Managing Innovation_innovation governance
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The document discusses innovation governance and three models: hierarchy/bureaucracy, new public management/market, and network. It presents examples of how governments have approached innovation funding and regulation using these different models. The text also examines a shift from government to multi-level governance and the case study of electronic health record innovation.
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Political Ideology
Micro-Analysis
Exogenous vs. Endogenous Innovation
Product vs. Process Innovation
Sequential vs. Disruptive Innovation
Business Innovation
The Valley of Death Problem
Meso-Analysis
National Innovation Systems
Knowledge Economies
Enhanced State Functions
Macro-Analysis
The Global Division of Labour
Developing States
Appropriate Technology
The Technostructure
Innovation and Technology
Neo-Realism
Technology operates within the States System, power
Neo-liberalism
Technology driven by markets and driving in turn, power
Marxism
Technology subservient to capital, power
Gramscian
Technology linked to ideological hegemony, power
Feminist
Technology reflecting patriarchal hierarchies, power
Potsmodernism
Technostructure and domination/control/discipline, power
Environmentalism
Light vs Dark Greens, power
Political Ideologyy
Prometheanism
Humans will solve their problems through technology
Technological determinism
Technical fixes
Cornucopians – Mother Earth will provide!
Science and technology ensure continued economic growth
New resources are created which reduce need for scarce resources
Hence a ‘reformist’ environmental agenda (ecological modernisation)
Neo-Malthusians – environmental limits
Economic growth is not limitless, resources will run out
(Soft) Limits to Growth
Technology a leading CAUSE of environmental degradation
Radical ecology opposed to ‘technical fixes’
Eco-Technological Ideology
Neo-classical economics views innovation as an interruption from outside the economic system (exogenous)
A given rate of technological change is assumed
Technology as a function of the historical development of markets
With regulation as an ‘economic cost’ and a sub-optimal distortion
Is social change driven by new technology?
Impact of demands, supplies, efficiency gains
Consequences for other sectors?
Issue-areas are not discrete
Economic, political, cultural, international
Exogenous Drivers
Neo-Schumpeterian economics views innovation as a response to incentives arising within the economic system (endogenous)
Institutions, policies and systems of governance affect technological change
Technology a function of state incentives (economic and legal)
With regulation discouraging/encouraging certain directions in innovation
Feedback loops for promoting efficiency and adaptation
New technologies being created driving global economic growth
States and companies seek ‘first mover advantage’ in technology markets
How does society shape technologies?
What are the political economic drivers?
The market as the key mechanism in promoting innovation
State policies, laws, norms, and institutions that guide behaviour
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- 16. Schematic overview of the first half of the class Wouter Mensink Traditional state government Supranational authorities Local and regional authorities network market “ Multi-level governance” “ Shift from government to governance”
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