This document discusses central nervous system tumors. It covers the cell types that make up the brain and spinal cord, including neurons, glia and other supporting cells. It notes that CNS tumors in children differ from those in adults in terms of location and histologic subtype. The document then classifies CNS tumors into nine categories based on the cell or tissue of origin, including tumors of glial tissue, neurons, mixed glial and neuronal tumors, poorly differentiated embryonal tumors, meninges tumors, and metastatic tumors from other sites. The overall goal is to discuss benign and malignant brain tumors and related familial tumor syndromes.

2.  Congenital Malformation &Perinatal Brain Injury
 Trauma
 Cerebrovascular diseases
 Infections
 Tumors
 Degenerative Diseases

3.  Learning objectives To discuss Benign and malignant tumours of the CNS and
Familial tumour syndromes in terms of genetics, clinical features, associated
lesions, and complications, clinical course Learning outcomes At the end of the
lecture the student will be able to
 Classify the tumours of the brain
 Discuss types, age and sex predominance, incidence, clinical presentation,
morphology and clinical course-prognosis of common brain tumours
 Discuss the common familial tumour syndromes associated with brain tumours

4.  Neurons Glia Astrocytes,
 Oligodendrocytes,
 Ependymal Cells,
 Microglia

5.  Tumors of the CNS are a larger proportion of cancers of childhood
 CNS tumors in childhood differ from those in adults both in histologic subtype
and location
 In childhood tumors are likely to arise in the posterior fossa
 In adults - supratentorial

7.  Tumors of the nervous system may arise from
 Cells of the coverings
 Cells intrinsic to the brain
 Other cell populations within the skull
 Metastases (spread from elsewhere in the body )

8.  1. TUMOURS OF THE GLIAL TISSUE – (GLIOMAS)
 2. TUMOURS OF NEURONS
 3. MIXED TUMOURS WITH GLIAL & NEURONAL COMPONENTS
 4. POORLY DIFFERENTIATED AND EMBRYONAL TUMOURS
 5. TUMOURS OF THE MENINGES
 6. PERIPHERAL NERVE SHEATH TUMOURS
 7. METASTATIC TUMOURS
 8. PRIMARY CNS LYMPHOMA
 9. Miscellaneous TUMOURS