This document provides background information on Mark Twain and his novel Pudd'nhead Wilson, published in 1894. It discusses Twain's life and career, the themes and issues explored in his writing, including race and identity. Regarding Pudd'nhead Wilson specifically, the summary notes that the story transformed from a comedy to a tragedy in drafting, and is set in a slaveholding Missouri town dealing with issues of race, identity and new fingerprinting technology around the time of the Civil War. It also discusses the historical context of debates around race and discrimination in the late 19th century.
A PowerPoint Presentation (PPT) on a 1927 Short fiction by one of the most remarkable literary figures of his time, Arnold Bennett. Important Characters:- John Franting, Lomax Harder, Emily, Gontle Gunsmith, Dr. Austin Bond, Bellevue Hotel.
By Usha More, M.A, B.Ed, LLB, PhD
A PowerPoint Presentation (PPT) on a 1927 Short fiction by one of the most remarkable literary figures of his time, Arnold Bennett. Important Characters:- John Franting, Lomax Harder, Emily, Gontle Gunsmith, Dr. Austin Bond, Bellevue Hotel.
By Usha More, M.A, B.Ed, LLB, PhD
The presentation is all about the characters included in William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. It will introduce different families namely The Montague, where the male protagonist Romeo belongs and The Capulet, where the female protagonist Juliet below. It also show their family tree at the same time the symbols of their family.
Macbeth is a tragedy by William Shakespeare; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606. It dramatizes the damaging physical and psychological effects of political ambition on those who seek power for its own sake.
So, this presentation may useful for you at before or after reading this play.
Thanks..
The presentation is all about the characters included in William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet. It will introduce different families namely The Montague, where the male protagonist Romeo belongs and The Capulet, where the female protagonist Juliet below. It also show their family tree at the same time the symbols of their family.
Macbeth is a tragedy by William Shakespeare; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606. It dramatizes the damaging physical and psychological effects of political ambition on those who seek power for its own sake.
So, this presentation may useful for you at before or after reading this play.
Thanks..
5. Gone with the Wind The Invisibility ofRacism in Americ.docxalinainglis
5. "Gone with the Wind": The Invisibility of
Racism in American History Textbooks
When was the country we now know as the United States first settled? Ifwe forget the lesson of the last chapter for the moment—that Native
Americans settled—the best answer might be 1526. In the summer of that year,
five hundred Spaniards and one hundred black slaves founded a town neat the
mouth of the Pee Dee River in present-day South Carolina. Disease and disputes
with nearby Indians caused many deaths in the early months of the settlement.
In November the slaves rebelled, killed some of their masters, and escaped to
the Indians, By then only 150 Spaniards survived; they retreated to Haiti. The
ex-slaves remained behind and probably merged with nearby Indian nations.5
This is cocktail-party trivia, I suppose. American history textbooks cannot
be faulted for not mentioning that the first non-Native settlers in the United
States were black. Educationally, however, the incident has its uses. It shows that
Africans (is it too early to call them African Americans?) rebelled against slavery
from the first. It points to the important subject of three-way race relations—
Indian-African-European—which most textbooks completely omit. It teaches
that slavery cannot readily survive without secure borders. And, symbolically, it
illusttates that African Americans, and the attendant subject of black-white race
relations, were part of American history from the first European attempts to
settle.
Perhaps the most pervasive theme in our history is the domination of
black America by white America. Race is the sharpest and deepest division in
American life. Issues of black-white relations propelled the Whig Party to col-
lapse, prompted the formation of the Republican Party, and caused the Democ-
ratic Party to label itself the "white man's party" for almost a century. The first
time Congress ever overrode a presidential veto was for the 1866 Civil Rights
Act, passed by Republicans over the wishes of Andrew Johnson. Senators
mounted the longest filibuster in U.S. history, more than 534 hours, to oppose
the 1964 Civil Rights bill. Thomas Byrne Edsall has shown how race prompted
the sweeping political realignment of 1964-72, in which the white South went
131
from a Democratic bastion to a Republican stronghold.6 Race still affects poli-
tics, as evidenced by the notorious Willie Horton commercial used by George
Bush in the 1988 presidential campaign and the more recent candidacies of the
Ku Klux Klan leader David Duke, Race riots continue to shake urban centers
from Miami to Los Angeles.
