This document discusses material management, which involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations and distribution. The key objectives of material management are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Effective material management requires functions like purchasing, inventory control, storage, and issue/use to be properly managed. Inventory control techniques like determining economic order quantities, re-order levels, and ABC analysis are important to ensure adequate materials are available while minimizing costs.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through distribution. The key aims are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time and place at the lowest possible cost. Effective material management requires forecasting demand, establishing scientific inventory controls like economic order quantity and ABC analysis, following proper procurement and storage procedures, and implementing preventative maintenance and condemnation of equipment when required. Adopting sound material management principles can improve organizational efficiency.
This document discusses various aspects of material management. It defines material management and its aims, which include getting the right quality, quantity, time, place and cost of supplies. The key objectives of material management are economy in purchasing, demand satisfaction, reserve stock maintenance, consumption stabilization and client service. The document outlines various functional areas, principles, elements and objectives of an effective material management system. It also describes techniques for inventory control, procurement, storage and issue of materials.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through use. It aims to obtain materials of the right quality, quantity, time, place, and cost. Key aspects include demand estimation, procurement, storage, inventory control methods like ABC and VED analysis, maintenance and repair of equipment, and disposal of condemned materials. Effective material management is crucial for providing necessary supplies to healthcare workers and delivering quality services to patients.
This document provides an overview of material management concepts. It defines material management as planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations to distribution. The key objectives of material management are to obtain the right quality, quantity, and cost of supplies at the right time and place. Inventory control aims to maintain adequate stock levels to avoid stockouts while minimizing investment. ABC, VED, FSN, and HML analyses are approaches to prioritizing inventory items for different levels of control. Economic order quantity models help determine optimal reorder amounts and timing.
This document discusses material management in healthcare settings. It defines material management and describes its aims, purposes, objectives, functional areas, procurement processes, inventory control techniques, and equipment maintenance and condemnation procedures. The key aspects of material management are planning, organizing and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through distribution in a scientific manner to achieve the right quality, quantity, time, place and cost of supplies. ABC, VED, SDE, and FSN analyses are inventory control techniques used to prioritize items.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from purchase to distribution. Its aims are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Key objectives include obtaining the lowest prices, minimizing inventory levels, and operating efficiently. Effective material management requires classifying items using various analyses to determine appropriate inventory controls and safety stock levels based on factors like cost, criticality, usage, and availability. Proper storage, ordering, and disposal procedures help ensure an organization has needed materials while minimizing costs and waste.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use and distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Key aspects of material management include procurement, inventory control, storage, issue and use of materials, and maintenance and disposal of equipment. Adopting scientific techniques like ABC analysis, EOQ, and preventative maintenance can improve efficiency and optimize costs. Material management principles are useful for organizations both large and small.
This document discusses material management, which involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations and distribution. The key objectives of material management are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Effective material management requires functions like purchasing, inventory control, storage, and issue/use to be properly managed. Inventory control techniques like determining economic order quantities, re-order levels, and ABC analysis are important to ensure adequate materials are available while minimizing costs.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through distribution. The key aims are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time and place at the lowest possible cost. Effective material management requires forecasting demand, establishing scientific inventory controls like economic order quantity and ABC analysis, following proper procurement and storage procedures, and implementing preventative maintenance and condemnation of equipment when required. Adopting sound material management principles can improve organizational efficiency.
This document discusses various aspects of material management. It defines material management and its aims, which include getting the right quality, quantity, time, place and cost of supplies. The key objectives of material management are economy in purchasing, demand satisfaction, reserve stock maintenance, consumption stabilization and client service. The document outlines various functional areas, principles, elements and objectives of an effective material management system. It also describes techniques for inventory control, procurement, storage and issue of materials.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through use. It aims to obtain materials of the right quality, quantity, time, place, and cost. Key aspects include demand estimation, procurement, storage, inventory control methods like ABC and VED analysis, maintenance and repair of equipment, and disposal of condemned materials. Effective material management is crucial for providing necessary supplies to healthcare workers and delivering quality services to patients.
