This document contains 12 multiple choice questions related to cardiovascular pathology. The questions cover topics like markers for myocardial infarction, risk factors for atherosclerosis, gross findings in atheroma formation, contributing causes of death for patients with severe atherosclerosis, characteristics of aneurysms and stable angina, histologic findings in acute myocardial infarction, and diagnoses associated with malar rash, mitral valve vegetation, kidney scarring and hypertension.

1. MCQS CVS 2
MID EXAM
1 What is the most sensitive and specific marker for a
myocardial infarction (MI)?
A AST
B LDH
C Troponin I
D CK-MB
2 A 56-year-old In the past year he has noted chest pain after ascending a
flight of stairs. He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes per day. On examination h
has a blood pressure of 155/95 mm Hg. Laboratory findings include a total
serum cholesterol of 245 mg/dL with an HDL cholesterol of 22 mg/dL.
Which of the following vascular abnormalities is he most likely to have?
A Lymphedema
B Medial calcific sclerosis
C Atherosclerosis
D Deep venous thrombosis
3 The gross appearances of the aortas and microscopic findings of
atheroma formation. Which of the following is most likely to be the first
visible gross evidence for the formation of an atheroma?
A Thrombus
B Fatty streak
C Calcification
D Ulceration
4 An autopsy study is conducted involving the gross appearance of the

2. aorta of males age from 60 to 90. In some se patients, the aorta
demonstrates atheromatous plaques covering from 70 to 95% of the intima
surface area, with ulceration and calcification. Which of the following
contributing causes of death are these patients most likely to have?
A Hyperparathyroidism
B Hypertension
C Marfan syndrome
D Thrombophlebitis
4 Outpouching or localzed dilatation of a vessel wall or cardiac chamber is
best known as which of the following terms?
A thrombus
B Aneurysm
C Embolism
D Thromboembolism
5 What is the most common histological change seen within 24 hours
following a myocardial infarction?
A Pallor and oedema
B Increased collagen deposition
C Liquefactive necrosis
D Disintegration of dead myofibres
6 What are the characteristics of stable angina?
A Chest pain that occurs with exertion and/or emotional stress
B Severe and crushing chest pain (>20 mins)
C Chest pain that occurs at rest
D Bradycardia
9 Postmortem histologic examination of the heart from the patient who died
of a confirmed acute myocardial infarction reveals coagulative necrosis of
cardiomyocytes, multiple small hemorrhages, and prominent
polymorphonuclear infiltration. What is the most likely “age” of myocardial
infarction in this patient?

3. A < 4 hours
B 4 – 12 hours
C 12 – 24 hours
D 24 – 72 hours
FINAL EXAM
1 A 23-year-old woman has a malar skin rash. On physical
examination, she has an audible friction rub on auscultation of
the chest, along with a faint systolic murmur. An
echocardiogram reveals small vegetation on the mitral valve
and adjacent ventricular endocardium. Laboratory studies show
a positive serologic test for anti-Smith antibody, with a titer of
1:2048. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A Polyarteritis nodosa
B Scleroderma, diffuse
C Systemic lupus erythematosus
D ANCA-associated granulomatous vasculitis
2 A 44-year-old woman dies as a consequence of a 'stroke'. At
autopsy, she is found to have a large right basal ganglia
hemorrhage. She has an enlarged heart with predominantly left
ventricular hypertrophy. Her kidneys are small with cortical
scarring, and microscopically they demonstrate small renal
arterioles that have luminal narrowing from concentric intimal
thickening. Which of the following is the most likely condition
associated with her findings?
A Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
B Diabetes mellitus, type II
C Hypercholesterolemia
D Hypertensive emergency

4. 3 What type of cardiomyopathy is seen in the sudden death of
young athletes?
A Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
B Restrictive cardiomyopathy
C Constrictive Myopathy
D. Infective cardiomyopathy
4 What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?
A Chronic rheumatic valve disease
B Acute rheumatic Fever
C Congestive Heart Failure
D Infective endocarditis
5 What is the most frequent etiologic agent of acute infective
endocarditis in IV drug abusers?
A Streptococcus Viridans
B Staphylococcus epidermidis
C Staphlococcus Aureus
D Streptococcus bovis
6 Which one is the cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy
A Alcohol
B Hemochromatosis
C Amyloidosis
D Viruses
7 The most common vasculitis affecting children is?
A Takayasu disease
B Kawasaki disease
C Henoch Schonlein purpura

5. D Polyarteritis nodosa
8 Onion skinning of the blood vessels is seen in
A Median calcific sclerosis
B Hyaline arteriosclerosis
C Hyperplastic arteriosclerosis
D Artheriosclerosis
9 Hyaline arteriosclerosis is characterized by
A Diffuse, homogeneous, pink hyaline thickening of the walls of
arterioles.
B Occurs typically in young patients
C There is no luminal narrowing
D Concentric laminated (onion skin) arteriolar thickening with reduplicated
basement membrane
10 The most common cause of acquired valvular disease in developed &
underdeveloped countries is
A Rheumatic fever.
B Hypertension.
C Ischemic heart Disease.
D Vasculitis.
11 Mitral valve prolapse
A The valve leaflets are rigid and deformed by calcified masses.
B The valve leaflets are soft and enlarged → ballooning of the leaflets
into left atrium during systole.
C The calcium deposits lie behind the valve cusps
D The free edges of the cusps are usually not affected.

6. 12 Which of the following is least likely to cause constrictive pericarditis
A Tuberculous pericardial effusion
B Staphylococcal effusion
C Post cardiac surgery
D Acute rheumatic fever