Highlights from common practicies of Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) Policies

1. Highlights

2.  Highlights
◦ Innovation
◦ Science and Innovation
◦ National Innovation System
◦ Best practices in STI policies
◦ Indicators and measures

4.  Oslo Manual defines innovation as the
implementation of a new or significantly
improved product (good or service), or
process, a new marketing method, or a new
organisational method in business
practices, workplace organisation or external
relations.
3rd ed. Oslo Manual – Guidelines for Collecting and Interpreting Innovation
Data, OECD, Paris, 2005

5.  Innovation means technologies or practices that
are new to a given society. They are not
necessarily new in absolute terms. These
technologies or practices are being diffused in
that economy or society. This point is important:
what is not disseminated and used is not an
innovation. Dissemination is very significant and
requires particular attention in low- and
medium-income countries.
 Innovation is distinct from research and in fact
need not result from it. Innovations come from
the entrepreneurs who make them happen and
ultimately depend on a society’s receptiveness.
Source: Innovation Policy A Guide for Developing Countries, The world Bank, 2010

6. Problem
Recognition
Problem
Solving
(Invention)
Solution
Exploitation
Innovation
Copyrights © 2012 Jamil Alkhatib 6
"Anything that won't sell, I don't want to invent."
Thomas Edison

8. MoneyKnowledge
Copyrights © 2011 Jamil Alkhatib
Innovation
R&D

10.  .. the network of institutions in the public and private sectors whose
activities and interactions initiate, import, modify and diffuse new
technologies.[1]
 .. the elements and relationships which interact in the
production, diffusion and use of new, and economically
useful, knowledge ... and are either located within or rooted inside the
borders of a nation state.[2]
 ... a set of institutions whose interactions determine the innovative
performance ... of national firms.[3]
 .. the national institutions, their incentive structures and their
competencies, that determine the rate and direction of technological
learning (or the volume and composition of change generating activities)
in a country.[4]
 .. that set of distinct institutions which jointly and individually contribute
to the development and diffusion of new technologies and which
provides the framework within which governments form and implement
policies to influence the innovation process. As such it is a system of
interconnected institutions to create, store and transfer the
knowledge, skills and artefacts which define new technologies.[5]
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_innovation_system 2012
... a set of institutions whose
interactions determine the
innovative performance ... of
national firms.

12. Source: Innovation Policy A Guide for Developing Countries, The world Bank, 2010

13. Source: Innovation Policy A Guide for Developing Countries, The world Bank, 2010

14. OECD Innovation Strategy is built around five
priorities for government action:
 empowering people to innovate;
 unleashing innovation in firms;
 creating and applying knowledge;
 applying innovation to address global and
social challenges; and
 improving the governance and measurement
of policies for innovation.

15.  Policy needs to address:
◦ Knowledge supply
◦ Interactions between different players
◦ Ability of firms to learn
◦ Institutional design
◦ Management of demand side
◦ Technology acquisition, imitation and adaptation
Source: A Framework For Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Reviews, United
Nations Conference on Trade And Development UNCTAD, 2011

19. 1. Government efforts in the 1960s and 1970s were largely
inspired by a linear model of innovation and the idea that
science and research needed to be pushed toward
technological and industrial applications; many policy
initiatives therefore aimed at supporting enterprises in
their R&D efforts or at improving university industry
collaboration.
2. a second generation in which innovation policy became
more complex and aimed at facilitating interactions
between the various actors and institutions involved in
innovation processes: universities, research
laboratories, banks for venture capital, and government
agencies in charge of various sectors.
3. A third generation of innovation policy has appeared. It is
inspired by a “whole-of government” approach, in which
all departments are potentially concerned.
Source: Innovation Policy A Guide for Developing Countries, The world Bank, 2010

21. Plantation Rainforest
A different approach to innovation growth…

22. A new book by Victor W. Hwang and Greg Horowitt, 2011

25. Developed bottom up
with top down support

27. http://jamil.alkhatib.me
http://www.ibtecar.me