This document provides an overview of material management concepts. It defines material management as planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations to distribution. The key objectives of material management are to obtain the right quality, quantity, and cost of supplies at the right time and place. Inventory control aims to maintain adequate stock levels to avoid stockouts while minimizing investment. ABC, VED, FSN, and HML analyses are approaches to prioritizing inventory items for different levels of control. Economic order quantity models help determine optimal reorder amounts and timing.
This document discusses material management in healthcare settings. It defines material management and describes its aims, purposes, objectives, functional areas, procurement processes, inventory control techniques, and equipment maintenance and condemnation procedures. The key aspects of material management are planning, organizing and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through distribution in a scientific manner to achieve the right quality, quantity, time, place and cost of supplies. ABC, VED, SDE, and FSN analyses are inventory control techniques used to prioritize items.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from purchase to distribution. Its aims are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Key objectives include obtaining the lowest prices, minimizing inventory levels, and operating efficiently. Effective material management requires classifying items using various analyses to determine appropriate inventory controls and safety stock levels based on factors like cost, criticality, usage, and availability. Proper storage, ordering, and disposal procedures help ensure an organization has needed materials while minimizing costs and waste.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use and distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Key aspects of material management include procurement, inventory control, storage, issue and use of materials, and maintenance and disposal of equipment. Adopting scientific techniques like ABC analysis, EOQ, and preventative maintenance can improve efficiency and optimize costs. Material management principles are useful for organizations both large and small.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use and distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Key aspects of material management include procurement, inventory control, storage, issue and use of materials, and disposal of obsolete equipment. Adopting scientific techniques like ABC analysis, EOQ, and preventative maintenance can help optimize costs and ensure continuity of supply.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use. The key aims are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Effective material management requires forecasting demand, purchasing the correct items, storing materials properly, and using inventory control techniques like economic order quantity and ABC analysis to minimize costs while maintaining adequate stock levels. Proper procurement, storage, and inventory control are essential elements of ensuring materials are available as needed.
It is concerned with planning, organizing and controlling the flow of materials from their initial purchase through internal operations to the service point through distribution.
OR
Material management is a scientific technique, concerned with Planning, Organizing &Control of flow of materials, from their initial purchase to destination
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use and distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Key aspects of material management include procurement, inventory control, storage, issue and use of materials, and equipment maintenance. ABC analysis and other techniques help prioritize items for control based on cost, criticality, usage and other factors. Effective material management is important for any organization to efficiently obtain and utilize necessary resources.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use. The key aims are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Effective material management requires forecasting demand, purchasing the correct items, storing materials properly, and using inventory control techniques like economic order quantity and ABC analysis to minimize costs while maintaining adequate stock levels. Proper procurement, storage, and inventory control are essential elements of ensuring materials are available as needed.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use and distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time and place for the right cost. Key elements include demand estimation, procurement, storage, inventory control, equipment maintenance, and condemnation of unfit materials. Adopting scientific techniques like ABC analysis, VED analysis, and preventative maintenance can help organizations improve efficiency and make optimal use of resources.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations to distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality, quantity, and cost of materials at the right time and place. Key aspects of material management include inventory control methods like ABC analysis to classify items into A, B, and C categories based on cost and priority. Other analyses include VED, FSN, and HML to categorize items for different criteria. Proper material management helps ensure adequate supply, minimize costs, and improve organizational efficiency.
This document discusses various concepts related to material management. It defines material management as planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations to distribution. It describes key functions like planning, procurement, inventory management, and storage. Different inventory models are explained including EOQ and ABC analysis for classification and control of inventory. Material accounting systems and roles of nurses in material management are also summarized.
material management- inventory control in NSG managementThangamjayarani
The document discusses material management and inventory control in a healthcare setting. It provides definitions of key terms like material management, inventory, and Vital-Essential-Desirable (VED) analysis. Some main points:
- Material management involves planning, purchasing, storing, and controlling materials to provide services at minimum cost. About 40% of healthcare budgets are spent on procuring and managing supplies.
