Downloaded 175 times
![Propagation Models19
MAPL
Propagation
Model
Cell
Radius
An RF propagation model is a mathematical formula used to characterize the radio wave
propagation between the transmitter and receiver.
Okumura-Hata: [150MHz,1500MHz]
hms & hb are the UE and eNB heights, R is the separation between Tx and Rx antennas
By substituting PL by MAPL in the previous equation we get the cell Radius
COST231-Hata: [1500MHz,2000MHz]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ltecellplanning-170508051224/85/LTE-Cell-Planning-19-320.jpg)
Uploaded byMohammad Alsharif
LTE Cell Planning
The document presents a comprehensive planning tool focused on LTE network design, detailing key parameters, project phases, coverage planning, and capacity calculations. It encompasses various topics including radio propagation models, link budget calculations, and testing methodologies, aimed at optimizing the number of required eNodeBs to meet coverage and capacity demands. Additionally, it highlights necessary enodeb parameters, system characteristics, and performance metrics essential for effective network planning.
More Related Content
LTE Cell Planning
- 1. Planning ToolPresented by:Eng.Mhmd Al-sharif
- 2. Outlines: 1. LTE KeyParameters 2. Project Phases 3. Coverage Planning System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters RF Propagation Model Coverage calculations 4. Capacity Planning Network Throughput Service Model Traffic Model Control Overhead Cell Throughput Capacity Calculations 5. Testing 2
- 3. LTE Key Parameters OFDMA for DL multiple access SC-FDMA for UL multiple access RB consists of 12 SCs and 0.5ms TS on time domain Radio frame duration = 10ms = 10 subframes = 20 TS Maximum throughput: DL 300Mbps & UL 75 Mbps Various MIMO techniques on DL and UL 3
- 4. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Project Block Diagram Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 4 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users
- 5. Coverage Planning Ourgoal: Calculating the number of eNodeBs needed to provide signals with enough received power on DL & UL inside the coverage area. Link Budget: Received Power = Transmitted Power + Gains - Losses 5 MAPL=EIRP+Gain–Margins– Sensitivity
- 6. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Project Block Diagram Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 6 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Capacity Planning
- 7. DL Link Budget SystemParameters Duplex mode: FDD Frequency bands: 19 paired frequency bands Channel Bandwidth(MHz):1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 Clutter type: Dense Urban, Urban, Suburban and Rural Channel Model: EPA5Hz & ETU70Hz • EPA5HZ: 2~7 km/hr • ETU70HZ: 28~102 km/hr 7 20MHz15MHz10MHz5MHz 1.4MHz 3MHz 100RB50RB 75RB25RB15RB6RB
- 8. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Project Block Diagram Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 8 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Capacity Planning
- 9. 9 Tx Power Per SC Feeder Loss Jumper Loss Connector Loss TTA insertionLoss Tx Antenna Gain EIRP (dBi) DL Link Budget eNodeB Parameters
- 10. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 10 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Capacity Planning Project Block Diagram
- 11. 11 Noise figure SINR Required Thermal noise per SC (dBm) Receiver Sensitivity (dBm) BodyLoss More Complicated DL Link Budget UE Parameters
- 12. 12 Required SINR MIMO Scheme Channel Model (EPA5, ETU70) TargetBLER (Typically 10%) Allocated NRB Target MCS {0,..,28} Target cell edge throughput (T) Manual or from Optimization method Channel Bandwidth QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM Coding rates: 12%~93% DL Link Budget UE Parameters Calculating the Required SINR
- 13. MCS withthe least number of RBs, requires high SINR (big capacity low coverage) MCS with minimum needed SINR, requires a lot of RBs (high coverage small capacity) Optimum MCS balancing the number of granted RBs and the required SINR Example: DL throughput 10Mbps: 13 MCS14 is the optimum MCS DL Link Budget UE Parameters Calculating the Required SINR Method of Optimizing MCS
- 14. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 14 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Capacity Planning Project Block Diagram
- 15. HARQ &TTI bundling reduce the required Rx SINR which is translated as gain in the link budget TTI bundling delay is less than HARQ delay TTI Bundling is recommended for VoIP and real time services HARQ is recommended in good CQI conditions and BE services 15 HARQ Gain from simulation Target MCS Target Residual BLERAllocated NRB Target Number of Retransmissions DL Link Budget Other Parameters: HARQ Gain & TTI Bundling Gain
- 16. 16 DL Link Budget OtherParameters: Margins
- 17. Beam formingGain: 2 ~ 5 dB depends on building density FDBS Gain: depends on the scheduling algorithm {Round Robin, Carrier by carrier in turn, Riding Peaks, RB Grouping} Handover Gain: 2 ~ 5 dB 17 DL Link Budget Other Parameters: Other Gains
- 18. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 18 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Capacity Planning Project Block Diagram
- 19. Propagation Models19 MAPL Propagation Model Cell Radius AnRF propagation model is a mathematical formula used to characterize the radio wave propagation between the transmitter and receiver. Okumura-Hata: [150MHz,1500MHz] hms & hb are the UE and eNB heights, R is the separation between Tx and Rx antennas By substituting PL by MAPL in the previous equation we get the cell Radius COST231-Hata: [1500MHz,2000MHz]
- 20. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 20 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Capacity Planning Project Block Diagram
- 21.