Almost no genre of our popular culture goes untouched by race. From the
1850s through the 1930s, except during the Civil War and Reconstruction,
minstrel shows, which derived in a perverse way from plantation slavery, were
the dominant form of popular entertainment in America. During most of that
period Uncle Tom's Cabin was our longest-running play, mounted in thousands of
productions. Am.
How to Read and Code 19th-Century British Postmarks in TEI: with Mary Russell...Elisa Beshero-Bondar
a powerpoint slideshow of 19th-century letter manuscripts (shared courtesy of Reading Central Library) with annotations to help guide viewers in reading and understanding postal markings on 19th-century British mail. The guide also orients readers to coding this information according to the standard guidelines of the Text Encoding Initiative, or TEI.
How to Read and Code 19th-Century British Postmarks in TEI: with Mary Russell...Elisa Beshero-Bondar
a powerpoint slideshow of 19th-century letter manuscripts (shared courtesy of Reading Central Library) with annotations to help guide viewers in reading and understanding postal markings on 19th-century British mail. The guide also orients readers to coding this information according to the standard guidelines of the Text Encoding Initiative, or TEI.
Alien Invasions, Pulp Comics, and Watchmen by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons. Contexts in Orson Welles's radio production of War of the Worlds and Superman comics.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2. Mark Twain (Samuel Langhorne
Clemens) (1835-1910)
• Missouri native, world traveller, spends most
of his career as a writer in NY/Connecticut.
• humorist, regionalist, known for historical
fiction, travel writing, short stories, satires,
dark allegories on humanity
• best known for Tom Sawyer, Huckleberry
Finn
• Regionalist writing captures sound of
Missouri/Mississippi River dialects
• published work spans Gilded Age
– post Civil War America, time of unchecked
increase in wealth for American industry
owners, capitalists
– Rapid increase in inventions, technology
Photograph of Mark Twain, Century Magazine,
December 1893
3. Twain’s writing: In Time and Out of
Time:
• often looks backward in time: before
Civil War, or into Middle Ages, or even
to Garden of Eden
• looking backward often addresses
issues of Twain’s present moment
• Forward looking “cutting edge” interest
in new technology: typesetting
machines telegraphs/telephones, light
bulb… fingerprinting
• A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s
Court
• Early interest in defining American
culture as distinct from old Europe
(“The Innocents Abroad”)
• Later writings—increasingly dark satirist
of human vanities and pretensions
(“The Mysterious Stranger”)
4. Pudd’nhead Wilson
• written 1892-3, following
Twain’s lecture tour in Europe
(lots of Italian references)
• Published 1894
• Story completely transforms in
the drafting!
– originally a comedy/farce about
the Italian twins—originally
Siamese twins
– Twain claimed that the story of
Wilson and Tom took over—
changed from comedy to
tragedy
• Setting: 1830-1850s, Dawson’s
Landing = slaveholding Missouri
town on Mississippi River
5. Twain’s interests in Twins
• Chang and Eng (1874)
• Tocci Twins (Italian), born 1875
• Twain’s “Personal Habits of the
Siamese Twins” (1869)
– “Chang” Nye and “Eng” Riley—(duo
humorist and poet on tour) introduced
by Twain as Siamese selves, twinned
minds
• Twin-like, interchangeable
characters in Twain’s fiction:
– Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer
– The Prince and the Pauper (look
identical, change social positions for
a time)
6.
