The document discusses mental status assessment. It defines mental status as a person's emotional and cognitive functioning, which allows them to function socially and occupationally. A traumatic life event can tip the balance of mental status and cause transient dysfunction. Assessing mental status during traumatic events can identify strengths and help individuals mobilize coping skills. Optimal functioning aims for life satisfaction in relationships, work, and within oneself. The document also discusses factors that can affect the interpretation of mental status examinations, such as medical conditions or medications. It provides details on components assessed in a mental status exam including appearance, behavior, mood, affect, orientation, and cognitive functions.
Assessing Mental State: looking, listening and askingPaul McNamara
Mental State Assessment (MSA) is a fundamental skill for nurses, doctors and others working in health care settings. This presentation covers some of the core skills required: looking, listening and asking.
Many thanks to Jenni Bryant, @JenCLNinja on Twitter, for sharing her work which provided the structure and much of the content of this presentation.
This document provides an overview of components to assess during a mental status examination (MSE). It describes how to evaluate a patient's appearance, speech, mood, affect, orientation, thought processes, thought content, perceptual problems, judgment, insight and impulse control. Key areas of examination include rate and content of speech, range and appropriateness of affect, clarity of orientation, level of abstraction, memory and evidence of confusion, delusions or hallucinations. The MSE framework aims to understand a patient's cognitive and emotional functioning through structured observation and interaction.
The mental status examination is a structured way to observe and describe a patient's current state of mind. It provides a comprehensive cross-sectional description of their mental state. When combined with biographical information from the patient history, it allows for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The examination collects data through direct observation, focused questions, and formal psychological tests to evaluate various domains like appearance, behavior, mood, thought processes, orientation, memory, and other cognitive functions.
The document discusses the components and process of conducting a mental status examination. It describes the mental status examination as an assessment of a patient's cognitive abilities, appearance, mood, and speech patterns. The summary includes identifying data, appearance, behavior, mood, thought content, cognition, insight, and conclusion. The examination is used to obtain a comprehensive understanding of a patient's current mental state in order to make diagnoses and develop treatment plans.
Mental status examination in Psychiatryvaibhav dua
This document provides an overview of the components of a mental status examination (MSE). It describes in detail how to evaluate a patient's appearance and behavior, psychomotor activity, speech, mood, affect, perception, thought process and content, attention, memory, intelligence, judgment, and insight. Key areas of examination include facial expression, posture, grooming, speech patterns, thought organization and content, presence of hallucinations or delusions, and level of insight. The document provides definitions and criteria for abnormal findings in each area to guide the examiner.
Mental state examination abstract thinking, insight and judgmentDr. Sunil Suthar
The document discusses abstract thinking and how it involves dealing with concepts voluntarily in various complex ways. It provides methods to test abstract thinking, such as proverb tests and assessing similarities between objects. The stages of cognitive development are outlined, with the stage of formal operations characterized by abstract thinking. The document also discusses intelligence, judgment, and insight, and how they relate to abstract thinking and are assessed.
This document summarizes a psychiatric assessment of a 45-year-old woman presenting with low mood and thoughts of self-harm. She has a history of depression and was feeling gradually lower in mood over 6 weeks after stopping her medication and losing her dog. On examination, she made little eye contact, was anxious, and reported a very low mood with thoughts of self-harm but no current suicidal ideation. The assessment formulates her presentation as a depressive episode.
The document provides an overview of a mental state examination. It discusses examining a patient's appearance and behavior, emotions, thinking, speech, perception, cognitive/intellectual functions, and insight. The examination assesses factors such as motor activity, thought content and form, memory, intelligence, and consciousness. Disorders are explored such as thought disorders, hallucinations, delusions, and levels of insight into illness. The mental state exam provides a framework for understanding a patient's psychological state.
Assessing Mental State: looking, listening and askingPaul McNamara
Mental State Assessment (MSA) is a fundamental skill for nurses, doctors and others working in health care settings. This presentation covers some of the core skills required: looking, listening and asking.
Many thanks to Jenni Bryant, @JenCLNinja on Twitter, for sharing her work which provided the structure and much of the content of this presentation.
This document provides an overview of components to assess during a mental status examination (MSE). It describes how to evaluate a patient's appearance, speech, mood, affect, orientation, thought processes, thought content, perceptual problems, judgment, insight and impulse control. Key areas of examination include rate and content of speech, range and appropriateness of affect, clarity of orientation, level of abstraction, memory and evidence of confusion, delusions or hallucinations. The MSE framework aims to understand a patient's cognitive and emotional functioning through structured observation and interaction.
The mental status examination is a structured way to observe and describe a patient's current state of mind. It provides a comprehensive cross-sectional description of their mental state. When combined with biographical information from the patient history, it allows for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The examination collects data through direct observation, focused questions, and formal psychological tests to evaluate various domains like appearance, behavior, mood, thought processes, orientation, memory, and other cognitive functions.