- 22. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 22 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Capacity Planning Project Block Diagram
- 23. Capacity Planning Ourgoal: Total Network Throughput: the total required throughput to be provided by the network Cell Throughput: throughput available in a single cell 23 Network throughput Cell throughput Calculating the number of eNBs needed to provide DL&UL bit rates required by all UEs in the network
- 24. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 24 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Project Block Diagram
- 25.
- 26. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 26 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Project Block Diagram
- 27. Service Model Includes severalparameters used to calculate the traffic volume exchanged during the session of providing a certain service to a single user. 27
- 28. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 28 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Project Block Diagram
- 29. Traffic Model Trafficmodel describes the general UEs behaviors BHSA (Busy Hour Session Attempts) number of the attempts to establish a session during the busy hour for a single UEs and certain service Penetration Ratio: the proportion of the number of subscribers interested in a certain service to the total number of subscribers in the network. 29
- 30. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 30 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Project Block Diagram
- 31. Physical layer ControlOverhead DL: • Reference Signals Overhead: 4.76 ~ 16.6 % • Synchronization Signals Overhead: 0.09 ~ 1.67 % • PBCH overhead: 0.16 ~ 3.06 % • Control channels overhead (PDCCH, PCFICH & PHICH): 16.67 ~ 23.61 % UL: • Reference signals overhead: 11.9 ~ 15.3 % • PUCCH overhead: 8 ~16.7 % • PRACH overhead: 0.3 ~ 5 % 31 Example:
- 32. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 32 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Project Block Diagram
- 33. Cell Throughput (onMAC layer)33 × × × × × -
- 34. 34 Throughput for MCS0 MCS0 probability Throughput for MCS1 MCS1 probability Throughput forMCS1 MCS1 probability Throughput for MCS28 MCS28 probability × × × × + Cell average throughput (MAC) Cell Throughput (on MAC layer)
- 35. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 35 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Project Block Diagram
- 36.
- 37. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 37 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Project Block Diagram
- 38.
- 39. Required eNodeB Number Link Budget MAPL Dimensioning Area/CellArea Propagation Model Cell Radius Required Cells due to Coverage Service Model Single user throughput Network Throughput (IP) control overhead Cell throughput (MAC) Cell throughput (IP) Network Throughput/Cell throughput Requirements Capabilities Required Cells due to Capacity Traffic Model 39 System Parameters eNodeB Parameters UE Parameters Other Parameters Dimensioning Area Cell Area Cell Type Number of users Project Block Diagram
- 40. Number of Cells40 Demo:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4qqwwuJAd4A Max Number of cells due to Coverage Number of cells due to capacity Number of Cells
- 41. Results – DefaultConfiguration System, eNB and UE parameters 41
- 42. 42 Results – DefaultConfiguration other parameters, propagation model parameters and coverage calculations
- 43. 43 Results – DefaultConfiguration Service Model and Traffic Model
- 44. 44 Results – DefaultConfiguration single user throughput and average cell throughput
- 45. 45 Results – DefaultConfiguration the result Number of needed sites to fulfil: Coverage requirements: 2,098 Capacity requirements: 11,364 Final result: 11,364 sites
- 46. Testing: operating band46 otherparameters are kept as default 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 UMTS Only 850 700 ac 700 bc 900 700 c PS 800 lower 800 upper 800 DD 1500 lower 1500 upper AWS 1800+ 1800 1900 PCS 2100 AWS+ 2600 Operating Frequency band Needed sites Needed sites considering only coverage requirements
- 47. Testing: Bandwidth47 Operating bandis AWS, DL MCS18, UL MCS14, cell edge throughput (DL1024Kbps , UL512Kbps), default configuration for other parameters 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000 1.4MHz 3MHz 5MHz 10MHZ 15MHZ 20MHZ Needed sites considering only coverage requirements Needed sites considering only Capacity requirements Bandwidth Needed sites
