The document discusses oral work and teaching speaking skills to young children learning English as a foreign language. It outlines several methods for presenting new language orally, including using puppets and mascots. It also describes controlled practice activities like telling time and guided practice with limited choices. Role plays and dialogues are recommended as they require using language naturally. Free activities focus on meaning over correctness and include pairwork, groupwork, and whole class games and questionnaires to encourage speaking. Correcting mistakes is important for proper learning. Overall, oral work requires balancing practice opportunities both in and out of the classroom while making the learning fun and accessible for young learners.

1. ORAL WORK
Maya saptri
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2.  Oral work disscused about :
1. General comment in oral work
2. Presenting new language orraly
3. Controlled practice and guided practice
4. Dialogues and role play work
5. Free activities in oral work
6. Conclusion

3.  Limitations
Speaking is perhaps the most demanding skills for the teacher to
teach .One of four skills.Besides Listening,reading and writing . Part
of magic of teaching young children a foreign language is their
unspoken assumption that foreign language is just another way of
expressing want to express , but there are limitations because of
their lack of actual language .
 We don’t know what they want to say
You’ll also find that the children will often naturally insert their
native language when they can’t find the word in english.
 Finding the balance
Most of our pupils have little opportunity to practice speaking
English outside the classroom and so need lots of practice when
they are in the class .
 Correction
If they make mistake then they should be corrected at once.the pupil
are only giving an alternative ,so corection is straighforward .

4.  Some of the ways can present new language orally :
a. Through the pupils
The teacher knows what his or her can do,so she or he says “ Listen to me
,please “.and than give the sentences should be true and accompanied by the appropiate
actions and sound.
b. Using a mascot
One of the most succesful way of presenting language to young children is through
puppets, drawing or a class mascot.You can present dialogues with teddy as partner .
For example :
“Teddy ,can you swim?
No I can’t ,but I can sing.’
And Taddy then sings a song .
OR
“Teddy do you like carrot?
Ugh ,no!
What about bananas?
Yes I love them.’

5.  This part goes hand in hand with presentation is important the pupils try out new language as
soon as they have heard. Here are two examples of controlled practice:
a. Telling the time
Pupils A ask : what’s the time ? Pupil B answer :It’s half past two
b. What’s he/ she doing ?
Pupil A ask: What’s he doing? Pupil B answers : he’s playing game .
 Guided practice follow on directly from controlled practice ,this part usually gives the pupils
some sort of choice,but the choice of language is limited .here are the couple of such
situations:
a. What the time?
Pupil A ask :What’s the time please? Pupils B :it’s ten past two (looking at the clock in the book
and putting his clock ten past two)
b. Chain work
This way uses picture card or word cards .put all the cards fece down in a pile .

6.  Working with dialogues is a useful way to bridge the gap between guided and free activities.
First the teacher will have to present the dialogues in whatever way seems most
suitable.You might like to use puppets, or Teddy or magnet board or flannel board.
 Role play
Another way of presenting dialogues is through role play .The pupils are pretending to be
someone else like to the teacher, or a shop assistant ,or one of their parents , etc.
Dialogues and role play are useful oral activities because:
1. Pupils speak in the first and second person .Text are often in the third person.
2. Pupils learn to ask well as answer
3. They learn to use short complete bits of language and to respond appropriately
4. They don’t just use words , but also all the other parts of speaking a language tone of
voice ,stress, intonation ,facial expressions.
5. They can be used to encourage natural ‘chat’ in the classroom, making up dialogues
about the little things which have happened and which occupy the children at that
moment.

7. Dialogues and role play are useful oral activities because:
1. Pupils speak in the first and second person .Text are often in the third person.
2. Pupils learn to ask well as answer
3. They learn to use short complete bits of language and to respond appropriately
4. They don’t just use words , but also all the other parts of speaking a language tone of
voice ,stress, intonation ,facial expressions.
5. They can be used to encourage natural ‘chat’ in the classroom, making up dialogues
about the little things which have happened and which occupy the children at that
moment.

8. Some characteristics of free activities
•They focus attention on the message / content and not on the language as such ,although
the language will usually be limited by the activity it self .
•There is genuine communication even though the situations are sometimes artificial.
•Free activities will really show that pupils can or cannot use the language ,this is
something which cannot be sure of if you only do guided activities.
•Free activities concentrate on meaning more than on correctness.
•Teacher control is minimal during the activity ,but the teacher must be sure that the
pupils have enough language to do the task
•The atmosphere should be informal and non- competitive. All pupils ‘win’
•There is often a game element in the activity.
 Pairwork
Some pairwork activities . that quite a lot of pairwork activities can be done very
simply in class by making half the class turn their backs to the teacher / overhead
projector / blackboard ,and making sure that all the pupils who have their backs to you
have partners who are facing you .

9.  Groupwork
Are two which are easy to arrange, fun to do, quite easy to organise and which concentrate
on oral work.
1. Take any pictures story from your text book or workbook ,copy it,cut it up and give one
picture to each member of the group. Each pupil then has describe to the others what is in
his or her picture without showing it to the others.
2. Another story telling exercise which needs a bit more imagination and is most suitable for
the eight to ten year olds at level two is where everyone in te group has two object or
pictures of object which have to be woven into a story .
 Whole class activities
In these activities all the pupils get up and walk about
1. The first activity is a matching activity
2. Another activity which is useful and versatile and which we have already touched on in listening
chapter is using questionnaires .

10.  Oral work or speaking is the most demanding skills for the teacher to teach the young
children .Speaking is one of four skills that important for the teacher in learning language .
Speaking or oral work have many ways to be easy in teach young children with oral
work .
 must know what the children want to say ,because if the teacher know the children say
it can be easy to finding the balance to practice speaking english in or outside classroom
and also need lots of practice to young children and than if make a mistake also should
correction at once .
 oral work perhaps many of ways to explored skills and teach to be easy and made the
young children be able to be the good listener of each situations .