The R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine, a collaborative effort between the University of Oxford and the Serum Institute of India, utilizing Novavax’s adjuvant technology, has received a recommendation for usage from the World Health Organization (WHO) based on its compliance with essential safety, quality, and efficacy criteria.

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2. Malaria Vaccine
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4. R21/Matrix-MMalariaVaccine:
• Collaborative Effort: Developed through collaboration between
the University of Oxford and the Serum Institute of India.
• Adjuvant Technology: Utilizes Novavax's adjuvant technology.
• WHO Recommendation: Received a WHO recommendation for
usage due to compliance with safety, quality, and efficacy
criteria.
• Second Malaria Vaccine: Known as the Matrix-M malaria
vaccine, it is the second vaccine ever developed for malaria.

5. • 2021 Statistics: 247 million malaria cases, slightly higher than
2020.
• India Cases (2022): Reported over 45,000 cases.
• Vulnerable Population: Approximately 80% of all malaria deaths in
the WHO African Region affect children under five years of age.
MalariaBurden Worldwide:

6. • Mosquito-Borne Disease: Caused by Plasmodium protozoa and
transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles
mosquitoes.
• Life-Threatening: Malaria is life-threatening and caused by
Plasmodium parasites.
• Disease Progression: Parasites initially multiply in liver cells and
then attack red blood cells (RBCs).
• Parasite Species: Five parasite species cause malaria in humans,
with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax posing the
greatest threat.
AboutMalaria:

7. GlobalInitiatives:
• WHO's 'E-2025 Initiative': Identifies 25 countries with the
potential for malaria eradication by 2025.
• WHO's Global Technical Strategy: Aims to reduce malaria case
incidence and mortality rates significantly by 2030.
• High Burden to High Impact (HBHI) Initiative: Launched in high
malaria burden countries, including India.

8. India's Initiatives:
• Elimination Target: Government aims to eliminate malaria in India
by 2027.
• National Framework: Developed a National Framework for Malaria
Elimination (2016-2030) and a National Strategic Plan for Malaria
Elimination.
• Focus on Elimination: Shifting focus from malaria control to
elimination.
• District-Level Roadmap: Established a roadmap for malaria
elimination in 571 out of India's 678 districts by 2022.
• MERA-India: The Malaria Elimination Research Alliance-India was
formed under the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).

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