The document discusses the process of needs analysis and curriculum development for language programs. It explains that needs analysis considers learner needs and informs the setting of program objectives and methodology choices. Objectives can be expressed in different ways and provide a framework for classroom activities. Principles for syllabus design include considering how language is learned, acquired, and used. Curriculum should allow flexibility and negotiation between teachers and learners. Learning depends on teacher-learner interaction, teaching approaches, and ongoing teacher training and development. Evaluation of the curriculum should involve all participants and determine if goals were met.

2.  It’s the starting point for the development of a language
program which takes into account learner and learning
needs.
 Orientations:
 -Product oriented view of needs (lang. for specific future
purposes carried out by experts)
 _Process oriented view of needs (learner motivation and
learning styles, learner defined target language
behaviour.
 The result of the N.A are applied in the development of
programme objectives & choosing appropriate
methodology.

3.  The content and procedures will be
expressed in the form of goals and
learning objectives.
 In language teaching there are different
ways of expressing objectives:
 -performance (teacher-learner negotiation)
 -Process related (learners strategies)
 -instructional (methodology used to help Ss)
 Objectives provide a guide and framework for what
goes on in the classroom

4.  Yalden presents 3 principles for a lang.
syllabus design:
 A view of how lang. is learned (structure based
syllabus.
 -How lang. is acquired ( process based s.)
 -How lang. Is used( function based s.)
 Examples ….Read (table pg 76) …give opinion

5.  -Allow the syllabus designer freedom to
respond to changing or newly perceived
needs in the learners.
 -Allow for choice in how to implement the
syllabus.
 -Create space for learner-teacher
negotiation in “real life” communication in
the classroom.
 Disscuss……Dis/Agree?

6.  Learning depends on the interaction between the
teacher and the learners in the
classroom, teaching
approaches, activities, materials procedures
employed by the teacher.
 Teacher training and development is necessary
and ongoing process.
 Teachers must be reflective, analytic , creative and
open to new methods and ideas.
 Teachers experiences contribute to the process of
curriculum renewal.
 Discuss….opinion

7.  Must take place at all stages of curriculum
planning and implementation and involve
all participants.
 Purpose:
 Determine whether the curriculum goals
have been met (based on the assessment of
participants).
Determine effectiveness of the curriculum
and evaluate the language programme
itself (focusing on the teachers, the
methodology, the materials.)