Methods for extraction of proteins
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•353 views
This document discusses methods for protein extraction. It outlines various techniques for isolating and purifying proteins from biological samples. The document concludes by thanking the reader for their attention to this topic of protein extraction methods.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
First order kinetics
First order kinetics describes a process where the rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. The rate increases linearly as the concentration increases. The concentration decreases over time but the reaction is never complete. Drug metabolism often follows first order kinetics, where a constant fraction of the drug is metabolized per unit of time. This can be expressed by the rate equation dC/dt = -kC, where C is the concentration and k is the rate constant. The half-life of a first order reaction is calculated from the rate constant. Pseudo-first order kinetics can also describe drug elimination from tissue where high concentrations of tissue components interact with drugs.
Digestion & absorption of CHO
Digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth through the action of salivary amylase on starches. Further digestion occurs in the small intestine by pancreatic amylase and brush border membrane enzymes which break down starches and disaccharides into monosaccharides like glucose, fructose and galactose. Monosaccharides are absorbed into the bloodstream via active transport mediated by SGLUT1 or facilitative transport via GLUT transporters. Glucose is transported to the liver via the portal vein and converted to glycogen for storage or distributed to body cells, regulated by insulin which stimulates GLUT4 transporter expression.
Food drug interaction
discusses about the interaction of certain drugs with some food materials and explains in detail about the effect of food on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Also dicsussed about the pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenomic aspects
Gastro ia ppt
Gastrointestinal agents are drugs used to treat gastrointestinal disorders like achlorhydria, hyperacidity, constipation, and diarrhea. Acidifiers increase acid concentration in the GI tract and are used to treat achlorhydria. Dilute hydrochloric acid maintains or increases stomach acid levels and pH. Antacids neutralize excess stomach acid in hyperacidity. Common acidifiers and antacids include ammonium chloride, dilute hydrochloric acid, and sodium bicarbonate.
Chemical kinetics
1) The document discusses various topics related to chemical kinetics including reaction order, molecularity, and rate laws for zero-order, first-order, and second-order reactions.
2) It provides examples and characteristics of zero-order reactions where the rate is independent of concentration and the rate law is equal to the rate constant. It also discusses calculating half-life and shelf life for zero-order reactions.
3) First-order reactions are described where the rate is directly proportional to the concentration of one reactant and the integrated rate law results in an exponential decay of concentration over time. Half-life calculations for first-order reactions are also covered.
4) Second-order reactions have the rate directly proportional
Heme catabolism
The document discusses amino acid metabolism and the catabolism of heme. It covers general reactions of amino acid metabolism including transamination, deamination, decarboxylation, and the urea cycle. It also discusses the catabolism of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and their metabolic disorders. Furthermore, it summarizes the catabolism of heme which involves the breakdown of hemoglobin to heme, then biliverdin by heme oxygenase, and bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Bilirubin is conjugated and excreted in urine and feces.
Enzyme induction and repression
This document defines and provides examples of enzyme induction and enzyme repression. It explains that enzyme induction occurs when a molecule like a drug binds to and increases the metabolic activity of an enzyme. This can increase clearance of a concomitantly administered drug and reduce its efficacy. Enzyme repression occurs when effectors alter the configuration of the operator so that polymerase binding is less efficient or prevented. Understanding enzyme induction and repression is important for analyzing drug reactions, studying toxicity, and understanding various body reactions and hormone production or depletion.
