A method is a block of code that performs a specific task and can be called from other parts of a program. Methods allow programmers to break programs into smaller, reusable pieces of code. Declaring a method involves specifying its name, parameters, return type, and body. Methods make code more organized and reusable, and allow avoiding duplicated code. Parameters allow passing information to methods to change their behavior. Methods can return values using the return statement.

1. Introduction Methods

2. What is a Method ? A method is a kind of building block that solves a small problem A piece of code that has a name and can be called from the other code Methods allow programmers to construct large programs from simple pieces Methods are also known as functions , procedures , and subroutines

3. Why Use Methods? More manageable programming Better organization of the program Easy to read programs Avoid repeating code Code reusability Using existing methods several times

4. Declaring and Creating Methods

5. Declaring and Creating Methods Each method has a name It is used to call the method Describes its purpose public static void printLogo () { System.out.println("FunSoft Corp."); System.out.println ("www.funsoft.bg"); }

6. Declaring and Creating Methods (2) Methods declared public can be called by any other classes This will be discussed later in details Methods declared static can be called by any other method (static or not) This will also be discussed later The keyword void means that the method does not return any result public s tatic void p rintLogo( ) { System.out.println("FunSoft Corp."); System.out.println ("www.funsoft.bg"); }

7. Declaring and Creating Methods (3) Each method has a body It contains the programming code Surrounded by { and } public static void printLogo() { System.out.println("FunSoft Corp."); System.out.println("www.funsoft.bg"); }

8. Using Parameters Defining and Using Method Parameters

9. Method Parameters To pass information to a method, you can use parameters You can pass zero or several values You can pass values of different types Use parameters to change the way the method works every time you call it

10. Defining and Using Method Parameters Method’s behavior depends on its parameters Parameters can be of any type int , double , String , etc. arrays ( int[] , double[] , etc.) public static void printSign( int number ) { if ( number > 0) System.out.println(&quot;Positive&quot;); else if ( number < 0) System.out.println(&quot;Negative&quot;); else System.out.println(&quot;Zero&quot;); }

11. Returning Values From Methods

12. Returning Values From Methods A method can return a value to its caller Returned value: Can be assigned to a variable: Can be used in expressions: Can be passed to another method: String message = input.nextLine(); // input.nextLine() returns a string float price = g etPrice () * quantity * 1.20; System.out.println( input.nextLine() ) ;

13. Creating a Method That Returns a Value Instead of void , specify the type of data you want to return Methods can return any type of data ( int , String , array, etc.) void methods do not return anything Use return keyword to return a result public static int multiply(int number1, int number2) { return number1 * number2; }

14. return Statement return statement: Terminates method’s execution Returns the given expression to the caller To terminate void method, simply write return; You can use return several times in a method

15. Questions ? Methods – Introduction