3. Sustainability
• Do what is needed now, but
without compromising the needs of
future generations
• sustainability = trade-off
o now versus future
o economy versus environment
4. IWRM
• Integration of:
o surface water and groundwater
o quantity and quality
o ecological aspects
o other fields: environmental planning, spatial
planning, etc
• from sectoral approach to holistic approach
• process orientation + economics + institutions
5. Dublin principles - 1992
• Fresh water is a finite and vulnerable resource,
essential to sustain life, development and
environment
• Water development and management should be
based on a participatory approach, involving
users, planners and policy makers at all levels
• Women play a central part in the provision,
management and safeguarding of water
• Water has an economic value in all its competing
uses and should be recognized as an economic
good
6. Definition of IWRM
Global Water Partnership (GWP), 2000:
IWRM is a process which promotes the co-
ordinated development and management of
water, land and related resources, in order
to maximise the resultant economic and
social welfare in an equitable manner
without compromising the sustainability of
vital ecosystems
See: Tec 4 of GWP
11. Identify issues
Evaluation
Implementation
Action planning
Select alternative
Design and assess alternative
Analyse problems
Content
Awareness raising
Mobilising actors
Dialogue
Link problems-solutions
Negotiate contributions
Fix commitment
Express concerns
Process
12. IWRM
• IWRM is a learning process (steps,
interaction)
• IWRM = balancing of interests
(functions)
• To be applied at river basin level
• Implementation is culture and
situation dependent
Learn from others, don’t copy !
13. The challenge of IWRM
To strike a balance between the use of the resources as a
basis for livelihood and the protection and conservation of
the resource to sustain its functions and characteristics
14.
15. Flood
•Floods are the most common and
destructive events among natural
disasters
•Flood events and their damages have
been increased in the recent decades
16.
17. Flood Management
•So, traditional approaches of flood
management have not been able to
control the damages of floods and
adoption of new approaches is
essential. The need for new
approaches of Sustainable
Development, Risk Management and
Resilience is emphasised in:
18. Flood Management
•Earth Summit, UN Div. for S.D.,
Agenda 21, Rio, 1992
• Intl. Strategy for Disaster
Reduction, UN, 2000
• World Summit on S.D. (WSSD),
Johannesburg, 2003
•Intl. Decade for Action, Water for Life
2005-2015, UN G.A.
19. Traditional and new approaches to flood
management
Risk = event probability * consequences
Flood Management
20. Traditional and new approaches to flood
management
Risk = event probability * consequences
Traditional strategies = Resistant strategies
= Flood control to reduce event probability
with resistant measures such as dikes
increased dikes height = increased
confidence = increased economic
development = increased risk
Flood Management
21.
22.
23. Risk = event probability * consequences
New strategies = Risk management
strategies = Resilient strategies
Introduced as one of the principles of
Sustainable Development
Flood Management
24. Resilience = Ability of a system to withstand
disturbances by recovery
Resistance = Ability of a system to withstand
disturbances without any reaction
Flood Management
25. Resilience in natural disasters is one of the
elements of Sustainable Development
Flood Management
26. IFM is a process that promotes an integrated,
rather than fragmented, approach to flood
management. It integrates land and water
resources development in a river basin,
within the context of IWRM, and aims to
maximize the net benefit from floodplains
and to minimize loss to life from flooding
Ref.: Associated Programme on Flood Management
(APFM), GWP
Integrated Flood Management (IFM)
27. •More Room for Rivers or
Learning to Live With
Floods
•Landuse Planning
•Green Rivers (Bypass
Channels)
•Compartments (Detention
Ponds)
•Flood Forecasting and Flood
Warning
•Evacuation Plans
•Flood Insurance
Resilient Strategies in Flood Management
28. Quantifying resilience by indicators
•Amplitude
• Expected Annual Damages (EAD)
• Expected Annual Number of Casualties
(EANC)
Resilient Strategies in Flood Management
∫
=
=
)0(
10000/1
)(
DP
dPPPDEAD
∫
=
=
)0(
10000/1
)(
DP
dPPPCEANC
31. •Ranking the different flood risk management
strategies and choosing the best/most
resilient strategy is a Multi-Criteria Decision
Making (MCDM) problem which can be
addressed by Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE)
techniques. This is also called Decision
Support System (DSS)
Multi-Criteria Decision Making
34. Flood Management Strategies:
•Strategy #1: Natural Conditions
•Strategy #2: Golestan Dam
•Strategy #3: Dikes along the reaches
•Strategy #4: Green Rivers
•Strategy #5: Flood Warning System
•Strategy #6: Flood Insurance
•Strategy #6: Flood Warning System & Flood
Insurance
Case Study
35. Flood Inundation Modelling (Flood Mapping)
•For all the strategies with 2, 5, 10, 25, 50,
100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000 and 1000
years return periods with MIKE FLOOD
(Dynamic couple of MIKE 11 and MIKE 21)
Case Study
42. Thank you for your attention
“No loss by flood and lightening, no
destruction of cities and temples by
the hostile forces of nature, has
deprived man of so many noble lives
and impulses as those which his
intolerance has destroyed”
Helen Keller
44. Tehran Flood Mitigation Studies
•15th
largest city in the world in terms of
population (Ref.: Wikipedia) (8-12 mill.)
•700 km2
•>800m difference in altitude in urban area
•>2500m difference in altitude in the
catchment area
•Very steep slope in North-South direction
•Very mild slope in East-West direction
62. Velenjak River
Velenjak River – Moqaddas Ardebili Cross
Velenjak River – Sediment Detention Basin
Velenjak River – Downstream of Sediment
Detention Basin
JWRC April 2005
63. Velenjak River – Between Moqaddas Ardebili
and Chamran Highway
Velenjak River – Nil St. Velenjak River – MIrdamad Cross
Velenjak River – Entrance to the Diversion
Tunnel
JWRC April 2005
64. Tehran Flood Mitigation Studies
4
5 2
1
22
3
21
6
9
18
7
15
8
20
16
14
13
1211
19
17
10N
EW
S
Regions of Tehran
Flood ways of Tehran
3 0 3 6 9 Kilometers
510000
510000
515000
515000
520000
520000
525000
525000
530000
530000
535000
535000
540000
540000
545000
545000
550000
550000
555000
555000
3935000
3935000
3940000
3940000
3945000
3945000
3950000
3950000
3955000
3955000
3960000
3960000
3965000
3965000
74. Thank you for your attention
“No loss by flood and lightening, no
destruction of cities and temples by
the hostile forces of nature, has
deprived man of so many noble lives
and impulses as those which his
intolerance has destroyed”
Helen Keller
