MARTHA TRANCU RAINER THE FIRST FEMALE SURGEON IN ROMANIA
1. Martha Trancu Rainer(1875-1950), the first
woman surgeon In Romania
Dr Sinziana Ionescu
PHD , Specialist in General Surgery at the Bucharest Oncology Institute,
Assistant professor at the Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
2. Studied at the Faculty of medicine in Iassy 1892-
1898
• PH D thesis March 1899 “The sub-peritoneal pelvic
hematoma”
• The Scholarship of the Romanian Academy after the
first year of study
• 1899 she was head of the Clinic of Obstetrics and ,in
parallel, she used to give consultations
3. She becomes a specialist in surgery in 1904, the head of the
examination committee was Th Ionescu ,then between 1904-
1909 she worked at Colentina Hospital
• Sterile equipment machines
• Operation rooms
• Wards
• The library school for uneducated children
4. During WWI she had the degree of Major
Coltea, The Royal Surgery Hospital ,The military Hospital of transport
1227 surgical interventions
442 procedures of war surgery
4000 consultations
100 beds
200 interventions
5. 1918 Compte rendu des operations de chirurgie
de guerre
• To completely examine the patient as not to miss a lesion
• Not to use the styllet in the wound, if one cannot do the complete
intervention
• Not to suture anfractous wounds by assuming one would get a full
recovery
• Not to fill the trajectory of the projectile with meters of sterile material, by
assuming it will help drainage
• According to her journal ,she had a mortality of 4 per cent in 800
procedures
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8. Martha Rainer was decorated on the 18 th of
February 1919
• 1935 Corresponding Member of The Academy of
Science
• 1938 Titular member of the section of Biology
sciences , Physical chemical and natural department
of the Academy of Medicine
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13. Marta Trancu-Rainer described in her journal many examples of
how the days went on for surgeons during the war (on the 6th of
October 1916) : „At the Colţea Hospital we operated on
continuously. They interrupted me at 16:20 in order to go to the
Palace to see a patient with a resection of the illiac bone. There
wasn t an emergency […]. At the Coltea hospital, a lot of wound
wrapping . I passed by the Eforie , from there to the Palace where I
took out a bullet from the neck , I amputated a finger in the foot
and made an arthrotomy at the tibio tarsal joint.At 2 o clock at
home. Then, again at The Palace wound wrapping and operations ,
I took a fragment of shell out from someone s foot. The evening
came .”
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18. Scientific research with more than 100 papers:
1)Research of experimental surgery
2)Research of general surgery
3)Research on special surgery
4)Research of gynecology and obstetrics
5)Pathology research
6)Endocrinology research
