The document discusses the Classical period in arts and literature which lasted from 1775-1825. During this time, there was a keen interest in and emulation of the classical artistic and literary works of Greece and Rome. This era is also known as the Age of Enlightenment, a cultural movement that believed human reason and the common man could solve problems through intellectual leaders like Voltaire, Rousseau, and Montesqui who wrote about valuing common people and the power of human reasoning.