The document summarizes the differences between commands and requests in language. Commands use an imperative form, often with an exclamation point, and directly order someone to do something. Requests are more polite, using language like "would," "could," or "may" to ask permission to do something or ask for help. Examples are provided of common commands like "Go away!" and requests like "Could you pass the salt?" The document also provides exercises to distinguish between commands and requests.