Bioavailability
Bioavailability refers to the amount of drug that reaches systemic circulation in an unchanged form following administration. It is measured as the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) following oral administration divided by the AUC following intravenous administration. Factors that affect bioavailability include absorption from the site of administration, first-pass metabolism in the liver and gut, chemical instability in the GI tract, solubility of the drug, and pharmaceutical formulation. Drugs with a high extraction ratio undergo significant first-pass metabolism, reducing their oral bioavailability. Alternative routes of administration can be used to avoid first-pass metabolism. Bioequivalence refers to different formulations having the same bioavailability and absorption rates, while bioinequivalence means they
Recommended
First order kinetics
First order kinetics describes a process where the rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. The rate increases linearly as the concentration increases. The concentration decreases over time but the reaction is never complete. Drug metabolism often follows first order kinetics, where a constant fraction of the drug is metabolized per unit of time. This can be expressed by the rate equation dC/dt = -kC, where C is the concentration and k is the rate constant. The half-life of a first order reaction is calculated from the rate constant. Pseudo-first order kinetics can also describe drug elimination from tissue where high concentrations of tissue components interact with drugs.
Digestion & absorption of CHO
Digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth through the action of salivary amylase on starches. Further digestion occurs in the small intestine by pancreatic amylase and brush border membrane enzymes which break down starches and disaccharides into monosaccharides like glucose, fructose and galactose. Monosaccharides are absorbed into the bloodstream via active transport mediated by SGLUT1 or facilitative transport via GLUT transporters. Glucose is transported to the liver via the portal vein and converted to glycogen for storage or distributed to body cells, regulated by insulin which stimulates GLUT4 transporter expression.
Food drug interaction
discusses about the interaction of certain drugs with some food materials and explains in detail about the effect of food on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Also dicsussed about the pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenomic aspects
Gastro ia ppt
Gastrointestinal agents are drugs used to treat gastrointestinal disorders like achlorhydria, hyperacidity, constipation, and diarrhea. Acidifiers increase acid concentration in the GI tract and are used to treat achlorhydria. Dilute hydrochloric acid maintains or increases stomach acid levels and pH. Antacids neutralize excess stomach acid in hyperacidity. Common acidifiers and antacids include ammonium chloride, dilute hydrochloric acid, and sodium bicarbonate.
Chemical kinetics
1) The document discusses various topics related to chemical kinetics including reaction order, molecularity, and rate laws for zero-order, first-order, and second-order reactions.
2) It provides examples and characteristics of zero-order reactions where the rate is independent of concentration and the rate law is equal to the rate constant. It also discusses calculating half-life and shelf life for zero-order reactions.
3) First-order reactions are described where the rate is directly proportional to the concentration of one reactant and the integrated rate law results in an exponential decay of concentration over time. Half-life calculations for first-order reactions are also covered.
4) Second-order reactions have the rate directly proportional
Heme catabolism
The document discusses amino acid metabolism and the catabolism of heme. It covers general reactions of amino acid metabolism including transamination, deamination, decarboxylation, and the urea cycle. It also discusses the catabolism of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and their metabolic disorders. Furthermore, it summarizes the catabolism of heme which involves the breakdown of hemoglobin to heme, then biliverdin by heme oxygenase, and bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Bilirubin is conjugated and excreted in urine and feces.
Enzyme induction and repression
This document defines and provides examples of enzyme induction and enzyme repression. It explains that enzyme induction occurs when a molecule like a drug binds to and increases the metabolic activity of an enzyme. This can increase clearance of a concomitantly administered drug and reduce its efficacy. Enzyme repression occurs when effectors alter the configuration of the operator so that polymerase binding is less efficient or prevented. Understanding enzyme induction and repression is important for analyzing drug reactions, studying toxicity, and understanding various body reactions and hormone production or depletion.