The document discusses the components and process of conducting a mental status examination. It describes the mental status examination as an assessment of a patient's cognitive abilities, appearance, mood, and speech patterns. The summary includes identifying data, appearance, behavior, mood, thought content, cognition, insight, and conclusion. The examination is used to obtain a comprehensive understanding of a patient's current mental state in order to make diagnoses and develop treatment plans.
Mental status examination in Psychiatryvaibhav dua
This document provides an overview of the components of a mental status examination (MSE). It describes in detail how to evaluate a patient's appearance and behavior, psychomotor activity, speech, mood, affect, perception, thought process and content, attention, memory, intelligence, judgment, and insight. Key areas of examination include facial expression, posture, grooming, speech patterns, thought organization and content, presence of hallucinations or delusions, and level of insight. The document provides definitions and criteria for abnormal findings in each area to guide the examiner.
Mental state examination abstract thinking, insight and judgmentDr. Sunil Suthar
The document discusses abstract thinking and how it involves dealing with concepts voluntarily in various complex ways. It provides methods to test abstract thinking, such as proverb tests and assessing similarities between objects. The stages of cognitive development are outlined, with the stage of formal operations characterized by abstract thinking. The document also discusses intelligence, judgment, and insight, and how they relate to abstract thinking and are assessed.
This document summarizes a psychiatric assessment of a 45-year-old woman presenting with low mood and thoughts of self-harm. She has a history of depression and was feeling gradually lower in mood over 6 weeks after stopping her medication and losing her dog. On examination, she made little eye contact, was anxious, and reported a very low mood with thoughts of self-harm but no current suicidal ideation. The assessment formulates her presentation as a depressive episode.
The document provides an overview of a mental state examination. It discusses examining a patient's appearance and behavior, emotions, thinking, speech, perception, cognitive/intellectual functions, and insight. The examination assesses factors such as motor activity, thought content and form, memory, intelligence, and consciousness. Disorders are explored such as thought disorders, hallucinations, delusions, and levels of insight into illness. The mental state exam provides a framework for understanding a patient's psychological state.
Orientation:
Person, Place, Time & Situation.
Memory:
Immediate, Recent & Remote.
Intelligence & Cognition:
Level of Consciousness, Attention,
Concentration, Calculation, General Knowledge,
Judgment & Insight.
The patient's awareness of his or her illness &
need for treatment.
The document discusses the components and purpose of a mental status examination (MSE). A MSE is used to assess a patient's mental state and behavior through objective observations and subjective reports. It provides information for diagnosis, treatment assessment, and comparison over time. The key components of a MSE include appearance, behavior, speech, mood, thought processes, thought content, cognition, insight, and judgment. A MSE allows clinicians to evaluate changes in a patient's condition.
The Mental Status Examination in Primary Care by the Natural Medicine Physician (DC/ND). Alan B. Korbett, DC, DO, DABCO, DACAN. Adult, Child & Adolescent Psychiatrist. lecturer@aol.com
This document provides an overview of how to conduct a mental status examination (MSE). It describes the key areas that are evaluated which include general appearance, psychomotor activity, speech, thought, mood and affect, perceptions, cognitive functions, and insight. Specific aspects are examined within each area, such as eye contact and grooming for general appearance, speech coherence and relevance, thought form and content, orientation, memory, and judgment. The MSE provides a standardized way for clinicians to systematically record a patient's psychiatric symptoms and signs at the time of interview to inform diagnosis and treatment.
This document provides an overview of the components of a mental status examination (MSE). It describes 8 components that are assessed during an MSE: general appearance and behavior; speech; mood and affect; thought; perception; cognition; judgement; and insight. Each component is then defined and examples are provided of the types of observations, questions, and tests used to evaluate the patient's status in that area. The goal of the MSE is to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the patient's overall emotional and cognitive functioning.
This document provides an overview of the components and process of conducting a mental status examination (MSE). It defines an MSE as a standardized format for clinicians to record a patient's signs and symptoms during an interview. The key components of an MSE that are assessed include appearance, behavior, mood, affect, speech, thought process, thought content, perception, cognition, and insight. Each component is evaluated based on specific criteria like quality, intensity, and congruence. The document also provides definitions for various clinical terms relevant to findings on MSE and conditions that may present with abnormal findings.
Aguiar ap intelligence and testing 2015 ssMrAguiar
Intelligence tests were first created in the early 20th century to identify students' reasoning abilities and place them in appropriate classes. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon designed the first modern intelligence test in France. Their test measured "mental age" through reasoning tasks. Lewis Terman later modified the Binet test for American students and created the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test. He used the test to study gifted individuals. William Stern coined the term "intelligence quotient" or IQ to quantify intelligence scores.
