ME 6702 Mechatronic unit V
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Presentation for unit V in Mechatronics excluding case study. Stepper motor, servo motor, design procedure, Traditional and Mechatronic design approach
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The induction braking coil works by shorting the circuit around the stepper motor pins when activated by a relay, which stops the shaft of the vehicle momentarily. The IR sensing circuit uses a 555 timer and relay switching to sense obstructions, activating one relay to stop the DC motor and another to energize the induction braking coil, providing two mechanisms to brake the hybrid vehicle model. The induction braking coil provides an additional braking mechanism to the vehicle by shorting the stepper motor when a relay is triggered by the IR sensing circuit.
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The document discusses different types of electric drive motors: servo motors, stepper motors, and brushless DC (BLDC) motors.
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- Stepper motors are brushless DC motors that rotate in discrete steps in response to control signals. They are excellent for positioning applications as their rotation can be accurately controlled.
- There are three main types of stepper motors: permanent magnet, variable reluctance, and hybrid. Permanent magnet motors are the most common.
- Key components include the rotor, stator, and windings. Pulses sent to the windings energize the stator poles and rotate the motor.
- Stepper motors have advantages like low cost control, simplicity, and ability to operate without feedback but disadvantages like higher current draw and need for a driver circuit.
- Common applications include printers, CNC machines, robotics, and
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- Servo motors produce high torque at all speeds including zero speed and can hold a static position precisely.
- The document compares characteristics of DC servo motors and hybrid stepper motors such as cost, reliability, setup complexity, efficiency, and vibration.
- Finally, examples of applications for stepper motors and servo motors in industrial machinery, computer peripherals
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The document discusses mechatronics and control systems. It introduces mechatronics and defines it as the synergistic integration of various engineering fields to produce enhanced systems. It describes the elements of mechatronic systems including actuators, sensors, signal conditioning, digital logic, software, and computers. Examples like CNC machines and automatic doors are given. The advantages and disadvantages of mechatronic systems are listed. Open and closed loop control systems are defined and examples like a bread toaster and room heater are described. Emerging areas and needs for mechatronics are outlined.
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The induction braking coil works by shorting the circuit around the stepper motor pins when activated by a relay, which stops the shaft of the vehicle momentarily. The IR sensing circuit uses a 555 timer and relay switching to sense obstructions, activating one relay to stop the DC motor and another to energize the induction braking coil, providing two mechanisms to brake the hybrid vehicle model. The induction braking coil provides an additional braking mechanism to the vehicle by shorting the stepper motor when a relay is triggered by the IR sensing circuit.
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The document discusses different types of electric drive motors: servo motors, stepper motors, and brushless DC (BLDC) motors.
For servo motors, the key points are that they incorporate a closed-loop feedback system using a potentiometer to sense position and send feedback to control the motor. Stepper motors rotate in discrete steps by energizing stator windings in a sequence, allowing precise control of rotation via pulse inputs. BLDC motors have stator windings powered by an electronic control circuit to rotate the magnetized rotor and provide advantages like higher efficiency compared to brushed DC motors.
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This document provides an overview of stepper motors, including:
- Their working principle is that they rotate through discrete angular steps in response to input current pulses. They come in different types like permanent magnet, variable reluctance, and hybrid.
- Applications include computer peripherals, textile machines, robotics, printers, drives, machine tools, and process controls where incremental motion is required.
- Advantages are low cost, high reliability, and high torque at low speeds. Disadvantages include resonance effects at low speeds and decreasing torque with increasing speed.
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The document discusses stepper motors. It begins by introducing the three members of the presentation group and listing the contents to be covered, which include the introduction, working principle, speed control methodology, applications, advantages, and limitations of stepper motors. It then defines a stepper motor as a brushless DC electric motor that divides a full rotation into a number of equal steps. The document goes on to describe the three main types of stepper motors and explain their working principles. It also discusses the various ways to control the speed of stepper motors, including using series resistance, gearboxes, and voltage regulation. Finally, the common applications, advantages, and limitations of stepper motors are summarized.
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- Stepper motors are brushless DC motors that rotate in discrete steps in response to control signals. They are excellent for positioning applications as their rotation can be accurately controlled.
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- Servo motors produce high torque at all speeds including zero speed and can hold a static position precisely.
- The document compares characteristics of DC servo motors and hybrid stepper motors such as cost, reliability, setup complexity, efficiency, and vibration.
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- The principle describes the motor design including the stator, rotor, and encoder. AC servo motors use permanent magnets and feedback control for high torque and precision.
- Characteristics include speed and torque ranges, order information with various frame sizes and capacities. Special types include hollow shaft, spinner, and customized motors.
- Applications mention positioning, speed control, synchronous operation, and high torque/power needs in machine tools, industrial robots, semiconductor equipment, and other machinery. Example applications shown include feeders, indexers, and material handling.
Stepper motor ppt
The document discusses stepper motors, including their principle of operation, classification, systems, advantages, and applications. A stepper motor divides a full rotation into steps using magnetic attraction between a rotor and stator. There are three main types - permanent magnet, variable reluctance, and hybrid motors. A stepper motor system consists of an indexer to generate pulses, a driver to power the motor, and the stepper motor itself. Stepper motors offer advantages like high torque, precision positioning, simplicity, and reliability. They are widely used in applications like drives, robotics, industrial machines, security, and medical devices.
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The document discusses the speed control of a permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor using an LPC2148 microcontroller. It describes the construction of a PMBLDC motor and how an LPC2148 can generate PWM signals to control the motor speed by varying the duty cycle from 40% to 90%. The results show that motor speed varies from 450 RPM to 5180 RPM as duty cycle is increased, demonstrating an effective approach for PMBLDC motor speed control using an LPC2148 microcontroller.