- Inventory is stock held to meet future demand and provide a buffer between availability and need. It is classified as official (for clinical use) and unofficial (for non-clinical use).
- VED analysis classifies inventory based on criticality - vital items are most critical and cannot be out of stock,
The document discusses inventory control in hospitals. It defines inventory control and describes the objectives as maintaining the optimal level of supplies to efficiently order and store just the right amount needed for patients while tracking costs. It outlines different types of inventory including official and unofficial inventories. It also describes concepts like reorder levels, safety stocks, lead times, and costs of ordering, carrying, and shortages. Methods of selective inventory control are provided like ABC analysis.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through use. The key objectives are to obtain the right quality and quantity of materials, at the right time and place, for the lowest cost. This involves effective procurement, storage, inventory control, and disposal processes. ABC analysis and other techniques help prioritize materials for different levels of control based on factors like cost and criticality. Maintaining proper records for equipment helps ensure optimal performance and determines appropriate time for repair, replacement, or condemnation.
Material management is concerned with planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations to distribution. The aims of material management are to obtain the right quality, quantity, time, place, and cost of supplies. Objectives include gaining economy in purchasing, satisfying demand, carrying reserve stock, stabilizing consumption, and providing good customer service. Procurement involves selecting suppliers, specifying contracts, and monitoring orders to acquire supplies as inexpensively and high in quality as possible with prompt delivery.
The document discusses material management in healthcare facilities. It defines material management and outlines its key aims and principles, which include obtaining supplies of the right quality, quantity, time and place at the lowest cost. It describes the various functions and elements of material management like procurement, storage, inventory control and equipment maintenance. The primary objectives are economy, continuity of supply and developing good supplier relationships.
This document discusses various methods of inventory control, including ABC analysis, VED analysis, FSN classification, SDE classification, HML classification, economic order quantity, lead time method, buffer stock, and SOS classification. It defines each method and explains how inventory items are categorized and classified in order to determine appropriate inventory levels and control strategies. The overall goal of inventory control is to maintain an optimal level of inventory to meet demand while minimizing costs.
Material management aims to manage materials in an optimum manner to provide a pre-decided service to customers at minimum cost. It involves planning, sourcing, purchasing, storing, and controlling the flow of materials. Key functions include purchasing, stores management, and inventory control. Purchasing objectives are to avail materials at minimum cost while ensuring continuous production. Inventory control aims to provide adequate supply without shortages at optimal investment. Techniques like ABC analysis, VED analysis, and EOQ are used to classify items and determine optimal order quantities.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through use. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time and place at the lowest possible cost. Key aspects of material management include demand estimation, procurement, storage, inventory control, and disposal. Adopting sound material management principles can improve organizational efficiency.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal operations to distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time and place for the right cost. Key aspects of material management include procurement, inventory control, storage, and disposal. Effective material management results in optimal inventory levels and maximizes supply service and efficiency.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use and distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Key aspects of material management include procurement, inventory control, storage, issue and use of materials, and disposal of obsolete equipment. Adopting scientific techniques like ABC analysis, EOQ, and preventative maintenance can help optimize costs and ensure continuity of supply.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use. The key aims are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Effective material management requires forecasting demand, purchasing the correct items, storing materials properly, and using inventory control techniques like economic order quantity and ABC analysis to minimize costs while maintaining adequate stock levels. Proper procurement, storage, and inventory control are essential elements of ensuring materials are available as needed.
It is concerned with planning, organizing and controlling the flow of materials from their initial purchase through internal operations to the service point through distribution.