The Mental Status Examination (MSE) is used to evaluate a patient's current mental and emotional functioning. It involves observing elements like appearance, behavior, mood, affect, thought process, and thought content. The MSE provides essential information for diagnosis and treatment planning when integrated with a patient's history.
1. Anxiety disorders involve excessive and persistent worries or fears that interfere with daily functioning, unlike ordinary worries or fears.
2. Common anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
3. Proposed causes of anxiety disorders include biological factors like abnormal neurotransmitter levels or brain structures, as well as psychological factors like repressed urges, conditioning, or traumatic experiences.
The Mental State Examination aims to assess a patient's current psychological symptoms and observable behavior during an interview. It objectively evaluates a patient's appearance, behavior, speech, mood, thoughts, perceptions, cognition, and insight. It also subjectively examines the patient's reported mood, thoughts, and perceptions. The exam provides information on factors like activity level, thought content and organization, sensory experiences, orientation, memory, and understanding of their condition. Challenging patients may be unresponsive, overactive, or confused, requiring modified approaches.
The document discusses the psychiatric examination including the mental status exam and the DSM-IV diagnostic system. It describes the components of the mental status exam which assesses general presentation, sensorium and cognition, mood and affect, thought, perception, judgment, and reliability. It also outlines the five axes of the DSM-IV used to provide a definitive psychiatric diagnosis, including Axis I for clinical disorders, Axis II for personality disorders, Axis III for general medical conditions, Axis IV for psychosocial stressors, and Axis V for global assessment of functioning.
The document discusses disorders of stream of thought, including disorders of tempo such as flight of ideas, retardation of thinking, and circumstantiality, as well as disorders of continuity such as perseveration and thought blocking. It provides definitions and examples of each disorder. Assessment methods are also summarized, including observation, clinical interviews, mental status examinations, scales like PANSS and BPRS, and other tools like the Rorschach ink blot test and Thought and Language Index.
The document discusses phobic anxiety disorder and specific phobias. It defines phobias as unreasonable fears of specific objects, activities, or situations. Various types of specific phobias are described, along with their signs and symptoms. Treatment options for phobias include psychotherapy such as desensitization therapy and medications like benzodiazepines and antidepressants. Nursing care involves assessing the phobic triggers and avoidance behaviors, reassuring the patient, and encouraging exposure to the feared stimuli in a gradual manner.
The document describes a mental status examination (MSE), which is used to assess several components of a patient's mental state including appearance, motor activity, speech, mood, affect, thought processes, thought content, perception, and cognitive functioning. An MSE provides an objective evaluation of a patient's psychological functioning through observations by the clinician and subjective reports from the patient. It is not intended to be a full intelligence or memory test. The major areas evaluated in an MSE are outlined with examples of abnormalities that may be observed in each area.
Clinical Assessment of Children and Adolescents with DepressionCarlo Carandang
“Clinical Assessment of Children and Adolescents with Depression,”
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; October 1, 2008
Pediatric Grand Rounds, IWK Health Centre
*Although the core symptoms of depression are similar across the life span, developmental differences exist and should be taken into account in the assessment
*With increasing age, there generally is an increase in melancholic symptoms, delusions, substance abuse, and suicidal ideation/attempts.
*In contrast, younger children tend to have more somatic sxs, separation anxiety, behavior problems, temper tantrums, and hallucinations
*Direct interviews with children and adolescents are critical because parents and teachers may not be aware of the youth’s depressive symptoms
*Discrepant information between parents and their children should be solve in a cordial and non judgmental way
*Assessment of suicidal and homicidal ideation and behaviors is mandatory
*The interview process and screening questions utilized by research interviews such as the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children, Present and Lifetime Version (KSADS-PL) can be useful
*Detection and diagnosis can be enhanced by available parent and child self-report measures
The document provides information on conducting a psychiatric history and mental status examination (MSE). It discusses the importance of these diagnostic tools and obtaining information from when the patient enters to leaves the interview room. The history section outlines collecting demographic, chief complaint, history of present illness, past history, and other relevant details. The MSE section describes evaluating the patient's general appearance, psychomotor activity, speech, thought, mood, perception, and cognitive functions. Key aspects to observe and potential clinical implications are provided.
This document discusses disorders of thought and delusions. It defines thought and describes different types of thinking. It then discusses disorders of thought content, specifically delusions. It defines delusions and differentiates them from overvalued ideas. It describes different types of primary and secondary delusions, including delusions of persecution, jealousy, love, grandiosity, and health. It discusses theories about the origins of delusions and how their content is influenced by social and cultural factors.
This document discusses various disorders of thought and speech. It describes disorders of intelligence including learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities. It also covers disorders of the stream of thought such as flight of ideas, inhibition or slowing of thinking, circumstantiality, perseveration, and thought blocking. The document discusses obsessions, compulsions, and disorders of the possession of thought including thought alienation. It concludes by covering disorders of the content of thinking such as delusions.
