This document summarizes memory processes and the stages of memory. It discusses the three main stages of memory: sensory memory, short term memory, and long term memory. It then describes the three main memory processes - encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding involves recording information through the senses. Storage is the process of maintaining information over time. Retrieval occurs when information is recalled from storage. The document also provides examples and details about each memory stage and process.

1. Memory
Stages and Processes

2. Memory Processes
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval

3. Encoding
• Recording of info
• Use our senses to establish memory

4. Storage
• Process where info is maintained for
a period of time
• How much is stored depends on time
spent encoding

5. Retrieval
• Occurs when info is brought to mind from
storage
• How easily we do this depends on how
well it was encoded &and stored and can
be genetic

6. Stages of
Memory
Sensory
Memory
Short Term
Memory
Long Term
Memory

7. Sensory Short Term Long Term
Capacity
Everything
we see and
hear at 1
instant
About 7 items
in healthy
adults
Vast; and
uncountable
Duration Fraction of a
second
Less than 20
sec.onds if not
rehearsed
Can be a
lifetime
Example
Briefly seeing
something then
asked to recall
one detail
Look up phone
number and
remember it long
enough to dial it
Remember the
house or phone
number from your
childhood

8. Sensory
3 Functions
prevents us from being overwhelmed
gives us decision time
allows for stability

9. Short Term Memory STM
• Where maintenance rehearsal occurs
System of remembering by repeating to yourself
but not looking for meaning

10. Which Is the Real Penny??

11. Answer

12. Demo of STM
http://www.garyfisk.com/anim/lecture_stm.swf
Follow the directions I give you

13. Chunking
Grouping items to make them easier to
remember
http://daphne.palomar.edu/stat/mark/stm%20chunking.htm
Follow my directions

14. Look at the words for 2 minutes When I tell you write as
many down as you can remember You’ll be given 2
minutes to write as well
Nine SwapCell Ring Lust
Plugs Lamp AppleTableSway
Army Bank Fire Hold Worm
ClockHorse Color Baby Sword
Desk Hold Find Bird Rock

15. Look at the words for 2 minutes When I tell you write as
many down as you can remember You’ll be given 2
minutes to write as well
Horse Cat Dog Fish Bird
Orange Yellow Blue Green
Black
TableChair Desk Bookcase Bed
Teacher School Student Class
Bell

16. Mnemonic Devices
Ways to associate things to help memory and retrieval
Name the Mnemonic!!!

17. ROY G BIV

18. Every Good Boy Does Fine

19. My Very Earnest Mom Just Served Us Nine
Pickles

20. H O M E S

21. Memory Organizational Chart

22. page 280 in text

23. Can’t retrieve info that you absolutely know is
stored in your LTM.
Shown also among American Sign Language
(ASL) users
What do you think the problem is?
Tip-of-the-Tongue (TOT)
Experience

24. •French for “already seen.”
•Unconscious Mind
Déjà Vu

25. The recall of very specific details about a rare,
or significant personal event.
Ex: Sept. 11th
JFK shot
Man on Moon
Flashbulb Memory