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This document describes an automatic coil winding machine that aims to reduce the time required for making coils compared to a manual coil winding process. The automatic coil winding machine uses an Arduino microcontroller to control servo motors for precise winding. It has digital displays to show the number of turns and status indicators. The Arduino processes the input data and sends signals to the servo motor, which rotates a master die mechanism to precisely wind wire into slots. This automatic design aims to lower manufacturing costs and increase productivity compared to manual winding.
Stepper Motor Types, Advantages And Applications
A stepper motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical movements. The shaft or spindle of a stepper motor rotates in discrete step increments when electrical command pulses are
applied to it in the proper sequence. The motors rotation has several direct relationships to these applied input pulses. The sequence of the applied pulses is directly related to the direction of motor shafts rotation. The speed of the
motor shafts rotation is directly related to the frequency of the input pulses and the length of rotation is directly related to the number of input pulses applied.
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ME 6702 Mechatronic unit V
- 1. Naveen Uthandi., B.E (Aero)., M.E., 9500706051
- 2. Types of Stepper and Servo motors Construction Working Principle Advantages and Disadvantages. Design process Stages of design process Traditional and Mechatronics design concepts
- 3. Stepper Motor Stepper motor is a brushless, synchronous electric motor and an electromagnetic device that uses magnetic field to move the rotor with the aid of digital pulses that drives power solid state devices ON and OFF
- 4. The 3 Types Of Motors? 1. Variable Reluctance Stepper 2. Permanent Magnet Stepper 3. Hybrid Synchronous Stepper
- 5. Rotor Stator Coils 2 1 S N 1 2 Outside Casing Stator Rotor Internal components of a Stepper Motor Construction
- 6. WORKING PRINCIPLE Stator connected to electrical pulse signal provider which is controlled by a controller. With respect to the pulse given to the controller it passes electric current to flow over a stator. When current flows through stator it act as an electro magnet and attract or repels the rotor depending on its magnetic property.
- 7. Variable reluctance stepper plain iron rotor Minimum reluctance occurs with minimum gap. Rotor points attracted towards stator poles
- 8. Permanent magnet stepper Permanent magnet (PM) in the rotor operate on the attraction or repulsion b/w the rotor PM and the stator electromagnets. The motor operates in the following modes of operation: One phase on mode full step operation. Two phase on mode full step operation. Micro stepping
- 9. HYBRID SYNCHRONOUS STEPPER Combination of PM and VR techniques achieve maximum power in a small package size.
- 11. Variable reluctance Permanent magnet Hybrid 1) Soft iron multipole rotor and a laminated core in the wound stator 2) Has four "stator pole sets" (A, B, C,) set 15 degrees apart 3) Rarely use in industry because of less detent torque. 1) Rotor has no teeth and and a laminated core in the wound stator 2) Has four phase and 90 degrees apart. 3) Ideal choice for non industrial application such as a line printer print wheel positioner and operate at fairly low speed. 1) Standard Hybrid motor has 200 rotor teeth and bifilar stator windings. 2) Standard Hybrid motor move at 1.8 step angles.Other Hybrid motor available in 0.9ºand 3.6º step angle configurations. 3) Wide variety used for industrial applications because of high static and dynamic torque and run at very high step rates. Types of stepper motor
- 12. TORQUE GENERATION The torque produced by a stepper motor depends on several factor. 1. Step rate 2. The drive current in the winding 3. Drive design The basic relationship which define the intensity of magnetic flux is defined by: H = (N x i)/ l where: H = Magnetic flux intensity N = The number of winding turns l = Magnetic flux path length
- 13. Advantages 1. Excellent response to starting/stopping/ reversing. 2. It is possible to achieve very low speed synchronous rotation with a load that is directly coupled to the shaft. 3.The motors response to digital input pulses provides open-loop control, making the motor simpler and less costly to control. The motor has full torque at standstill (if the windings are energized)
- 14. DISADVANTAGES 1. Resonances can occur if not properly controlled. 2. Not easy to operate at extremely high speeds
- 15. APPLICATIONS They are commonly used in watches and old electric meters They are used in wide variety 1. In Industry As - Drilling Machine, - Grinder, - Laser Cutting, - Conveyor;& - Assembly Lines. 2. In computer Peripherals As - Printer, - Plotter, - Tape Reader, - Card Reader;& - Copy Machines. 3. In Business As - Banking systems;& - Automatic typewriters. 4. In Motion Control and Robotics As - Silicon Processing;& - I.C. Bonding.
- 16. What is servo motor? A servomotor is a rotary actuator that allows for precise control of angular position, velocity and acceleration. It consists of a suitable motor coupled to a sensor for position feedback. Servomotors are not a specific class of motor although the term servomotor is often used to refer to a motor suitable for use in a closed-loop control system. Servomotors are used in applications such as robotics, CNC machinery or automated manufacturing.
- 17. Fleming Left Hand rule
- 20. Ac servomotor
- 21. Applications Machine Tool (Metal Cutting) Machine Tool (Metal forming) Antenna Positioning Packaging Woodworking Textiles Printing
- 22. Applications Rope/Twine manufacturing Co-ordinate measuring machines (CMM) Floor polishing Material Handling Door Opening X-Y table Wafer spinning Medical equipment
- 23. Design Process
- 24. Traditional and Mechatronics design Traditional The design having plenty of moving and rotating components for design some task. Mechatronics All components are incorporating with electronics and compacting technologies