The document provides information on conducting a mental status assessment. It discusses assessing a patient's appearance, behavior, cognitive functions, thought processes, perceptions, mood, affect and other areas. Key aspects include screening for anxiety, depression and suicidal thoughts. The assessment aims to evaluate orientation, attention, memory, reasoning and other mental functions to detect any abnormalities.
Orientation:
Person, Place, Time & Situation.
Memory:
Immediate, Recent & Remote.
Intelligence & Cognition:
Level of Consciousness, Attention,
Concentration, Calculation, General Knowledge,
Judgment & Insight.
The patient's awareness of his or her illness &
need for treatment.
The document discusses the components and purpose of a mental status examination (MSE). A MSE is used to assess a patient's mental state and behavior through objective observations and subjective reports. It provides information for diagnosis, treatment assessment, and comparison over time. The key components of a MSE include appearance, behavior, speech, mood, thought processes, thought content, cognition, insight, and judgment. A MSE allows clinicians to evaluate changes in a patient's condition.
The Mental Status Examination in Primary Care by the Natural Medicine Physician (DC/ND). Alan B. Korbett, DC, DO, DABCO, DACAN. Adult, Child & Adolescent Psychiatrist. lecturer@aol.com
This document provides an overview of how to conduct a mental status examination (MSE). It describes the key areas that are evaluated which include general appearance, psychomotor activity, speech, thought, mood and affect, perceptions, cognitive functions, and insight. Specific aspects are examined within each area, such as eye contact and grooming for general appearance, speech coherence and relevance, thought form and content, orientation, memory, and judgment. The MSE provides a standardized way for clinicians to systematically record a patient's psychiatric symptoms and signs at the time of interview to inform diagnosis and treatment.
This document provides an overview of the components of a mental status examination (MSE). It describes 8 components that are assessed during an MSE: general appearance and behavior; speech; mood and affect; thought; perception; cognition; judgement; and insight. Each component is then defined and examples are provided of the types of observations, questions, and tests used to evaluate the patient's status in that area. The goal of the MSE is to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the patient's overall emotional and cognitive functioning.
This document provides an overview of the components and process of conducting a mental status examination (MSE). It defines an MSE as a standardized format for clinicians to record a patient's signs and symptoms during an interview. The key components of an MSE that are assessed include appearance, behavior, mood, affect, speech, thought process, thought content, perception, cognition, and insight. Each component is evaluated based on specific criteria like quality, intensity, and congruence. The document also provides definitions for various clinical terms relevant to findings on MSE and conditions that may present with abnormal findings.
Aguiar ap intelligence and testing 2015 ssMrAguiar
Intelligence tests were first created in the early 20th century to identify students' reasoning abilities and place them in appropriate classes. Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon designed the first modern intelligence test in France. Their test measured "mental age" through reasoning tasks. Lewis Terman later modified the Binet test for American students and created the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test. He used the test to study gifted individuals. William Stern coined the term "intelligence quotient" or IQ to quantify intelligence scores.
The Mental Status Examination (MSE) is used to evaluate a patient's current mental and emotional functioning. It involves observing elements like appearance, behavior, mood, affect, thought process, and thought content. The MSE provides essential information for diagnosis and treatment planning when integrated with a patient's history.
1. Anxiety disorders involve excessive and persistent worries or fears that interfere with daily functioning, unlike ordinary worries or fears.
2. Common anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.
3. Proposed causes of anxiety disorders include biological factors like abnormal neurotransmitter levels or brain structures, as well as psychological factors like repressed urges, conditioning, or traumatic experiences.
The Mental State Examination aims to assess a patient's current psychological symptoms and observable behavior during an interview. It objectively evaluates a patient's appearance, behavior, speech, mood, thoughts, perceptions, cognition, and insight. It also subjectively examines the patient's reported mood, thoughts, and perceptions. The exam provides information on factors like activity level, thought content and organization, sensory experiences, orientation, memory, and understanding of their condition. Challenging patients may be unresponsive, overactive, or confused, requiring modified approaches.
The document discusses the psychiatric examination including the mental status exam and the DSM-IV diagnostic system. It describes the components of the mental status exam which assesses general presentation, sensorium and cognition, mood and affect, thought, perception, judgment, and reliability. It also outlines the five axes of the DSM-IV used to provide a definitive psychiatric diagnosis, including Axis I for clinical disorders, Axis II for personality disorders, Axis III for general medical conditions, Axis IV for psychosocial stressors, and Axis V for global assessment of functioning.
The document discusses disorders of stream of thought, including disorders of tempo such as flight of ideas, retardation of thinking, and circumstantiality, as well as disorders of continuity such as perseveration and thought blocking. It provides definitions and examples of each disorder. Assessment methods are also summarized, including observation, clinical interviews, mental status examinations, scales like PANSS and BPRS, and other tools like the Rorschach ink blot test and Thought and Language Index.