OR
Material management is a scientific technique, concerned with Planning, Organizing &Control of flow of materials, from their initial purchase to destination
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use and distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Key aspects of material management include procurement, inventory control, storage, issue and use of materials, and equipment maintenance. ABC analysis and other techniques help prioritize items for control based on cost, criticality, usage and other factors. Effective material management is important for any organization to efficiently obtain and utilize necessary resources.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use. The key aims are to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time, place, and cost. Effective material management requires forecasting demand, purchasing the correct items, storing materials properly, and using inventory control techniques like economic order quantity and ABC analysis to minimize costs while maintaining adequate stock levels. Proper procurement, storage, and inventory control are essential elements of ensuring materials are available as needed.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use and distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time and place for the right cost. Key elements include demand estimation, procurement, storage, inventory control, equipment maintenance, and condemnation of unfit materials. Adopting scientific techniques like ABC analysis, VED analysis, and preventative maintenance can help organizations improve efficiency and make optimal use of resources.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations to distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality, quantity, and cost of materials at the right time and place. Key aspects of material management include inventory control methods like ABC analysis to classify items into A, B, and C categories based on cost and priority. Other analyses include VED, FSN, and HML to categorize items for different criteria. Proper material management helps ensure adequate supply, minimize costs, and improve organizational efficiency.
This document discusses various concepts related to material management. It defines material management as planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations to distribution. It describes key functions like planning, procurement, inventory management, and storage. Different inventory models are explained including EOQ and ABC analysis for classification and control of inventory. Material accounting systems and roles of nurses in material management are also summarized.
material management- inventory control in NSG managementThangamjayarani
The document discusses material management and inventory control in a healthcare setting. It provides definitions of key terms like material management, inventory, and Vital-Essential-Desirable (VED) analysis. Some main points:
- Material management involves planning, purchasing, storing, and controlling materials to provide services at minimum cost. About 40% of healthcare budgets are spent on procuring and managing supplies.
- Inventory is stock held to meet future demand and provide a buffer between availability and need. It is classified as official (for clinical use) and unofficial (for non-clinical use).
- VED analysis classifies inventory based on criticality - vital items are most critical and cannot be out of stock,
The document discusses inventory control in hospitals. It defines inventory control and describes the objectives as maintaining the optimal level of supplies to efficiently order and store just the right amount needed for patients while tracking costs. It outlines different types of inventory including official and unofficial inventories. It also describes concepts like reorder levels, safety stocks, lead times, and costs of ordering, carrying, and shortages. Methods of selective inventory control are provided like ABC analysis.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through use. The key objectives are to obtain the right quality and quantity of materials, at the right time and place, for the lowest cost. This involves effective procurement, storage, inventory control, and disposal processes. ABC analysis and other techniques help prioritize materials for different levels of control based on factors like cost and criticality. Maintaining proper records for equipment helps ensure optimal performance and determines appropriate time for repair, replacement, or condemnation.
Material management is concerned with planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through operations to distribution. The aims of material management are to obtain the right quality, quantity, time, place, and cost of supplies. Objectives include gaining economy in purchasing, satisfying demand, carrying reserve stock, stabilizing consumption, and providing good customer service. Procurement involves selecting suppliers, specifying contracts, and monitoring orders to acquire supplies as inexpensively and high in quality as possible with prompt delivery.
The document discusses material management in healthcare facilities. It defines material management and outlines its key aims and principles, which include obtaining supplies of the right quality, quantity, time and place at the lowest cost. It describes the various functions and elements of material management like procurement, storage, inventory control and equipment maintenance. The primary objectives are economy, continuity of supply and developing good supplier relationships.
This document discusses various methods of inventory control, including ABC analysis, VED analysis, FSN classification, SDE classification, HML classification, economic order quantity, lead time method, buffer stock, and SOS classification. It defines each method and explains how inventory items are categorized and classified in order to determine appropriate inventory levels and control strategies. The overall goal of inventory control is to maintain an optimal level of inventory to meet demand while minimizing costs.
