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MadeSolid 3d printing tech brief
- 1. UV CURING IN 3D PRINTING Lance R. Pickens, MadeSolid, Inc. August 27th 2014
- 2. Digital Model Physical Object
- 4. CONSUMER 3D PRINTING Largely dominated by thermoplastic extrusion printers Robotic Arm + Glue Gun = FDM 3D Printers Pictures: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armatron
- 6. David assembling an SLA 3D Printer, ca 2013
- 7. 3D PRINTING INDUSTRY METRICS Industrial Systems • >$500 Million spent on materials • >$200 Million on Photopolymers • 21% Annual Growth * Wohlers Associates, Inc., * 3DPrintingIndustry News * Gartner Consumer 3D • ~35,000-50,000 2012 • ~70,000-95,000 2013 • >1,000,000 2017 Consumer 3D Printer adoption is difficult to measure accurately
- 8. CONSUMER 3D PRINTERS Thermoplastic Extrusion pros • Easy Implementation • Variety of materials • mechanical performance cons • slow • low resolution • variety of failure modes Photopolymer Systems pros • high resolution • low failure rate • speed cons • expensive to implement • lack of software tools
- 9. SLAVS FDM
- 11. PHOTOINITIATOR Absorbs photons Wavelength Specific Reaction specific Wavelength Specificity Determines lamp source Benzophenone
- 12. MONOMERS • Contain High energy bonds • Can link up to other monomers through new chemical bond formation • Typically Acrylate or Epoxy type functionality
- 13. WHY UV IS HERETO STAY Controlling light is getting easier, cheaper, and faster
- 14. UV IN 3D PRINTING? • SLA: Stereolithography • DLP: Digital Light Projection • Material Jetting 3 Different kinds of UV based 3D Printers
- 15. UV IN 3D PRINTING SLA: Stereolithography Original 3D printing technology, invented by Charles Hull over 30 years ago as a direct result of UV cured coatings. Light source is a laser which traces out a pattern onto a thin layer of monomer+photoinitiator combo
- 16. "Comparison CD DVD HDDVD BD" by Cmglee - Own work. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Comparison_CD_DVD_HDDVD_BD.svg#mediaviewer/ File:Comparison_CD_DVD_HDDVD_BD.svg WAVELENGTH IS KEY
- 17. SLA PRINTERS Advantages: • Larger build areas than DLP • > power/cm2 (Lasers!) Disadvantages: • XY resolution • beam path generation • Supported overhangs
- 18. SLA PRINTERS Build Chamber Laser Optics Unit
- 19. IF DLP WERE CHEAP ENOUGH Build Chamber Laser Optics Unit Projector
- 20. DLP BASED 3D PRINTERS Consumer Electronic Projector hardware Superior resolution to SLA
- 21. DLP PROJECTORS Retail Price of HD DLP 50X drop in price
- 22. WHY UV WILL DOMINATE 3D PRINTING INTHE NEXT 5YEARS • Decreasing cost of consumer electronics • Increasing demand for HD Entertainment • Easier tool path creation, smaller file sizes • Wider variety of materials and chemistry • User experience • Higher detail • Moore’s Law in your sails
- 23. RESOLUTION 50um X 50um Y 20um Z
- 24. ADVANCED MATERIALS? Photopolymerization enables: • Precise control over reaction volume • Broad feedstock selection • Wide variety of chemistry towards new function • Rapid Development Cycles
- 25. WHATTO EXPECT FROM CHEMISTRY Renewable Feedstocks Stimuli responsive materials Improved mechanical performance Nanoscale structural features …
- 26. PHOTOCHEMISTRYTECHNOLOGY IS A FOUNDATIONALTECHNOLOGY FORTHE FUTURE OF 3D PRINTING