The document discusses various topics related to urbanization, urban areas, and rural development. Some key points: - Urbanization is defined as the process where populations move from rural to urban areas, enabling cities and towns to grow. It is influenced by perceived benefits in cities like economic opportunities and services. - Characteristics of urban areas include large populations, population density, heterogeneity, and ways of life involving competition, anonymity, and individualism. - Rural development aims to provide basic necessities, self-respect, freedom, and reduce servitude. It is a goal for improving living standards. - New urbanism is an approach that promotes walkable, mixed-use communities and public transportation to encourage

1. Defining Urban,
Urbanization
and Urbanism

2. Cities are where the
future happen first
they are open,
creative, dynamic,
democratic.
They take up 3 % of
the world’s surface
area (Muggah, 2017)

3. 50%
World
population
live in
cities
75%
Energy consumption
80%
Emit
greenhouse
gases
75%
By 2050
population live
in cities

4. Generally
speaking, sub-
Saharan Africa is
the most fragile
while eastern
Asia and Europe
are the most
stable.

5. The 100RC program supports 100 global cities to respond to the megatrends of globalization, urbanization and climate change by
developing a resilience strategy under the leadership of a chief resilience officer. 100RC addresses a broad range of challenges
including struggling economies, traffic congestion, crime, food and water shortages, natural disasters, disease and terrorism.
An additional 22 cities that have embarked on the process including Sydney, Singapore, Vancouver, Montreal, Paris and Jakarta

7. https://www.google.com/search?q=world+map+of+liveable+cities&rlz=1C1CHWL_enPH741PH741&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=2NxKc_p_HmB3sM%252CCp0
GLoZJQyjI0M%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQumoqHEvsu-
b__gphRmR0vo3AuNA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjX0urt0_juAhWIF6YKHcb8B6gQ9QF6BAgKEAE#imgrc=k81MKBeJm4JS7M

8. 1.Tokyo (Population: 37,435,191)
2.Delhi (Population: 29,399,141)
3.Shanghai (Population: 26,317,104)
4.Sao Paulo (Population: 21,846,507)
5.Mexico City (Population: 21,671,908)
6.Cairo (Population: 20,484,965)
7.Dhaka (Population: 20,283,552)
8.Mumbai (Population: 20,185,064)
9.Beijing (Population: 20,384,000)
10.Osaka (Population: 19,281,000)
Top 10 Most Populous

9. There are 50,000 Cities on
Planet Earth. Half Didn’t Exist 40
Years Ago

10. Urban areas are places of high
populations and high density,
characterized by their built-up
infrastructure. They are expanded by the
act of urbanization.
Rural areas are the complete opposite
of urban areas, having a low population
and density whilst maintaining a lack of
large infrastructure, often agricultural-
based area

12. Most people can
agree that cities are
places where large
numbers of people live
and work; they are
hubs of government,
commerce and
transportation. But how
best to define the
geographical limits of a
city is a matter of some
debate.
So far, no
standardized
international criteria
exist for determining
the boundaries of a
city and often multiple
boundary definitions
are available for any
given city.
2050

13. 149
Cities
33
Highly
Urbanized
Cities
5
Independent
component
cities
111
Component
Cities
There are 149 cities of the Philippines as of July 8, 2023. Thirty-three of these are highly urbanized
cities (HUC), five are independent component cities (ICC), with the rest being component cities (CC) of
their respective provinces.
Urban area" can refer to towns, cities, and suburbs. An urban area includes the city itself, as well as the
surrounding areas. Many urban areas are called metropolitan areas,

14. Ten other metropolitan areas have been recognized by NEDA: Metro Angeles, Metro Bacolod, Metro Baguio,
Metro Batangas, Metro Cagayan de Oro, Metro Dagupan, Metro Iloilo-Guimaras, Metro naga and Metro
Olongapo. However, these ten were not included as official metropolises in the 2017–2022 Philippine
Development Plan created by NEDA
The Philippines has three metropolitan areas officially recognized by the NEDA due to their prominence,
population, size and economy: Manila, Cebu, Davao.

15. Louis Wirth, an American sociologist and member of the Chicago
School of Sociology, coined the term ‘urbanism’ in 1938 and he has
given four characteristics of urbanism. Wirth has identified three
aspects of city-population size, population density and
heterogeneity which directly determine the degree of urbanism in
an urban society.
Transiency: An urban dweller’s relationship with others is short-
lived and he/she is likely to forget his/her previous acquaintances
and engage with new ones.
Superficiality: An urbanite has very few people with whom he
interacts and his relationship with them is nothing but impersonal
and formal. People meet each other in a very segmental manner
and that too for meeting some needs in their life.
Anonymity: People residing in Urban areas do not know each
other deeply. The mutual acquaintance between the residents
which is explicitly observed in a neighbourhood is absent here.
Individualism: Urbanites give more value to their own vested
interests only.

16. The concept of urbanization simply signifies the
process of becoming ‘urban’ and an urban area
has several socio-economic and demographic
as well as spatial connotations which rural
areas do not possess. In the context of urban
areas or cities, the concept of urbanism is very
important which implies the way of life of the
city dwellers.
Sociologists define urbanism simply as ‘a way
of life’. It displays an organization of society in
the context of a complex division of labour, high
levels of technology, high mobility, and
interdependence amongst its residents in
achieving better economic functions and
impersonality in social relations.