Bioavailability
Bioavailability refers to the amount of drug that reaches systemic circulation in an unchanged form following administration. It is measured as the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) following oral administration divided by the AUC following intravenous administration. Factors that affect bioavailability include absorption from the site of administration, first-pass metabolism in the liver and gut, chemical instability in the GI tract, solubility of the drug, and pharmaceutical formulation. Drugs with a high extraction ratio undergo significant first-pass metabolism, reducing their oral bioavailability. Alternative routes of administration can be used to avoid first-pass metabolism. Bioequivalence refers to different formulations having the same bioavailability and absorption rates, while bioinequivalence means they
PPT II Disorders associated with nucleotides metabolism.pptx
Disorders of nucleotide metabolism can involve purine or pyrimidine metabolism. Disorders of purine metabolism can cause hyperuricemia or hypouricemia. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is an X-linked disorder causing HGPRTase deficiency, decreased purine salvage, accumulation of PRPP, reduced inhibitory purine nucleotides, self-mutilation and mental retardation. Disorders of pyrimidine metabolism include orotic aciduria types I and II, causing orotic acid accumulation, megaloblastic anemia and growth issues. Anticancer agents like methotrexate and fluorouracil inhibit enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine synthesis.
Metabolism
The document discusses drug metabolism and biotransformation. It notes that the primary site of drug metabolism is the liver, where drugs undergo chemical alterations through reactions like oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and conjugation. These reactions are carried out by enzymes like cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyl transferases. Certain drugs can inhibit or induce these drug-metabolizing enzymes, resulting in clinically significant drug-drug interactions.
P- glycoproteins
P glycoprotein is an efflux transporter that pumps certain drugs and toxins out of cells. It is expressed in the liver, kidneys, intestines and blood brain barrier, protecting tissues from harmful substances. P glycoprotein is a 170 kDa membrane protein composed of two symmetrical halves that contain transmembrane and ATP binding domains. It transports substrates by undergoing conformational changes upon ATP hydrolysis. P glycoprotein contributes to multi-drug resistance in cancer and limits oral absorption and brain penetration of many drugs. Genetic polymorphisms and drug interactions involving P glycoprotein inhibition or induction can significantly impact a drug's pharmacokinetics and toxicity.
Biochemistry lab manual II semester
The document provides instructions for experiments to qualitatively analyze unknown samples of carbohydrates. It includes the theory, procedures, observations, and conclusions for tests to identify monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Students are asked to perform a series of chemical tests on provided carbohydrate samples and unknowns to determine their identities based on color changes and precipitate formations.
CREATININE METABOLISM, uric acid biosynthesis and melanin synthesis.pptx
Creatinine metabolism occurs in the kidney and liver from amino acids and is stored as creatine phosphate in muscle and brain. It is normally excreted in urine. Uric acid is produced from purine metabolism and breakdown and is excreted primarily by the kidney. Elevated uric acid levels can cause gout due to precipitation of urate crystals in joints. Gout can be primary from inborn enzyme defects or secondary from other causes that increase uric acid production or decrease excretion like renal disease. Treatment involves diet modification and drugs like allopurinol.
carbohydrates ppt
This document provides information about carbohydrates including their history, occurrence, classification, isolation, properties, identification tests, pharmaceutical importance, and pharmacognostic study of individual carbohydrate-containing drugs. It discusses the various classes of carbohydrates such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. Examples are provided for each class. The document also outlines methods for extracting different types of carbohydrates from plant materials and identifying carbohydrates using common chemical tests. The pharmaceutical uses and importance of some specific carbohydrates are highlighted. Individual drug monographs on pectin, guar gum, agar, acacia, honey, isapgol, and tragacanth are also included which detail
Energetics.pptx
Energetics
Formation and role of ATP, Creatinine Phosphate and BMR.
References;
Ankur Chaudhari; Pharmaguideline; formation and role of ATP, Creatinine Phosphate; And BMR
https://www.biologyonline.com/tutorials/biological-energy-adp-atp
https://byjus.com/biology/energy-currency-of-the -cell/
https://gbsleiden.com/bioenergetics/
https://www.brainkart.com/article/basal-metabolic-rate-%28BMR%29-the-minimum-energy-expenditure-for-the-body-to-exist_19947/
Vitamin by tkvs
This document discusses vitamin B1 (thiamine). It defines vitamins and provides information on the chemistry, dietary sources, deficiency symptoms, and physiological significance of vitamin B1. Key points include: vitamin B1 enables the body to use carbohydrates as energy and plays a role in nerve, muscle, and heart function; common dietary sources include cereals, pulses, nuts, and pork; deficiency can cause beri-beri and symptoms like weakness; and the active form, thiamine pyrophosphate, is important for glucose metabolism and energy releasing reactions.