- 48. Testing: DL celledge throughput48 Operating band is AWS, cell edge throughput (UL128Kbps), default configuration for other parameters 9114 9257 9525 9299 9028 9381 9841 10313 10602 10840 11038 11200 11404 11664 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 256K 512K 1M 2M 3M 4M 5M 6M 7M 8M 9M 10M 11M 12M Needed sites considering only coverage requirements DL cell edge throughput (bps) Needed sites
- 49. Testing: UL celledge throughput49 Operating band is AWS,BW 20MHz,DL limitation is eliminated,default configuration for other parameters 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 256K 512K 1M 2M 3M 4M 5M 6M 7M 8M 9M 10M Needed sites Needed sites considering only UL coverage UL cell edge throughput (bps)
- 50. Testing: Channel Model50 defaultconfiguration for all parameters except channel model 2085 2090 2095 2100 2105 2110 2115 2120 2125 2 - 7 Km/hr 28 - 102 Km/hr Needed sites Needed sites in considering only coverage requirements
- 51. Testing: Clutter Type51 defaultconfiguration for all parameters except clutter type 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural Needed sites considering only coverage requirementsneeded sites
- 52. Testing: DL MIMOTechnique52 default configuration for all parameters except DL MIMO Technique 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 1Tx - 2Rx(MRC) 2Tx - 2Rx (TxDiv) 2Tx - 2Rx (SM) Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements Needed sites considering only DL Capacity requirements needed sites DL MIMO Technique
- 53. Testing: UL MIMOTechnique53 default configuration for all parameters except UL MIMO Technique 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 1Tx - 1Rx 1Tx - 2Rx (MRC) 1Tx - 4Rx (MRC) 1Tx - 2Rx (MU-MIMO) 1Tx - 4Rx (MU-MIMO) Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements Needed sites considering only UL Capacity requirementsneeded sites UL MIMO Technique
- 54. Testing: DL MCS54 defaultconfiguration for all parameters except DL MCS 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements needed sites DL MCS
- 55. Testing: UL MCS55 defaultconfiguration for all parameters except UL MCS, UL Cell edge throughput 512kbps 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirementsneeded sites UL MCS
- 56. Testing: DL rBLER/ HARQ configuration56 default configuration for all parameters except DL rBLER / HARQ configuration 2098 3381 1220 875 676 4101 1315 912 721 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 rBLER = 10% (1Tr) rBLER = 2% (1Tr) rBLER = 2% (2Tr) rBLER = 2% (3Tr) rBLER = 2% (4Tr) rBLER = 1% (1Tr) rBLER = 1% (2Tr) rBLER = 1% (3Tr) rBLER = 1% (4Tr) Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirementsneeded sites DL rBLER / HARQ configuration
- 57. Testing: UL rBLER/ HARQ configuration57 default configuration for all parameters except UL rBLER / HARQ configuration 1563 2756 1234 957 800 3426 1329 1019 839 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 rBLER = 10% (1Tr) rBLER = 2% (1Tr) rBLER = 2% (2Tr) rBLER = 2% (3Tr) rBLER = 2% (4Tr) rBLER = 1% (1Tr) rBLER = 1% (2Tr) rBLER = 1% (3Tr) rBLER = 1% (4Tr) Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements UL rBLER / HARQ configuration Num of needed sites
- 58. Testing: DL TTIBundling size58 default configuration for all parameters except DL TTI Bundling size 2098 1397 1101 930 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 1 TTI (No TTI Bundling) 2 TTI 3 TTI 4 TTI Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements needed sites DL TTI Bundling size
- 59. Testing: UL TTIBundling size59 default configuration for all parameters except UL TTI Bundling size 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 1 TTI (No TTI Bundling) 2 TTI 3 TTI 4 TTI Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements UL TTI Bundling size needed sites
- 60. Testing: UE TxPower60 • default configuration for all parameters except UE Tx Power 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 Class 1 (33 dBm) Class 2 (27 dBm) Class 3 (24 dBm) Class 3 (23 dBm) Class 4 (21 dBm) Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements needed sites UE Tx Power
- 61. Testing: eNodeB TxPower61 • default configuration for all parameters except eNodeB Tx Power 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 39 dBm (8W) 43 dBm (20W) 46 dBm (40W) 47.78 dBm (60W) Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements Needed Sites eNodeB Tx power per antenna
- 62. Testing: eNodeB TxAntenna Gain62 • default configuration for all parameters except eNodeB Tx Antenna Gain 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements Needed Sites eNB Tx Antenna Gain (dB)
- 63. Testing: eNodeB TxAntenna Gain63 • default configuration for all parameters except eNodeB Rx Antenna Gain 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirements Needed Sites eNB Rx Antenna Gain (dB)