7. 1890s Issues in Pudd’nhead
• New fingerprinting technology
– introduced by Francis Galton,
Finger Prints, 1892
– Twain’s anachronismpre Civil
War case
8. Race Issues in the
Courts, 1890s
• Homer Plessy (left)—
challenges segregation on train
on East Louisiana Railroad
– Explicitly defying state Louisiana
segregation law passed in 1890
– Purposefully stages the event to be
arrested (boards white car,
announces his racial identity)
• Plessy challenges arrest on U.S.
Constitutional grounds
• Judge Ferguson, Criminal
District Court of New Orleans
finds Plessy guilty
9. Plessy vs. Ferguson
• Plessy’s case: His arrest violates the 14th Amendment
• Context: post-Civil War “Reconstruction Amendments” to U. S.
Constitution:
– 13th
Amendment (1865): abolishes slavery, except as punishment for
convicted crime
– 14th
Amendment (1868): All born in U.S. are considered U.S. citizens,
served and protected equally by the law.
• (Also no one who participated in a rebellion against the U.S. can be elected
to government office. And former slave-holders can’t sue the Govt. for
money for “lost property.”)
– 15th
Amendment (1870): Equal Voting Rights (*for men): “The right of
citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by
the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous
condition of servitude”
• Plessy appeals all the way to the Supreme Court through the early
to mid 1890s
10. • Supreme Court ruling
(1896, 2 years after
Pudd’nhead Wilson’s
publication) :
• Court rules 8-1 against
Plessy
• Institutes national
“separate but equal”
precedent, in place until
the 1950s / 60s
– Not appealed
successfully until Brown
vs. the Board of
Education (1954)
11. “Race” as “Social Class”?
• Racial Discrimination-- same as social class discrimination?
Plessy vs. Ferguson case: Chief Justice Brown presented race difference as a “social” prejudice and
therefore outside legislation:
• “Laws permitting, and even requiring (the separation of blacks and whites) in places where they are
liable to be brought into contact do not necessarily imply the inferiority of either race to the
other.......... The argument also assumes that social prejudice may be overcome by legislation, and
that equal rights cannot be secured to the Negro except by an enforced commingling of the two
races. We cannot accept this proposition. If the two races are to meet on terms of social equality, it
must be the result of natural affinities, a mutual appreciation of each other’s merits and a voluntary
consent of individuals....Legislation is powerless to eradicate racial instincts or to abolish distinctions
based upon physical differences, and the attempt to do so can only result in accentuating the
difficulties of the present situation. If the civil and political rights of both races be equal, one
cannot be inferior to the other civilly or politically. If one race be inferior to the other socially,
the Constitution of the United States cannot put them upon the same plane....
• Lone “color blind” Dissent of Justice Harlan: “…in the eye of the law, there is in this country no
superior, dominant, ruling class of citizens. There is no caste here. Our constitution is color-blind, and
neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens. In respect of civil rights, all citizens are equal
before the law. The humblest is the peer of the most powerful. The law regards man as man, and
takes no account of his surroundings or of his color when his civil rights as guaranteed by the
supreme law of the land are involved.”
12. Biological Racism
• “one drop rule” (heredity)
• effect of blood inheritance on abilities, behavior
• Fingerprinting and race in 1890s (Galton and
eugenics)
– Eugenics: control of human population by selective
breeding. Anxieties in U.S. about immigrant and black
populations intermingling with people from NW
Europe
• Fear of Mixed Races: provocative, challenging,
difficult to categorize! Leading to social
instability?
13. Twain and Race
• Twain’s representation of racial
stereotypes—controversial
• How is Twain responding to race issues of
his time?
• Mixed Race issues—source of challenge
to social institutions
14. Stage Adaptation
• Dir. by actor Frank Mayo,
1895
• Involves a white actress
playing Roxy’s character
– (remarked on by reviews)
• Play adaptation: Roxy
mistakenly sends the
wrong boy to the
christening—not planned
• Chambers—given a
larger role–love plot with
Rowena