IBS Press Release
WIUX student radio received 13 nominations from the Intercollegiate Broadcasting System for their 2015 awards. The nominations recognized excellence in news interviews, sports broadcasting, station IDs, live music broadcasts, programming, underwriting, and websites. Last year WIUX won for Best News Interview. The IBS Awards ceremony will be held on March 7 in New York City during their annual conference to honor outstanding college radio stations.
UNDER CONTRACT! 813 S 101st St West Allis WI 53214 | Home for Sale
This charming, turn-key home in West Allis is waiting for you! If you are looking for a move-in ready home in the suburbs of West Allis, with a an updated interior featuring the modern conveniences necessary in daily life, this could be the home you are looking for.
Horario de clasees
El documento presenta el horario semanal de una persona, con las asignaturas de Informática Aplicada, Ética y Moral, Ecología Marítima, Comunicación Oral y Escrita, Geografía de Panamá y el Mundo, e incluye también horas de optativas.
Modelo kawa
Este documento presenta el Modelo Kawa, un modelo reciente de Terapia Ocupacional basado en las prácticas de Asia. El modelo usa la metáfora de un río para representar el flujo de la vida de una persona y cómo están influenciados por factores ambientales y personales. El objetivo del modelo es promover la armonía entre la persona y su entorno a través de entender su contexto socio-cultural y ayudarles a superar obstáculos. El documento también presenta ejemplos de cómo estudiantes han aplicado la metáfora del río para
Web Archiving Activities of ODU’s Web Science and Digital Library Research G...
Michael L. Nelson
@phonedude_mln
Michele C. Weigle
@weiglemc
National Symposium on Web Archiving Interoperability
2017-02-21
Many projects joint with LANL
Funding from NSF, IMLS, NEH, and AMF
Πρώτες Βοήθειες -15ο Γυμνάσιο Πατρών-.2016 17
Μάθημα Πρώτων Βοηθειών από τον Ελληνικό Ερυθρό Σταυρό στους μαθητές της Α΄Τάξης του 15ου Γυμνασίου Πατρών
molecular biology LECTURE 1 DNA & rna.pptx
Molecular biology is the study of macromolecules like nucleic acids and proteins that are essential for life. The document discusses nucleic acids DNA and RNA. It defines DNA as containing the genetic material organized in chromosomes, while RNA plays important roles in protein synthesis. It describes the structures of nucleotides, DNA, RNA, and how DNA packages into chromatin and chromosomes.
cell cycle and mitosis
The document summarizes the cell cycle and its phases. It discusses that the cell cycle consists of interphase and the M phase. Interphase is further divided into G1, S, and G2 phases where the cell grows and DNA is replicated. The M phase consists of mitosis which has four phases - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase where the chromosomes separate and two daughter nuclei are formed. Cytokinesis then divides the cytoplasm, completing cell division into two daughter cells.
Proteinse quencing
This document discusses methods for separating, detecting, and sequencing amino acids and proteins. It describes how chromatography techniques like ion exchange chromatography, HPLC, and gas chromatography can be used to separate amino acids based on their ionic character, affinity to matrices, or volatility. Electrophoresis can also separate amino acids and proteins based on their charge and size. The document then outlines the steps involved in conventional protein sequencing, including separating polypeptide chains, cleaving disulfide bridges, determining chain composition, and fragmenting the chains enzymatically or chemically to determine overlapping sequences.