- 64. Testing: Feeder Diameter64 •default configuration for all parameters except Feeder Diameter 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 1/2" 7/8" 5/4" 13/8" Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirementsNeeded Sites Feeder Diameter
- 65. Testing: Feeder Length65 •default configuration for all parameters except Feeder length 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Needed sites considering only DL coverage requirements Needed sites considering only UL coverage requirementsNeeded Sites Feeder Length (m)
- 66. Testing: Penetration Loss66 •default configuration for all parameters except Penetration Loss 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 8 dB (Rural) 10 dB (Suburban) 15 dB (Urban) 20 dB (Dense Urban) Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements Needed Sites Penetration Loss
- 67. Testing: Cell EdgeProbability (DL)67 • default configuration for all parameters except Cell Edge Probability 2098 2468 2984 3788 4012 4271 4575 4941 5394 5979 6786 8029 8992 10468 13345 22014 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 75 80 85 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 98.5 99 99.5 100 Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirementsNeeded Sites Cell Edge Probability (%)
- 68. Testing: Cell EdgeProbability (UL)68 • default configuration for all parameters except Cell Edge Probability 1563 1839 2222 2821 2988 3181 3408 3680 4017 4453 5054 5980 6697 7796 9938 16395 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 75 80 85 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 98.5 99 99.5 100 Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements Cell Edge Probability (%) Needed Sites
- 69. Testing: Hard HandoverGain (dB)69 • default configuration for all parameters except Hard Handover Gain 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements Hard Handover Gain (dB) Needed Sites
- 70. 70 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 0 1 23 4 5 6 Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements Needed Sites Beamforming Gain (dB)
- 71. 71 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Needed Sites tomeet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements Round Robin Proportional Fairness Needed Sites Impact of Frequency Domain Packet Scheduling Algorithm
- 72. 72 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 0 1 23 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Impact of UE height on DL Coverage Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites UE Height (m)
- 73. 73 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 0 1 23 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Impact of UE height on UL Coverage Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements Needed Sites UE Height (m)
- 74. 74 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 30 35 4045 50 55 60 Impact of eNodeB height on UL Coverage Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements Needed Sites eNodeB Height (m)
- 75. 75 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 2700 2900 3100 3300 3500 30 35 4045 50 55 60 Impact of eNodeB height on DL Coverage Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites eNodeB Height (m)
- 76. 76 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 Omni Bi Sector3 Sector 6 sectors Impact of Cell Type on DL Coverage Needed Sites to meet DL coverage requirements Needed Sites
- 77. 77 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Omni Bi Sector3 Sector 6 sectors Impact of Cell Type on UL Coverage Needed Sites to meet UL coverage requirements Needed Sites
- 78. 78 109 12 285 29 8 5 170 853 36 3031 4538 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 VoIPVideo Phone Video Conference Real Time Gaming Streaming Media IMS Signaling Web browsing File Transfer eMail P2P File Sharing Total Needed Sites to meet UL Capcity requirements Needed Sites Impact of Provided UL Services Service
- 79. 79 77 8 201161 763 3 482 3211 41 6421 11368 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 VoIP Video Phone Video Conference Real Time Gaming Streaming Media IMS Signaling Web browsing File Transfer eMail P2P File Sharing Total Needed Sites to meet DL Capacity requirements Needed Sites Impact of Provided DL Services Service
- 80. 80 4500 4600 4700 4800 4900 5000 0 1 23 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 NeededSites UL Services BLER % Impact of planned BLER on UL Capacity Needed Sites to meet UL Capcity…
- 81. 81 11000 11500 12000 12500 13000 0 1 23 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 NeededSites DL Services BLER % Impact of planned BLER on DL Capacity Needed Sites to meet DL Capacity requirements
- 82.