Material management aims to manage materials in an optimum manner to provide a pre-decided service to customers at minimum cost. It involves planning, sourcing, purchasing, storing, and controlling the flow of materials. Key functions include purchasing, stores management, and inventory control. Purchasing objectives are to avail materials at minimum cost while ensuring continuous production. Inventory control aims to provide adequate supply without shortages at optimal investment. Techniques like ABC analysis, VED analysis, and EOQ are used to classify items and determine optimal order quantities.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through use. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time and place at the lowest possible cost. Key aspects of material management include demand estimation, procurement, storage, inventory control, and disposal. Adopting sound material management principles can improve organizational efficiency.
Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal operations to distribution. It aims to obtain the right quality and quantity of supplies at the right time and place for the right cost. Key aspects of material management include procurement, inventory control, storage, and disposal. Effective material management results in optimal inventory levels and maximizes supply service and efficiency.
Muscle spasm is a sudden, involuntary movement in one or more muscles that can pull bone fragments and cause soft tissue injury to the bone. This leads to hematoma formation and inflammation, where chemical mediators cause vasodilatation, pain, loss of function, and infiltration of white blood cells. Over time, the blood clot, phagocytes, fibroblasts, and collagen fibers work to repair the bone matrix and replace the hydroxyapatite.
Menigitis final.ppt medical surgical nursingswethahaashini
Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. It can be caused by bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. Bacterial meningitis is the most severe form and requires immediate medical treatment with antibiotics to prevent permanent brain damage or death. Nursing care involves frequent assessment of neurological status, managing fever and pain, maintaining fluid balance, and promoting mobility once the infection resolves. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to manage meningitis effectively.
New Microsoft Office PowerPoint Presentation.pptxswethahaashini
This document discusses the pathophysiology of tuberculosis. It has three phases: the elimination phase where the body tries to eliminate the bacteria, the retention phase where the bacteria becomes latent, and the active phase where symptoms occur. Macrophages play a key role by engulfing the bacteria to form phagolysosomes using hydrolytic enzymes, allowing the bacteria to replicate over 3 weeks. This leads to the formation of granulomas called Ghon complexes which develop fibrosis and calcification over time.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
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Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kol...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Versio
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
material management in nursing management
1. Definition
It is concerned with planning, organizing and
controlling the flow of materials from their initial
purchase through internal operations to the service
point through distribution.
OR
Material management is a scientific technique,
concerned with Planning, Organizing &Control of flow
of materials, from their initial purchase to destination.
2. AIM OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
To get
1. The Right quality
2. Right quantity of supplies
3. At the Right time
4. At the Right place
5. For the Right cost
3. PURPOSE OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
•To gain economy in purchasing
•To satisfy the demand during period of replenishment
•To carry reserve stock to avoid stock out
•To stabilize fluctuations in consumption
•To provide reasonable level of client services
4. Primary
•Right price
•High turnover
•Low procurement
•& storage cost
•Continuity of supply
•Consistency in quality
•Good supplier
relations
•Development of
personnel
•Good information
system
Objective of material management
Secondary
•Forecasting
•Inter-departmental
harmony
•Product improvement
•Standardization
•Make or buy decision
•New materials & products
•Favorable reciprocal
relationships
5. Four basic needs of Material
management
1. To have adequate materials on hand when needed
2. To pay the lowest possible prices, consistent with
quality and value requirement for purchases
materials
3. To minimize the inventory investment
4. To operate efficiently
6. Basic principles of material management
1. Effective management & supervision
It depends on managerial functions of
• Planning
• Organizing
• Staffing
• Directing
• Controlling
• Reporting
• Budgeting
2. Sound purchasing methods
3.Skillful & hard poised negotiations
4.Effective purchase system
5.Should be simple
6.Must not increase other costs
7.Simple inventory control programme
7. Elements of material management
1. Demand estimation
2. Identify the needed items
3. Calculate from the trends in Consumption during last
2 years.