Molecular biology of the gene ch 13 rna splicing part1
This document discusses RNA splicing in eukaryotic genes. It describes how introns and exons can vary greatly in size between genes, with introns often being much longer than exons. The splicing process is directed by splice sites and branch point sequences in the pre-mRNA. It involves two transesterification reactions that cut out the intron and join the exons. This splicing reaction is carried out by a large molecular machine called the spliceosome, which contains five small nuclear RNAs and associated proteins. The spliceosome recognizes splice sites and catalyzes the chemical reactions of splicing.
Biomarkers omics 1
This document provides an introduction to omics technology. It defines omics as the comprehensive study of complex biological systems focusing on large sets of biological molecules. The main types of omics technologies discussed are genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. The history of omics is traced back to the 1970s with the first genome sequencing. Omics uses the suffix -omics to refer to fields of study like genomics and focuses on the objects of study called omes, such as the genome or proteome. Software tools and databases are also mentioned that support various omics analyses.
Antioxidant enzymes and human health
The document discusses antioxidants and their role in human health. It defines antioxidants as molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules and prevent free radical damage. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells, but antioxidant enzymes work to stabilize free radicals. Many health conditions are linked to oxidative stress caused by free radicals, including aging, cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. The body has both endogenous and dietary antioxidant systems to protect against free radical damage through catalytic removal of radicals and protection of macromolecules.
More Related Content
What's hot
PPT II Disorders associated with nucleotides metabolism.pptx
Disorders of nucleotide metabolism can involve purine or pyrimidine metabolism. Disorders of purine metabolism can cause hyperuricemia or hypouricemia. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is an X-linked disorder causing HGPRTase deficiency, decreased purine salvage, accumulation of PRPP, reduced inhibitory purine nucleotides, self-mutilation and mental retardation. Disorders of pyrimidine metabolism include orotic aciduria types I and II, causing orotic acid accumulation, megaloblastic anemia and growth issues. Anticancer agents like methotrexate and fluorouracil inhibit enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine synthesis.
Metabolism
The document discusses drug metabolism and biotransformation. It notes that the primary site of drug metabolism is the liver, where drugs undergo chemical alterations through reactions like oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and conjugation. These reactions are carried out by enzymes like cytochrome P450 and UDP-glucuronosyl transferases. Certain drugs can inhibit or induce these drug-metabolizing enzymes, resulting in clinically significant drug-drug interactions.
P- glycoproteins
P glycoprotein is an efflux transporter that pumps certain drugs and toxins out of cells. It is expressed in the liver, kidneys, intestines and blood brain barrier, protecting tissues from harmful substances. P glycoprotein is a 170 kDa membrane protein composed of two symmetrical halves that contain transmembrane and ATP binding domains. It transports substrates by undergoing conformational changes upon ATP hydrolysis. P glycoprotein contributes to multi-drug resistance in cancer and limits oral absorption and brain penetration of many drugs. Genetic polymorphisms and drug interactions involving P glycoprotein inhibition or induction can significantly impact a drug's pharmacokinetics and toxicity.
Biochemistry lab manual II semester
The document provides instructions for experiments to qualitatively analyze unknown samples of carbohydrates. It includes the theory, procedures, observations, and conclusions for tests to identify monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Students are asked to perform a series of chemical tests on provided carbohydrate samples and unknowns to determine their identities based on color changes and precipitate formations.
CREATININE METABOLISM, uric acid biosynthesis and melanin synthesis.pptx
Creatinine metabolism occurs in the kidney and liver from amino acids and is stored as creatine phosphate in muscle and brain. It is normally excreted in urine. Uric acid is produced from purine metabolism and breakdown and is excreted primarily by the kidney. Elevated uric acid levels can cause gout due to precipitation of urate crystals in joints. Gout can be primary from inborn enzyme defects or secondary from other causes that increase uric acid production or decrease excretion like renal disease. Treatment involves diet modification and drugs like allopurinol.
carbohydrates ppt
This document provides information about carbohydrates including their history, occurrence, classification, isolation, properties, identification tests, pharmaceutical importance, and pharmacognostic study of individual carbohydrate-containing drugs. It discusses the various classes of carbohydrates such as monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides. Examples are provided for each class. The document also outlines methods for extracting different types of carbohydrates from plant materials and identifying carbohydrates using common chemical tests. The pharmaceutical uses and importance of some specific carbohydrates are highlighted. Individual drug monographs on pectin, guar gum, agar, acacia, honey, isapgol, and tragacanth are also included which detail
Energetics.pptx
Energetics
Formation and role of ATP, Creatinine Phosphate and BMR.
