Mental health refers to a state of well-being where an individual can cope with normal stresses, work productively, and contribute to their community. Characteristics of good mental health include a positive self-concept, sense of responsibility, ability to adapt to change, and ability to accept criticism. Factors like heredity, physical health, and socio-cultural influences can affect mental health. The modern Philippine art era featured works from artists like Jose Joya, Vicente Manansala, and Napoleon Abueva who explored themes like abstraction, poverty, and allegory through painting, sculpture, and murals.