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Basic Issues in Climate Science:Green House
Effect, Evidence of Change and Causes
Panmao Zhai
Co-Chair IPCC WGI
(Lüthi et al.,2008, NOAA)
+40%
2013
The atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide,
methane, and nitrous oxide have increased to levels
unprecedented in at least the last 800,000 years.
Change in CO2,
CH4…..
Surface
absorption
(change in albedo)
Warming of the earth surface depends on radiation
budget of the Climate System.
Surface
absorption
(change in albedo)
Warming of the earth surface depends on radiation
budget of the Climate System.
400 ppm
CO2
Fig.SPM.1b
Temperature Difference 1901 to 2012 based on trend (°C)
Warming of the climate system is unequivocal!
© IPCC 2013
Multiple Lines of Evidence for Climate Change :
 Warming atmosphere & ocean, snow and ice melting, sea
level rising , GHG increasing, ……, all reflect consistent
warming trend.
Updated Monitoring on changes in global
mean temperature and ocean heat content
 Recent observations confirm the warming trend continues!
 More than 90% of the energy stored in the ocean!
Source: Columbia University/NASA
Global mean waring since 1951 (°C)
Solar, Volcanic
Aerosols
CO2, CH4, N2O
Anthropogenic
Internal Variability
Observed
Fig. TS.10
Human influence on the
climate system is clear.
©IPCC2013
Fig. SPM.7a
Global mean surface temperature (GMST) change from 1986-2005
©IPCC2013
GMST change for the end of the 21st century is likely to exceed 1.5°C
relative to 1850-1900 for all RCPs except under mitigation scenario with
very low forcing level.
TSTFE.1,Fig.2
The contrast in precipitation between wet and dry regions
and between wet and dry seasons will increase, [...]
©IPCC2013
Change in water cycle properties from 1986-2005 to 2081-2100 in RCP8.5
Fig. SPM.10
Limiting climate change will require substantial and
sustained reductions of greenhouse gas emissions.
©IPCC2013
@IPCCNews
IPCC_Climate_Change
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media/presentations
https://www.youtube.com/c/ipccgeneva
Find us on:
Website: http://ipcc.ch/
IPCC Secretariat: ipcc-sec@wmo.int
IPCC Press Office: ipcc-media@wmo.int
@IPCC_CH
https://www.linkedin.com/company/ipcc
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ipccphoto/sets/
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
For more information:
Data: Scripps/NOAA-ESRL

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Media Workshop - Introduction to Climate Science: Basic Issues in Climate Science: Greenhouse Effect, Evidence of Change and Causes

  • 1. Basic Issues in Climate Science:Green House Effect, Evidence of Change and Causes Panmao Zhai Co-Chair IPCC WGI
  • 2. (Lüthi et al.,2008, NOAA) +40% 2013 The atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide have increased to levels unprecedented in at least the last 800,000 years.
  • 3. Change in CO2, CH4….. Surface absorption (change in albedo) Warming of the earth surface depends on radiation budget of the Climate System.
  • 4. Surface absorption (change in albedo) Warming of the earth surface depends on radiation budget of the Climate System. 400 ppm CO2
  • 5. Fig.SPM.1b Temperature Difference 1901 to 2012 based on trend (°C) Warming of the climate system is unequivocal! © IPCC 2013
  • 6. Multiple Lines of Evidence for Climate Change :  Warming atmosphere & ocean, snow and ice melting, sea level rising , GHG increasing, ……, all reflect consistent warming trend.
  • 7. Updated Monitoring on changes in global mean temperature and ocean heat content  Recent observations confirm the warming trend continues!  More than 90% of the energy stored in the ocean! Source: Columbia University/NASA
  • 8. Global mean waring since 1951 (°C) Solar, Volcanic Aerosols CO2, CH4, N2O Anthropogenic Internal Variability Observed Fig. TS.10 Human influence on the climate system is clear. ©IPCC2013
  • 9. Fig. SPM.7a Global mean surface temperature (GMST) change from 1986-2005 ©IPCC2013 GMST change for the end of the 21st century is likely to exceed 1.5°C relative to 1850-1900 for all RCPs except under mitigation scenario with very low forcing level.
  • 10. TSTFE.1,Fig.2 The contrast in precipitation between wet and dry regions and between wet and dry seasons will increase, [...] ©IPCC2013 Change in water cycle properties from 1986-2005 to 2081-2100 in RCP8.5
  • 11. Fig. SPM.10 Limiting climate change will require substantial and sustained reductions of greenhouse gas emissions. ©IPCC2013
  • 12. @IPCCNews IPCC_Climate_Change http://www.slideshare.net/ipcc- media/presentations https://www.youtube.com/c/ipccgeneva Find us on: Website: http://ipcc.ch/ IPCC Secretariat: ipcc-sec@wmo.int IPCC Press Office: ipcc-media@wmo.int @IPCC_CH https://www.linkedin.com/company/ipcc https://www.flickr.com/photos/ipccphoto/sets/ https://vimeo.com/ipcc THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! For more information: Data: Scripps/NOAA-ESRL