References;
Ankur Chaudhari; Pharmaguideline; formation and role of ATP, Creatinine Phosphate; And BMR
https://www.biologyonline.com/tutorials/biological-energy-adp-atp
https://byjus.com/biology/energy-currency-of-the -cell/
https://gbsleiden.com/bioenergetics/
https://www.brainkart.com/article/basal-metabolic-rate-%28BMR%29-the-minimum-energy-expenditure-for-the-body-to-exist_19947/
Vitamin by tkvs
This document discusses vitamin B1 (thiamine). It defines vitamins and provides information on the chemistry, dietary sources, deficiency symptoms, and physiological significance of vitamin B1. Key points include: vitamin B1 enables the body to use carbohydrates as energy and plays a role in nerve, muscle, and heart function; common dietary sources include cereals, pulses, nuts, and pork; deficiency can cause beri-beri and symptoms like weakness; and the active form, thiamine pyrophosphate, is important for glucose metabolism and energy releasing reactions.
What's hot (8)
PPT II Disorders associated with nucleotides metabolism.pptx
PPT II Disorders associated with nucleotides metabolism.pptx
CREATININE METABOLISM, uric acid biosynthesis and melanin synthesis.pptx
CREATININE METABOLISM, uric acid biosynthesis and melanin synthesis.pptx
Viewers also liked
IBS Press Release
WIUX student radio received 13 nominations from the Intercollegiate Broadcasting System for their 2015 awards. The nominations recognized excellence in news interviews, sports broadcasting, station IDs, live music broadcasts, programming, underwriting, and websites. Last year WIUX won for Best News Interview. The IBS Awards ceremony will be held on March 7 in New York City during their annual conference to honor outstanding college radio stations.
UNDER CONTRACT! 813 S 101st St West Allis WI 53214 | Home for Sale
This charming, turn-key home in West Allis is waiting for you! If you are looking for a move-in ready home in the suburbs of West Allis, with a an updated interior featuring the modern conveniences necessary in daily life, this could be the home you are looking for.
Horario de clasees
El documento presenta el horario semanal de una persona, con las asignaturas de Informática Aplicada, Ética y Moral, Ecología Marítima, Comunicación Oral y Escrita, Geografía de Panamá y el Mundo, e incluye también horas de optativas.
Modelo kawa
Este documento presenta el Modelo Kawa, un modelo reciente de Terapia Ocupacional basado en las prácticas de Asia. El modelo usa la metáfora de un río para representar el flujo de la vida de una persona y cómo están influenciados por factores ambientales y personales. El objetivo del modelo es promover la armonía entre la persona y su entorno a través de entender su contexto socio-cultural y ayudarles a superar obstáculos. El documento también presenta ejemplos de cómo estudiantes han aplicado la metáfora del río para
Web Archiving Activities of ODU’s Web Science and Digital Library Research G...
Michael L. Nelson
@phonedude_mln
Michele C. Weigle
@weiglemc
National Symposium on Web Archiving Interoperability
2017-02-21
Many projects joint with LANL
Funding from NSF, IMLS, NEH, and AMF
Πρώτες Βοήθειες -15ο Γυμνάσιο Πατρών-.2016 17
Μάθημα Πρώτων Βοηθειών από τον Ελληνικό Ερυθρό Σταυρό στους μαθητές της Α΄Τάξης του 15ου Γυμνασίου Πατρών
Viewers also liked (8)
UNDER CONTRACT! 813 S 101st St West Allis WI 53214 | Home for Sale
UNDER CONTRACT! 813 S 101st St West Allis WI 53214 | Home for Sale
Web Archiving Activities of ODU’s Web Science and Digital Library Research G...
