44% of the population in New Mexico is Hispanic About 35% of the California and Texas’ population are Hispanic

15. Origins 64% of all Hispanics in the United States today are Mexican 9% Puerto Rican 4% Cuban Close to 11 million illegal immigrants living in the United States 56% from Mexico; 22% from other Spanish Speaking Countries