The document discusses phobic anxiety disorder and specific phobias. It defines phobias as unreasonable fears of specific objects, activities, or situations. Various types of specific phobias are described, along with their signs and symptoms. Treatment options for phobias include psychotherapy such as desensitization therapy and medications like benzodiazepines and antidepressants. Nursing care involves assessing the phobic triggers and avoidance behaviors, reassuring the patient, and encouraging exposure to the feared stimuli in a gradual manner.
The document describes a mental status examination (MSE), which is used to assess several components of a patient's mental state including appearance, motor activity, speech, mood, affect, thought processes, thought content, perception, and cognitive functioning. An MSE provides an objective evaluation of a patient's psychological functioning through observations by the clinician and subjective reports from the patient. It is not intended to be a full intelligence or memory test. The major areas evaluated in an MSE are outlined with examples of abnormalities that may be observed in each area.
Clinical Assessment of Children and Adolescents with DepressionCarlo Carandang
“Clinical Assessment of Children and Adolescents with Depression,”
Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; October 1, 2008
Pediatric Grand Rounds, IWK Health Centre
*Although the core symptoms of depression are similar across the life span, developmental differences exist and should be taken into account in the assessment
*With increasing age, there generally is an increase in melancholic symptoms, delusions, substance abuse, and suicidal ideation/attempts.
*In contrast, younger children tend to have more somatic sxs, separation anxiety, behavior problems, temper tantrums, and hallucinations
*Direct interviews with children and adolescents are critical because parents and teachers may not be aware of the youth’s depressive symptoms
*Discrepant information between parents and their children should be solve in a cordial and non judgmental way
*Assessment of suicidal and homicidal ideation and behaviors is mandatory
*The interview process and screening questions utilized by research interviews such as the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children, Present and Lifetime Version (KSADS-PL) can be useful
*Detection and diagnosis can be enhanced by available parent and child self-report measures
The document provides information on conducting a psychiatric history and mental status examination (MSE). It discusses the importance of these diagnostic tools and obtaining information from when the patient enters to leaves the interview room. The history section outlines collecting demographic, chief complaint, history of present illness, past history, and other relevant details. The MSE section describes evaluating the patient's general appearance, psychomotor activity, speech, thought, mood, perception, and cognitive functions. Key aspects to observe and potential clinical implications are provided.
This document discusses disorders of thought and delusions. It defines thought and describes different types of thinking. It then discusses disorders of thought content, specifically delusions. It defines delusions and differentiates them from overvalued ideas. It describes different types of primary and secondary delusions, including delusions of persecution, jealousy, love, grandiosity, and health. It discusses theories about the origins of delusions and how their content is influenced by social and cultural factors.
This document discusses various disorders of thought and speech. It describes disorders of intelligence including learning disabilities and intellectual disabilities. It also covers disorders of the stream of thought such as flight of ideas, inhibition or slowing of thinking, circumstantiality, perseveration, and thought blocking. The document discusses obsessions, compulsions, and disorders of the possession of thought including thought alienation. It concludes by covering disorders of the content of thinking such as delusions.
The document provides information on conducting a mental status assessment. It discusses assessing a patient's appearance, behavior, cognitive functions, thought processes, perceptions, mood, affect and other areas. Key aspects include screening for anxiety, depression and suicidal thoughts. The assessment aims to evaluate orientation, attention, memory, reasoning and other mental functions to detect any abnormalities.
Children's mental and emotional health issues can negatively impact their development in several key ways:
Physically, living with an undiagnosed illness can decrease children's desire or ability to be active and lead to poor diet and physical health over time. Socially and emotionally, children may experience a lack of motivation, risky behaviors, and difficulties with relationships. Cognitively, developmental delays or difficulties with language skills can interfere with normal cognitive development processes.
Effective treatment approaches depend on each individual child but may include medication management from psychiatrists, therapy from psychologists or social workers, and coping techniques tailored for their specific diagnoses like taking breaks for anxiety or using fidget toys for ADHD. Supporting healthy physical
The document outlines the components and purpose of a mental status examination (MSE). An MSE is used to systematically collect mental health data through observation and interview. It provides baseline information on a patient's mental state and can help identify those who need further psychiatric assessment or guide treatment. Key areas examined include appearance, behavior, speech, mood, thought processes, perception, cognition, and insight. The MSE, along with psychiatric history, informs diagnosis and treatment planning.
The document discusses psychological disorders from multiple perspectives. It begins by outlining what topics will be covered, including defining and classifying disorders, specific disorders like anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. It then discusses reasons for learning about psychological disorders and different perspectives on defining and understanding disorders. Key concepts covered include the medical model of disorders, biopsychosocial approaches, diagnosing and classifying disorders using the DSM, and critiques of diagnosis and labeling. Specific anxiety disorders like generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, and obsessive-compulsive disorder are explained. The nature of mood disorders like major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder are also outlined.
Lecture 18:Abnormality Dr. Reem AlSabahAHS_student
This document provides an overview of abnormal psychology. It defines abnormality and discusses how abnormal behavior has been viewed throughout history from ancient to modern times. Key topics covered include the classification of mental disorders in the DSM and ICD manuals, specific disorders like mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia, and perspectives on the causes of mental illness like biological, psychological, and social factors. Defenses mechanisms, treatment approaches in ancient times, and what defines normal behavior are also addressed.
Mental illness and mental retardation pptSmriti Singh
This document discusses the key differences between intellectual disability (also known as mental retardation) and mental illness. It notes that intellectual disability is characterized by below-average intellectual functioning and difficulty coping with daily life, while mental illness disrupts thoughts, behavior, and emotions. Intellectual disability is typically diagnosed in childhood based on low IQ, while mental illness can affect people of any age and does not involve low IQ. The document also outlines different causes, effects, and characteristics of each condition.
This document discusses mental health and well-being. It defines mental health as a state of well-being where one can cope with life stresses, be productive, and contribute to their community, according to the WHO. Good mental health involves thinking, feeling, and behaving in healthy ways. The document also discusses various mental health disorders that affect teenagers like depression, anxiety disorders, and self-injury. It emphasizes the importance of resilience and emotional intelligence for positive mental health.
This document provides information on developing a personal plan and understanding emotions. It discusses using mind mapping to develop a personal plan to enhance brain functions. It explains that emotions have cognitive, physical, and behavioral components. There are positive and negative emotions that can impact motivation. The document also discusses critical thinking, creative thinking, and metacognition. Learners complete activities to identify feelings, emotional expressions, life challenges, and create a mind map on emotions.
psychopathology of learners in classroom education
Today, 12:32 PM
describing challenges of inclusive classrooms and understanding psychopath learners in order to accomodate them in classroom education
1. The document discusses intellectual and developmental disabilities and provides outdated terminology should no longer be used.
2. It presents a lesson plan on caring for patients with intellectual disabilities, covering definitions, causes, assessments, classifications, and nursing management.
3. Nursing diagnoses for patients with intellectual disabilities include risks for injury, impaired communication, self-care deficits, and caregiver role strain. Nursing management focuses on individualized care, developing skills, and collaborating with family.
The document discusses psychopathology, which is defined as the scientific study of mental conditions involving significant pain, suffering, or distress that damages a person's sense of self. It summarizes different models that have been used to understand the origins and nature of mental illness, including biological, psychological, psychosocial, and biopsychosocial models. The biological model emphasizes genetic and neurological factors while psychological models focus on unconscious conflicts, learned behaviors, distorted cognitions, and fulfillment of needs. Psychosocial models examine family and social influences as well as person-environment interactions.
Mental health problem, epidemiology, prevention and controlPreetika Maurya
Mental health refers to a harmonious functioning of the mind and a well-adjusted personality. It is influenced by a person's relationships with their community, society, and social institutions. Common mental disorders include depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and others. The causes of mental illness are varied and can include organic factors, heredity, and social/environmental stresses. Prevention involves primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Signs of good mental health include feeling comfortable with oneself, relating well to others, and meeting life's demands, while warning signs of poor mental health include excessive worrying or anger.
This topic is meant for the study purpose, for the final year undergraduate Physiotherapy students, who are studying under The Tamilnadu Dr.MGR Medical University (Govt University).
Trauma by definition is unbearable. Intolerable. Overwhelming. Out of control.
In fact for many people, the memory of trauma is so upsetting that they will try to push it out of their minds, move on, act as if nothing happened.
Trauma affects not only those who are directly exposed to it, but also those around them. Wives of men who suffer from PTSD tend to become depressed, the children of depressed mothers struggle with anxiety and insecurity. Having been exposed to violence as a child makes if difficult to establish trusting relationships as an adult.
Not just and event that took place sometime in the past, it is an imprint. …a trauma imprint that leaves traces on our mind, body, and brain.
This imprint of trauma has ongoing consequences for how we manage to survive in the present.
This project outlines research on increasing mental disorders like psychosis, neurosis, and mental illness. It discusses how modern changes to technology, culture, beliefs, and social structures have impacted mental health. The objectives are to study the causes and classifications of mental disorders, laws and policies around psychosis, and increase understanding of these conditions. The outline covers topics like the relationship between youth and psychosis, diagnoses and treatments, and perceptions of mental illness. The conclusion is that mental disorders are serious but treatable medical conditions, and are more common than often recognized.
This document discusses mental health and mental illness. It defines mental health as a state of well-being and balance between an individual and their environment according to the WHO. Key aspects of mental health include emotional intelligence, self-awareness, and resiliency. Mental illness is defined as maladaptive responses to stressors that interfere with daily life. Biological, psychological, and social factors can all contribute to mental illness. These include genetics, brain chemistry, trauma, and environmental stressors. The document provides an overview of the complex factors that influence both mental health and mental illness.
This document provides an overview of Chapter 14 on Psychological Disorders from a PowerPoint presentation. It discusses defining and classifying psychological disorders, as well as specific disorders like anxiety disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia, and others. For each disorder type, it examines diagnostic criteria, prevalence, causes and explanations from different perspectives like biology, learning, and culture. The goal is to understand the nature of psychological disorders and how they are diagnosed and treated.
Similar to Mental status assessment presentation (20)
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Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kol...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Versio
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
2. We believe that every human being
deserves to live a meaningful life. What we
consider meaningful depends on our
personal values and gives us the strength
to cope with adversities, including
traumatic experiences and difficult life-
transitions.
3.
4. Mental status is a
persons emotional (
feeling ) and
cognitive function
Mental status strikes a
balance , allowing the
person to function
socially and
occupationally.
The stress surrounding
a traumatic life event
tips the balance ,
causing transient
dysfunction
Mental status assessment
during a traumatic life
event can identify
remaining strength and
help individual mobilize
resources and use coping
skills
Optimal functioning aims
toward life satisfaction in
work , in caring relationship
and within the self
5. Mental disorder
is defined as a significant
behavioral or
psychological pattern that
is associated with distress (
a painful symptom) or
disability ( impaired
functioning ) and has a
significant risk of pain,
disability , death or loss of
freedom. Type of MD:
1- organic disorders due to
brain disease of known specific
organic cause e.g.Dementia
2- psychiatric mental illness in
which an organic etiology
hasn’t yet been established e.g.
schizophrenia.
8. consciousness
languages
Mood and affect
orientation
perception
Consciousness: Being aware of one's own existence,
feelings, and thoughts and of the environment
Using the voice to communicate one's thoughts and
feelings.
Affect is temporary expression of feelings or state of mind, and
mood is more durable, a prolonged display of feelings that
color the whole emotional life.
awareness of the objective world in relation to the self,
including person, place, and time.
An awareness of objects through the five senses.( hallucination
and illusion )
9. attention
memory
Abstract reasoning
Thought process
THOUGHT CONTENT
The power of concentration, the ability to focus on
one specific thing without being distracted by many
environmental stimuli
The ability to lay down and store experiences and perceptions
for later recall. Recent memory evokes day-to-day events;
remote memory brings up years' worth of experiences.
Pondering a deeper meaning beyond the concrete and literal
The way a person thinks; the logical train of thought
(LIKE Neologism BLOCKING flight ideas ).
What the person thinks—specific ideas, beliefs, the use of
words. (PHOBIA compulsion obsession)
11. Emotional and cognitive functioning mature progressively from
simple reflex behavior into complex logical and abstract thought
Example :-
Consciousness : develops along with language so that, by(
18 to 24) months, the child learns that he or she is separate
from objects in the environment and has words to express
this.
Attention gradually increases( preschool years )
thinking At( 7 years) becomes more logical and systematic,
and the child is able to reason
Abstract thinking , the ability to consider a hypothetical
situation, usually develops between ( 12 and 15 years).
12. . Adolescents ages childhood
mental disorder is one that is
diagnosed and begins in
childhood (e.g., attention
deficit/hyperactivity disorder
[ADHD], behavioral or conduct
problems, anxiety, depression,
autism spectrum disorders)
13.
14. Anxiety and depression among school students in Jordan: Prevalence, risk
factors, and predictors
Purpose: to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression, examine their
relationships with sociodemographic factors and Internet addiction, and identify their
main predictors among Jordanian school students aged 12-18 years.
Design and methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted on a random
sample of 800 students from 10 public schools in Amman 2017 . Symptom Checklist-
anxiety, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children, and Young's
Internet Addiction Tool were used for the purpose.
Findings: Overall, 42.1 and 73.8% of the students were experiencing anxiety and
depression. Risk factors for both problems were school class and Internet addiction,
with the latter being the main predictor
.
Practice implications: Increasing students' and stakeholders' awareness of mental
illnesses and health programs and developing counseling centers to meet the
students' needs are necessary.
Pup med wipe site
15. The Aging Adult
* Age-related changes in sensory perception can affect mental status. For
example, vision loss ) may result in apathy, social isolation, and depression.
* chronic diseases (e.g., heart failure, cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis)
may increase the fear of loss of independence or of death.
16. Component of mental status
examination ( ABCT)
behavior
Appearance
Thought
process
cognition
17. when to perform a full mental status exam :
- initial brief screening suggests anxiety disorder or depression
family members are concerned
-brain lesions (trauma, tumor, CVA)
-aphasia ( the impairment of language ability secondary to brain
damage).
- symptoms of psychiatric mental illness.
18. factors that could affect interpretation of MSE:
1- known illness or health problems (alcoholism, renal disease)
2- current medications whose side effects may cause
depression or confusion.
3- the usual educational and behavioral level.
4- responses to personal history questions indicating current
stress, drug use, sleep habits etc.
20. 1-POSTURE - erect and position is relaxed
abnormal : curled in bed ,restlessness with
hyperthyroidism or anxiety;
slumped in chair with depression or
organic brain disease
Appearance
29. 4- GROOMING+HYGIENE :
-clean and well groomed
abnormal : unilateral neglect
post-CVA;
lack of concern for appearance
in depression and Alzheimer.
30. Behavior
1-LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS - awake alert aware
Abnormal : confused loos track of conversation
2-SPEECH – quality of speech by noting that the person makes laryngeal
sounds effortlessly and sharing conversation appropriately , the pace of
conversation moderate , articulation ( ability to form words) is clear.
Abnormal : silent un communicative
3-MOOD+AFFECT –
appropriate; ask(( how do u feel today?))
abnormal : mood swings with mania; bizarre with schizophrenia
32. Cognitive functioning
1-ORIENTATION - knows date, place, time
abnormal : w/delirium and dementia
2-ATTENTION SPAN -
abnormal : digression from initial thought, irrelevant replies to
questions
3-RECENT MEMORY - can recall 24 hrs
abnormal : dementia, delirium, Korsakoffs syndrome
33.
34. 4-REMOTE MEMORY - recalls events in past
abn: lost when cortical storage area for memory is damaged
(Alzheimer
, trauma to brain region)
5-NEW LEARNING - 4 unrelated words test
abn: Alzheimer's, dementia, anxiety, depression
35. additional tests for aphasia
word comprehension - point at objects and ask person to
name them
reading - ask to read print.
writing - ask to write a sentence.
36.
37. tests for higher intellectual function
measure problem solving and reasoning abilities
ex: count back from 100 by 7s
- must be assessed considering cultural and educational
background
- can be used to discriminate between organic brain disease and
psychiatric disorders (errors on test = organic dysfunction)
)) little evidence that they are valid to detect brain disease((
38. tests for judgement
a person exercises judgement when she can compare and
evaluate alternatives in a situation and reach an appropriate
course of action
ex: you walked down the street and found a stamped letter -
what would you do?
normal: decisions are realistic
abn: mental retardation, emotional dysfunction, schizophrenia,
brain disease
39. THOUGHT PROCESSES AND PERCEPTIONS
1 -THOUGHT PROCESSES – ask yourself ( can I follow what the person is
saying ? )
2-CONTENT - person says logical and consistent thin
abnormal : obsessions, compulsions
3-PERCEPTIONS –the person should be consistently aware of reality.
abn: illusions, hallucinations
SCREEN FOR ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, SUICIDE
40. screen for anxiety disorders
GAD test for
presentation and
severity of anxiety:-
ask first 2 questions
from GAD. if first two
yield positive, ask the
other five
5 = mild
10 = moderate
15 = severe
41. screen for depression
ask "in the past two weeks have you felt down, depressed, hopeless?"
- positive answers need further diagnostic interviews such as DSM-IV-TR
42. screen for suicidal thoughts
When person expresses feelings of sadness, hopelessness or grief.
One in 100 deaths is by suicide according to Who IN Jan 2021.
it is important to assess any possible risk of physical harm to
himself or herself by starting with general questions then get
specific if you hear affirmative answer for example :
43. .Have you ever felt so blue that you
thought of hurting yourself?
Do you feel like hurting yourself now?
Do you have a plan to hurt yourself?
What would happen if you were dead?
How would other people react if you
were dead?
44.
45.
46. give you a quantifiable measure of cognitive functions of MSE
valid detector of organic disease
normal = 27
18 - 23 = mild cog dysfunction
0 - 7 = severe cog dysfunction
mini mental state examination (MMSE)
47. Aims: In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of quarantine-related anxiety and its
socioeconomic correlates.
Methods: An online questionnaire was utilized to collect information about quarantine-related
anxiety and related factors from a non-representative sample of Jordanian population in March
2020.
Results: Overall, 5274 participants returned the survey.
Conclusion study showed that about 40% of the participants experienced some degree of
quarantine-related anxiety.
findings :showed that approximately 1 out of every 10 participants experienced quarantine-related
anxiety .
who
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health: early quarantine-
related anxiety and its correlates among Jordanians
48. Spiritual Needs
Meaning and purpose in life
Faith or trust in someone or something beyond ourselves
Hope and Love
Forgiveness
If someone is hopeless they have a spiritual need