Web Archiving Activities of ODU’s Web Science and Digital Library Research G...
More from Almustaqbal college University
molecular biology LECTURE 1 DNA & rna.pptx
Molecular biology is the study of macromolecules like nucleic acids and proteins that are essential for life. The document discusses nucleic acids DNA and RNA. It defines DNA as containing the genetic material organized in chromosomes, while RNA plays important roles in protein synthesis. It describes the structures of nucleotides, DNA, RNA, and how DNA packages into chromatin and chromosomes.
cell cycle and mitosis
The document summarizes the cell cycle and its phases. It discusses that the cell cycle consists of interphase and the M phase. Interphase is further divided into G1, S, and G2 phases where the cell grows and DNA is replicated. The M phase consists of mitosis which has four phases - prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase where the chromosomes separate and two daughter nuclei are formed. Cytokinesis then divides the cytoplasm, completing cell division into two daughter cells.
Proteinse quencing
This document discusses methods for separating, detecting, and sequencing amino acids and proteins. It describes how chromatography techniques like ion exchange chromatography, HPLC, and gas chromatography can be used to separate amino acids based on their ionic character, affinity to matrices, or volatility. Electrophoresis can also separate amino acids and proteins based on their charge and size. The document then outlines the steps involved in conventional protein sequencing, including separating polypeptide chains, cleaving disulfide bridges, determining chain composition, and fragmenting the chains enzymatically or chemically to determine overlapping sequences.
Molecular biology of the gene ch 13 rna splicing part1
This document discusses RNA splicing in eukaryotic genes. It describes how introns and exons can vary greatly in size between genes, with introns often being much longer than exons. The splicing process is directed by splice sites and branch point sequences in the pre-mRNA. It involves two transesterification reactions that cut out the intron and join the exons. This splicing reaction is carried out by a large molecular machine called the spliceosome, which contains five small nuclear RNAs and associated proteins. The spliceosome recognizes splice sites and catalyzes the chemical reactions of splicing.
Biomarkers omics 1
This document provides an introduction to omics technology. It defines omics as the comprehensive study of complex biological systems focusing on large sets of biological molecules. The main types of omics technologies discussed are genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. The history of omics is traced back to the 1970s with the first genome sequencing. Omics uses the suffix -omics to refer to fields of study like genomics and focuses on the objects of study called omes, such as the genome or proteome. Software tools and databases are also mentioned that support various omics analyses.
Antioxidant enzymes and human health
The document discusses antioxidants and their role in human health. It defines antioxidants as molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules and prevent free radical damage. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells, but antioxidant enzymes work to stabilize free radicals. Many health conditions are linked to oxidative stress caused by free radicals, including aging, cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. The body has both endogenous and dietary antioxidant systems to protect against free radical damage through catalytic removal of radicals and protection of macromolecules.
More from Almustaqbal college University (6)
Molecular biology of the gene ch 13 rna splicing part1
Molecular biology of the gene ch 13 rna splicing part1
Recently uploaded
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Particle-In-Cell (PIC) algorithm,
Plasma expansion in the dipole magnetic field.
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
SAR of Medicinal Chemistry 1st by dk.pdf
In this presentation include the prototype drug SAR on thus or with their examples .
Syllabus of Second Year B. Pharmacy
2019 PATTERN.
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Bordettela is a gram negative cocobacilli spread by air born drop let
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
Recently uploaded (20)
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
3D Hybrid PIC simulation of the plasma expansion (ISSS-14)
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Methods for extraction of proteins
- 31. 31 THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION