This document discusses Marriott Corporation's calculation of the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for its three divisions: lodging, restaurants, and contract services. It outlines the steps taken to determine the cost of equity using the CAPM model and leverage betas using Hamada's equation. It also discusses determining the cost of debt based on company debt premiums over government interest rates. The WACC is then calculated using the costs of equity and debt and weightings based on the capital structure. The WACC is calculated to be 7.60% for lodging, 7.32% for restaurants, 7.81% for contract services, and 7.73% for Marriott Corporation overall.
The opportunity to explore how a company uses the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to compute the cost of capital for each of its divisions. The use of Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) formula and the mechanics of applying it are stressed.
The opportunity to explore how a company uses the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to compute the cost of capital for each of its divisions. The use of Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) formula and the mechanics of applying it are stressed.
Case 48 Sun Microsystems Done by Nour Abdulaziz Maryam .docxannandleola
Case 48: Sun Microsystems
Done by: Nour Abdulaziz
Maryam Barifah
Shrouq Al-Jaadi
Balqees Mekhalfi
Yara El-Feki
Introduction
•In 2009, Oracle was planning to acquire Sun Microsystems.
•This acquisition would allow Oracle;
•to further diversify their brand, customers and acquire various new platforms that would be added to their portfolio such as MySQL, Solaris and Java.
•Oracle originally placed an offer of $9.50 per share price which is considerably higher than Sun Microsystem’s price that is $6.69.
•This will cut the production costs and make the company more efficient throughout all the value chain.
•Oracle aimed to capitalize on Sun Microsystem’s decline by getting particular assets or the whole company at the deflated price.
Is Sun Microsystems a good strategic fit for Oracle? Should Oracle acquire Sun Microsystems?
- as it will allow them to achieve their vision of becoming the Apple of the software industry.
- it will allow the company to deliver high-quality customer products by combining both hardware and software components, hence reducing the consumer setup process.
Continue
It will provide Oracle with the needed expansion.
-This acquisition fits Oracle’s overall strategy which is to improve through acquiring and effectively integrating other companies
Worth of Sun Microsystems and Valuation Approaches
To know how much Sun Microsystems worth, we must find the Stand Alone Value of the company.
The Stand Alone value represents the present value of Sun Microsystem individually before factoring the synergy that would be created when Oracle acquires Sun.
Another method is the value of Sun Microsystem with synergies, which after being acquired by Oracle, must be found. This is done to see whether or not the acquisition was a proper strategic decision or not
Another method of valuing the Sun Microsystem is through the comparative company analysis (CCA). That is done through the thorough assessment of rival and peer businesses of similar size and industry.
Finally, the acquisition price, which is the price that is paid to the target when it is first acquired, is also used as a separate method of valuation. The value of the acquisition price ranges between the values of the stand-alone and the synergies.
USING THE DCF
To be able to find the values of both, the Stand Alone and the synergies, we have decided the best way to do so is by calculating the discounted cash flow (DCF) by using the multiples and the perpetuity growth methods and finding the average of both.
DCF Using Multiples MethodDCF Using Perpetuity Growth MethodIt does not consider long-term growth rate or the economics of business.This method seems inaccurate as the company assumes a certain growth rate will remains the same 2014 onwards (forever) which is unrealistic.It is considered a challenging method to use as it is very difficult to identify truly comparable companies.
USING THE WACC
The weig.
To meet all the expenses of the business, the management of any organization should earn adequate profits, Taxes, Insurance, salaries, maintainance, expansion
Case 48 Sun Microsystems Done by Nour Abdulaziz Maryam .docxannandleola
Case 48: Sun Microsystems
Done by: Nour Abdulaziz
Maryam Barifah
Shrouq Al-Jaadi
Balqees Mekhalfi
Yara El-Feki
Introduction
•In 2009, Oracle was planning to acquire Sun Microsystems.
•This acquisition would allow Oracle;
•to further diversify their brand, customers and acquire various new platforms that would be added to their portfolio such as MySQL, Solaris and Java.
•Oracle originally placed an offer of $9.50 per share price which is considerably higher than Sun Microsystem’s price that is $6.69.
•This will cut the production costs and make the company more efficient throughout all the value chain.
•Oracle aimed to capitalize on Sun Microsystem’s decline by getting particular assets or the whole company at the deflated price.
Is Sun Microsystems a good strategic fit for Oracle? Should Oracle acquire Sun Microsystems?
- as it will allow them to achieve their vision of becoming the Apple of the software industry.
- it will allow the company to deliver high-quality customer products by combining both hardware and software components, hence reducing the consumer setup process.
Continue
It will provide Oracle with the needed expansion.
-This acquisition fits Oracle’s overall strategy which is to improve through acquiring and effectively integrating other companies
Worth of Sun Microsystems and Valuation Approaches
To know how much Sun Microsystems worth, we must find the Stand Alone Value of the company.
The Stand Alone value represents the present value of Sun Microsystem individually before factoring the synergy that would be created when Oracle acquires Sun.
Another method is the value of Sun Microsystem with synergies, which after being acquired by Oracle, must be found. This is done to see whether or not the acquisition was a proper strategic decision or not
Another method of valuing the Sun Microsystem is through the comparative company analysis (CCA). That is done through the thorough assessment of rival and peer businesses of similar size and industry.
Finally, the acquisition price, which is the price that is paid to the target when it is first acquired, is also used as a separate method of valuation. The value of the acquisition price ranges between the values of the stand-alone and the synergies.
USING THE DCF
To be able to find the values of both, the Stand Alone and the synergies, we have decided the best way to do so is by calculating the discounted cash flow (DCF) by using the multiples and the perpetuity growth methods and finding the average of both.
DCF Using Multiples MethodDCF Using Perpetuity Growth MethodIt does not consider long-term growth rate or the economics of business.This method seems inaccurate as the company assumes a certain growth rate will remains the same 2014 onwards (forever) which is unrealistic.It is considered a challenging method to use as it is very difficult to identify truly comparable companies.
USING THE WACC
The weig.
To meet all the expenses of the business, the management of any organization should earn adequate profits, Taxes, Insurance, salaries, maintainance, expansion
Modelling benefits at project, programme and portfolio level for EDF's Nuclear generation fleet, case study, David Liversidge, London, 23 June 2016.
The APM Benefits Summit.
APM Benefits Management SIG.
2. +
MARIOTT CORPORATION:
Financial Strategy
Manage rather than own hotel assets
Invest in projects that increase
shareholders value
Optimize the use of debt in capital
structure
Repurchase undervalued shares
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
3. +
THE ISSUE
CALCULATING WACC OF THREE
DIVISIONS
Lodging
Restaurant
Contract Services
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
4. +
CALCULATING WACC
To determine the opportunity cost of
capital for Marriot Corporation, three
inputs are required: debt capacity, debt
cost, and equity cost consistent with
the amount of debt.
The cost of capital depends on each
division.
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
8. +
The Cost of Equity
The Return on Equity (Re) was
calculated using the CAPM Model:
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
Re =
Risk Free Rate+
Beta*(Market Risk Premium)
9. +
The Cost of Equity
Risk Free rates employed in CAPM model:
30YR US Gov’t Interest Rate for the Lodging
Division due to the long-term assets required in
the business
10YR US Gov’t Interest Rate for the
Restaurant Division due to the medium term
assets required
1YR US Gov’t Interest Rate for the Contract
Services Division due to the very short terms
assets used in that business
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
10. +
Betas
Beta was re-levered for each division
using Hamada's equation and the
appropriate capital structure for the
division.
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
BL = BU * [1 + (1-T) * D / E]
12. +
The Cost of Equity
The Long term Market Risk
Premium and the Long term Risk
Free Rate were applied in the
calculations for greater accuracy in
the estimation of risk.
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
13. +
Debt Capacity and the Cost of Debt
The Premium of Company Debt over
Gov’t Interest Rates were obtained
from the case study and used to
calculate Rd.
Equity / Capital and Debt / Capital were
simply calculated using the known D/E
ratios.
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
14. +
Cost of Capital
WACC was calculated using the
standard equation:
WACC =
Re * E/C + Rd * D/C * (1-tax rate)
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
15. +
WACC OF
THE
DIVISIONS
Division WACC
LODGING 7.60%
RESTAURANT 7.32%
CONTRACT
SERVICES
7.81%
MARRIOTT
CORP.
7.73%
Final Results
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
16. +
WACC of the Divisions and
Consolidated
30/01/2015
Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
17. + GROUP 3
Jenni Bianchi
Toni Horn
Hervert Mendez
Lynette Mc Quiddy
Roshan Vaswani
Weiliang Zhang
30/01/2015 Marriott Corporation: The Cost of Capital
Corporate Finance - Professor Christopher Kummer
Editor's Notes
I’ve never heard of an inverse hamada equation. I googled it but couldn’t find it. Maybe it’s just me. I would have just put using the formula for unlevered beta instead of inverse hamada equation, but either way, I’ll go with whatever you decide I tried to fix it on excel and put it here to show you how it would have looked but I couldn’t transfer it right. I’m not sure how you transferred this image. I tried dragging it and it did not look anywhere near how yours does. My numbers were all over the place.