17. Urbanization
Rural Urban
movement
More people living in
urban areas
Urbanizationis a
process whereby populations
move from rural to urban area,
enabling cities and towns to
grow. It can also be termed as
the progressive increase of the
number of people living in
towns and cities. It is highly
influenced by the notion that
cities and towns have achieved
better economic, political, and
social mileages compared to
the rural areas

18. The Effect of Population
Density:
•High population density reinforces the
effects of large population size.
•It also results in greater stress as well as
tolerance for living closely with
strangers.
•Low-density city growth causes the
development of the fringe and higher
land value in suburbia.
•An increase in population density
leads to competition by compounding
the effects of population size.
The Effect of Heterogeneity:
•The greater the heterogeneity
more would be the tolerance
among social sects.
•Heterogeneity permits ethnic
and class barriers to be
broken down.
•Individual roles and contacts
become compartmentalized in
accordance with the different
circles of contacts. Anonymity
and depersonalization in
public life escalate.
Urbanism: Concept, Definition & Characteristics -
Academistan
The Effect of Population
Size:The larger the population size, the
greater the possibility of diversification
and individualization in society.
•Similarly, the larger the population, the
greater the chances of specialization and
functional heterogeneity of social norms.
•Competition as well as traditional
mechanisms of social control replace
primary relations of kinship as a way of
organizing society.
•Impersonality and segregation of social
interactions too escalate with the size of
the city/town

19. Accordingly, urbanization is very common in
developing and developed worlds as more and
more people have the tendency of moving closer to
towns and cities to acquire “privileged” social and
economic services as well as benefits. These
include social and economic advantages such as
better education, health care, sanitation, housing,
business opportunities, and transportation.
Causes of Urbanization
Urbanization occurs naturally from individual
& corporate efforts to reduce time and expense
in commuting in transportation while improving
job opportunities, education, housing, and
transportation
Urbanization permits individuals and families
to take advantage of the opportunities of
proximity, diversity, and market place
competition

20. Causes of Urbanization
Urbanization occurs naturally from
individual & corporate efforts to
reduce time and expense in
commuting in transportation while
improving job opportunities,
education, housing, and
transportation
Urbanization permits individuals
and families to take advantage of the
opportunities of proximity, diversity,
and market place competition
Reasons for Migration
People were losing their jobs
on the farms during the
industrialization to machines
• Job opportunities
• Improved facilities
• Better education
• Transportation faster
access to medical help
Benefits of Urbanization
 Improvement In Economy
Growth of Commercial
Activities
Social and Cultural Integration
Efficient Services
Resources Utilization

22. Urbanization is accelerating faster than in any time in human
history. Concentrating in cities more than ever before

23. Future of internally integrated by industrial and productively connected

24. Urbanism
• City way of Life
• Socio cultural consequences of living in
urban places the human side of
urbanization
• Social patterns and behavior associated
with living cities
o Emphasis on: Competition, achievement,
specialization, superficiality, anonymity,
independence, are tangential relationships
o Compared with: a simpler and less
competitive idealized rural past

25. New Urbanism
New Urbanism is an Urban
design movement which promotes
environmentally friendly habits by
creating walkable neighbourhoods
containing a wide range of housing
and job types. It arose in the United
States in the early 1980s, and has
gradually influenced many aspects
of real estate development, Urban
Planning, and municipal land Use
strategies.

26. New Urbanism is strongly influenced
by urban design practices that were
prominent until the rise of the automobile
prior to World War II; it encompasses
ten basic principles such as traditional
neighbourhood design (TND)
and transit- oriented Development
(TOD). These ideas can all be circled
back to two concepts: building a sense
of community and the development of
ecological practices.
Sando : Building
Smarter City

27. Singapore
City built in water. A story of
land reclamation
Reclamation Project
New Urbanism is a planning and
development approach based on the
principles of how cities and towns had been
built for the last several centuries: walkable
blocks and streets, housing and shopping in
close proximity, and accessible public
spaces. In other words: New Urbanism
focuses on human-scaled urban
design. They can be applied to all scales of
development in the full range of places
including rural Main Streets, booming
suburban areas, urban neighborhoods,
dense city centers, and even entire regions.

28. New Urbanists make placemaking and public space a high priority. New Urbanist
streets are designed for people—rather than just cars—and accommodate multimodal
transportation including walking, bicycling, transit use, and driving. We believe in
providing plazas, squares, sidewalks, cafes, and porches to host daily interaction and
public life.

29. Bicycle use is widespread in the Netherlands. 27% of all journeys are made by bicycle. In some cities, this
figure is much higher. The Netherlands is encouraging its citizens to travel by bicycle. After all, more than
half of all trips by car are less than 7.5 kilometers. Most people would find this an acceptable distance to
cycle. The popular e-bike also makes cycling longer distances an option.

30. Rural Development is a
subset of the broad term of
development – a cherished
goals of individuals, families,
communities and nations all
over the world.

33. Ux
Design
Seo
Basic elements of Rural Development
1. Basic Necessities of Life. People have certain basic needs,
without which it would be impossible (or very difficult) for them to
survive. The basic necessitates include food, clothes, shelter,
basic literacy, primary health care and security of life and
property. When any one or all of them are absent or in critically
short supply, we may state that a condition of ‘absolute
underdevelopment’ exists. Provision of the basic necessities of
life to everybody is the primary responsibility of all economies,
whether they are capitalist, socialist, or mixed.
2. Self Respect:
Every person and every nation seeks some sort of self-
respect, dignity or honour. Absence or denial of self-
respect indicates lack of development.
3. Freedom:
In this context, freedom refers to political or ideological freedom,
economic freedom and freedom from social servitude.
As long as society is bound by the servitude of men to nature, ignorance, other men, institutions and
dogmatic beliefs, it can not claim to have achieved the goal of ‘development’. Servitude in any from reflects a
state of underdevelopment.

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