1. The document discusses factoring perfect square trinomials, which are polynomials where the first term is a perfect square, the third term is a perfect square, and the coefficient of the second term is twice the square root of the product of the first and third term coefficients. 2. To factor a perfect square trinomial, take the square root of the first term, add it to the square root of the third term, and place it in parentheses twice to get the two factors. 3. Examples are provided of determining if a trinomial is a perfect square and factoring perfect square trinomials like x2 + 10x + 25 as (x + 5)2.