4. Review with resource constraints
8. Functional areas of material management
1. Purchasing
2. Central service supply
3. Central stores
4. The print shops
5. The pharmacy
6. Dietary
& Linen services
9. PROCUREMENT
1. Directorate general of supply & disposal
(DGS & D, Govt. Of India]
2. Medical stores depot (M. S.D. Government
of India, Ministry of H & FW]
3. Private or public sector undertakings.
4. Receiving donations.
11. Points to remember while purchasing
•Proper specification
•Invite quotations from reputed firms
•Comparison of offers based on basic price, freight & insurance,
taxes and levies
•Quantity & payment discounts
•Payment terms
•Delivery period, guarantee
•Vendor reputation
(reliability, technical capabilities, Convenience, Availability, after-
sales service, sales assistance)
•Short listing for better negotiation terms
•Seek order acknowledgement
12. Storage
• Store must be of adequate space
• Materials must be stored in an appropriate place
• in a correct way
• Group wise & alphabetical arrangement helps in
• identification & retrieval
• First-in, first-out principle to be followed
• Monitor expiry date
• Follow two bin or double shelf system, to avoid
• Stock outs
• Reserve bin should contain stock that will cover
• lead time and a small safety stock
Issue & use
Can be centralized or decentralized
13. Inventory control
It means stocking adequate number and
kind of stores, so that the materials are
available whenever required and wherever
required. Scientific inventory control results
in optimal balance
14. Functions of inventory control
•To provide maximum supply service,
consistent with maximum efficiency &
optimum investment.
•To provide cushion between forecasted &
actual demand for a material
15. Economic order of quantity
EOQ = Average Monthly Consumption X Lead Time [in
months] + Buffer Stock – Stock on hand
CARRYING
COST
PURCHASING
COST
ECONOMIC ORDER OF
QUANTITY(EOQ)
16. •Re-order level: stock level at which fresh
order is placed.
•Average consumption per day x lead time +
buffer stock
•Lead time: Duration time between placing
an order & receipt of material
•Ideal – 2 to 6 weeks.
17. ABC ANALYSIS
(ABC = Always Better Control)
This is based on cost criteria.
It helps to exercise selective control when confronted
with large number of items it rationalizes the number of
orders, number of items & reduce the inventory.
About 10 % of materials consume 70 % of resources
About 20 % of materials consume 20 % of resources
About 70 % of materials consume 10 % of resources
18. ‘A’ ITEMS
Small in number, but consume large amount
of resources
Must have:
•Tight control
•Rigid estimate of requirements
•Strict & closer watch
•Low safety stocks
•Managed by top management
19. ‘B’ ITEM
Intermediate
Must have:
•Moderate control
•Purchase based on rigid requirements
•Reasonably strict watch & control
•Moderate safety stocks
•Managed by middle level management
20. ‘C’ ITEMS
Larger in number, but consume lesser amount of
resources
Must have:
•Ordinary control measures
•Purchase based on usage estimates
•High safety stocks
ABC analysis does not stress on items those are
less costly but may be vital
22. VED ANALYSIS
• Based on critical value & shortage cost of an item
–It is a subjective analysis.
•Items are classified into:
Vital:
•Shortage cannot be tolerated.
Essential:
•Shortage can be tolerated for a short period.
Desirable:
Shortage will not adversely affect, but may be using more
resources. These must be strictly Scrutinized
V E D ITEM COST
A AV AE AD CATEGORY 1 10 70%
B BV BE BD CATEGORY 2 20 20%
C CV CE CD CATEGORY 3 70 10%
CATEGORY 1 - NEEDS CLOSE MONITORING & CONTROL
CATEGORY 2 - MODERATE CONTROL.
