Major religions
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This document provides an overview of the major world religions, including Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism. For each religion, it lists the place of origin, founder, time of origin, core beliefs, holy text(s), clergy, and common religious practices. The religions originated in locations like the Levant, Arabian Peninsula, India, and China, and were founded by figures like Jesus Christ, Muhammad, Buddha, Confucius, and Lao Tzu over the past few thousand years. They involve practices such as prayer, meditation, worship, and following moral or spiritual teachings.
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Major religions
- 1. MAJOR RELIGIONS OF THE WORLD AJ FRANCIS R. CORDOVA BSED – Social Studies 3rd Year ISLAM TAOISM JUDAISM HINDUISM BUDDHISM CHRISTIANITY CONFUCIANISM
- 2. CHRISTIANITY Place of Origin - emerged in the Levant (now Palestine and Israel) Place of Worship – Church, Chapel. Founder – Jesus Christ Time of Origin – About 2000 years ago Belief - believe that Jesus, as the Messiah, was anointed by God as savior of humanity, and hold that Jesus' coming was the fulfillment of messianic prophecies of the Old Testament.
- 3. CHRISTIANITY Scripture – Bible Clergy – Bishop, Priest, and Deacon Practices - Christian practices are things Christian people do together over time to address fundamental human needs in the light of and in response to God's grace to all creation through Christ Jesus.
- 5. SYMBOL CROSS
- 6. ISLAM Place of Origin - Arabian Peninsula. Place of Worship –Mosque/masjid, any place which is considered clean by Islamic standards. Founder – Muhammad. Time of Origin – Year 622 Belief – believe in one God, who has sent messengers with revelation and guidance for humanity so they may be guided to Islam (submission to God) & who have came with both good news and a warning, the last & final messenger.
- 7. ISLAM Scripture – The Qur'an is the sacred scripture of Islam Clergy – Imam leads congregational prayer in a mosque. Practices - Five pillars: Testament that there is one God and Muhammad is his messenger (shahadah); prayer five times daily; fast during Ramadan; charity to the poor (zakat); pilgrimage (Hajj).
- 10. JUDAISM Place of Origin - emerged in the Levant (now Palestine and Israel) Place of Worship – Synagogues, Western Wall of the Temple in Jerusalem. Founder – Abraham Time of Origin – 1812 B.C.E Belief - Jewish central belief is that they have chosen to follow the commandments of the One True God and God will look out for them in return. Every man is equal. Jews believe a Messiah coming and proof will be an end to war and hunger all over the world.
- 11. JUDAISM Scripture – Torah. Clergy – Ancient times: Hereditary privileged priest class--Kohen and Levi. Present day: Religious functionaries like Rabbis, Cantors, Scribes, Mohels. Practices -Prayers 3 times daily, with a fourth prayer added on Shabbat and holidays. Shacarit prayer in the morning, Mincha in the afternoon, Arvit at night; Musaf is an extra Shabbat service.
- 12. FOUNDER ABRAHAM
- 14. SYMBOL MENORAH
- 15. BUDDHISM Place of Origin - India Place of Worship - Monasteries, nunneries, pagodas and temples. Founder – Buddha (born as Prince Siddhartha Gautama ) Time of Origin – 2,500 years ago, circa 563 B.C.E. Belief - The Buddha was the teacher to show the four noble truths and the eightfold path (the path to nirvana or the way to enlightenment).
- 16. BUDDHISM Scripture – Tripitaka - a vast volume of 3 main sections: the Discourses, the Discipline and the Absolute Doctrine - which appeared only after the death of the Buddha, thanks to the monks who collected all the teachings of the Buddha. Clergy –Monks and Nuns, who unitedly and exactly follow the teachings of the Buddha under the name 'Sangha'. Practices -Practices of the Threefold Training: Morality, Concentration, and Wisdom.
- 19. HINDUISM Place of Origin - India Place of Worship - Temple (Mandir) Founder –No particular founder Time of Origin – circa 3000 B.C.E Belief - beliefs determine in thoughts and attitudes about life, which in turn direct actions. By our actions, we create our destiny.
- 20. HINDUISM Scripture –Hindu religion is not derived from a single book. It has many sacred writings which serve as a source of doctrine. The most important texts include the Vedas, Upanishads, the Puranas, the Epics - and the Bhagavad Gita. Clergy – No official clergy. Gurus, Yogis, Rishis, Brahmins, Pundits, priests, priestesses, monks, and nuns. Practices - Meditation, Yoga, contemplation, yagna (communal worship), offerings in the temple.
- 21. SYMBOL OM OR AUM (The essence of all beings is the earth)
- 22. CONFUCIANISM Place of Origin – China Place of Worship – Temple Founder – Kong Qiu (K'ung Ch'iu or Confucius) Time of Origin – Approx. 550 B.C.E. Belief - Confucianism is both a religion and a philosophy of China, and of Asia as a whole. Uses ethical actions and relationship with nature.
- 23. CONFUCIANISM Scripture – Analects Clergy – No official Clergy Practices - Visit to temples to pay homage to Ti'en(God or Heaven), Confucius, and ancestors; To practice ('Jing zuo, ') or 'Quiet Sitting
- 26. TAOISM Place of Origin – China Place of Worship – Temple and Shrine. Founder – Lao Tzu Time of Origin – Approx. 550 B.C.E Belief - Taoism is both a religion and a philosophy of China, and of Asia as a whole. It stresses humanity's relationship with nature.
- 27. TAOISM Scripture – Taode jing (Tao Te Ching) and Zhuangzi (Chuang Tzu) Clergy – Priests and Monks Practices - Visit to shrines, to pay homage to Taoist deities; Tai Chi, etc.
- 28. FOUNDER LAO TZU
- 31. THANK YOU. “Prayer is not asking. It is a longing of the soul. It is daily admission of one's weakness. It is better in prayer to have a heart without words than words without a heart.” -MAHATMA GANDHI.