10. Natural suppression
Before puberty
Lactation
Diet induced
Anorexia
Malnutrition
Exercise
Modulation during
menstrual cycle
Diet
Stress?
Hypothalamic neurones
“GnRH pulse generator”
Frequency and amplitude
of GnRH pulses
Pituitary
Changing patterns of
LH and FSH
11. Эстрадиол хэрхэн
үүсдэг вэ?
Theca
Granulosa cells
LH
Androgens
(Note: the production of
androgens is a normal
part of ovarian
physiology)
Androgens are
converted
(aromatized) to
oestradiol by the
granulosa cells
FSH
Inhibin
(protein)
OESTRADIOL
(steroid)
12. Ovarian Two Cell System
Figure 3. Two-cell, two-gonadotropin hypothesis of regulation of
estrogen synthesis in the human ovary. Adapted by Carr, BR.
Diseases of the ovary and Reproductive Tract.
27. Сарын тэмдгийн мөчлөгийн хугацаанд
гарах үзэгдлүүд
1. Сарын тэмдгийн эхлэл
Day 1
0
4
Day 1
8
Сарын тэмдэг үзэгдэх
12
16
20
24
28
28. Сарын тэмдгийн мөчлөгийн хугацаанд гарах
үзэгдлүүд
ЛТД огцом өсөлт
LH
Days before
Days after
Day 1
Day 1
Фоликулын үе
0
4
8
Сарын тэмдэг үзэгдэх
Шар биеийн
үе
12
16
Овуляци
20
24
28
29. Animated ovarian events
Key events in the ovarian cycle
LH
1. Фоликулын
өсөлт
Day 1
0
4
Сарын тэмдэг
үзэгдэх
8
12
16
Эстрадиол
Овуляци
20
24
28
33. Өндгөвчин дэхь цэврүү, түүний бүтэц
The follicle is the fundamental element of the ovary:
Цусны судас
Тека
Granulosa
cells
Antrum
Cumulus
cells
Oocyte
Zona pellucida
(non-cellular glycoprotein coat)
52. Polycystic ovaries
The classical picture of PCO: a string of
follicles, 2-8 mm in diameter
Section of ovary showing
multiple follicles in PCO
Ultrasound of ovary showing
multiple follicles
79. Estrogen modifies the temperature effects of
progesterone
• Estrogen can act on progesterone receptors in the
reproductive system (28), so it may have similar effects on the
preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus to affect
temperature regulation.
• Conversely, estrogen and progesterone may also act on the
thermoregulatory system indirectly through cytokines (4) or
systems that regulate fluid balance (30)
• Based on thermoregulatory changes in the midfollicular and
midluteal phases of the menstrual cycle, we would predict
that the progestin component of the pill would override the
estrogen component to increase the hypothalamic set-point
temperature and, consequently, the regulated body
temperature.
http://www.jappl.org/content/88/5/1643.full