CATEGORY 3 - NO NEED FOR CONTROL
23. SDE ANALYIS
Based on availability
Scarce
Managed by top level management
Maintain big safety stocks
Difficult
Maintain sufficient safety stocks
Easily available
Minimum safety stocks
FSN ANALYSIS
Based on utilization.
Fast moving.
Slow moving.
Non-moving.
Non-moving items must be periodically reviewed to prevent
expiry
& obsolescence
HML ANALYSIS
Based on cost per unit
Highest
Medium
Low
This is used to keep control over consumption
at departmental level for deciding the frequency of physical verification.
24. PROCURMENT OF EQUIPMENT
Points to be noted before purchase of an
equipment:
•Latest technology
•Availability of maintenance & repair facility,
with minimum down time
•Post warranty repair at reasonable cost
•Upgradeability
•Reputed manufacturer
•Availability of consumables
•Low operating costs
•Installation
•Proper installation as per guidelines
25. HISTORY SHEET OF EQUIPMENT:
History sheet
Name of equipment
Code number
Date of purchase
Name of supplier
Name of manufacturer
Date of installation
Place of installation
Date of commissioning
Environmental control
Spare parts inventory
Techn. Manual / circuit
diagrams / literatures
After sales arrangement
Guarantee period
Warranty period
Life of equipment
Down time / up time
Cost of maintenance
Unserviceable date
Date of condemnation
Date of replacement
26. Maintenance sheet:
Annual maintenance contract [AMC]
Starting date
Expiry date
Service / repair description
Materials / spares used
Cost of repairs
In-house
Outside agency
27. EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE & CONDEMNATION
Maintenance & repairs:
Preventive maintenance
Master maintenance plan
Repair of equipment
28. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
•Purchase with warranty & spares.
•Safeguard the electronic equipments with: (as per
guidelines)
•Voltage stabilizer, UPS
•Automatic switch over generator
•Requirement of electricity, water, space, atmospheric
conditions, etc. Must be taken into consideration
•Well equipped maintenance cell must be available
•All equipment must be operated as per instructions with
trained staff
•Monitoring annual maintenance contracts. (AMC)
•Maintenance cell
•Communications between maintenance cell & suppliers of
the equipment.
•Follow-up of maintenance & repair services
•Repair of equipment
•Outside agencies
•In-house facility
29. CONDEMNATION & DISPOSAL
Criteria for condemnation:
The equipment has become:
1. Non-functional & beyond economical repair
2. Non-functional & obsolete
3. Functional, but obsolete
4. Functional, but hazardous
5. Functional, but no longer required
30. PROCEDURE FOR CONDEMNATION
1. Verify records.
2. History sheet of equipment
3. Log book of maintenance & repairs
4. Performance record of equipment
5. Put up in proper form & to the proper authority
31. DISPOSAL
1. Circulate to other units, where it is needed
2. Return to the vendor, if willing to accept
3. Sell to agencies, scrap dealers, etc
4. Auction
5. Local destruction
32. CONCLUSION
Material management is an important management tool which will be
very useful in getting the right quality & right quantity of supplies at
right time, having good inventory control & adopting sound methods
of condemnation & disposal will improve the efficiency of the
organization & also make the working atmosphere healthy any type
of organization, whether it is Private, Government ,Small
organization, Big organization and Household.
Even a common man must know the basics of material management
so that he can get the best of the available resources and make it a
habit to adopt the principles of material management in all our daily
activities
33. Acknowledgement
National institute of Health & Family Welfare (NIHFW, New Delhi)
DR.I.SELVARAJ, I.R.M.S MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
INDIAN RAILWAYS MEDICAL SERVICE
B.Sc., M.B.B.S., D.P.H (Madras medical college, Recognized by MCI)., D.I.H.,
PGCH&FW (NIHFW, New Delhi)
III rd year Post graduate student in M.D Community medicine
Department of Community medicine
Sree Ramachandra Medical College,
Porur,Chennai