Differences on different matters were developed between President Mr. Farooq Ahmed Leghari and Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. Although, Benazir Bhutto's second term was more confident and better but even this time, his government did not last long. This time, Sardar Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari, the self-elected president of the Pakistan People's Party, made several allegations and using Article 58-2B of the Constitution overthrew the government of Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto on November 5,1996, dissolved the National and Provincial Assemblies and announced new elections

1. Long Question/Answers Class 10th PAK.STUDIES
Q: How did implementation of General Election88 in Pakistan.
Ans: The End Of Zia Governmentand General Election
General Zia-ul-Haq along with his companions died in a plane crash on
August17, 1988 on their way back from Bahawalpur.
Thus, the General Zia-ul-Haq 11 years rule ended. Senate Chairman Ghulam
Ishaq Khan immediately took over as President and resolved the leadership crisis
in the country. President Ghulam Ishaq Khan held party-based elections in 1988.
A large number of political parties, including the Pakistan people's party,
participated in the elections. In the elections, the PPP led by Mohtarma Benazir
Bhutto won in the center, Sindh Province and NWFP (Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa).
Thus, the PPP government was formed in the center and in the two provinces.
Benazir Bhutto was sworn in as the first female Prime Minister of the Islamic
world on 2 December 1988. The Islamic Democratic Union formed the
government in Punjab. The formation of the government of Mohtarma Benazir
Bhutto was termed as the restoration of the people's government in the true sense
of the word.
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Q: Write a brief note on political career of Benazir Bhutto.
Ans: BENAZIR BHUTTO POLITICAL CAREER(1988-2007)
Benazir Bhutto, (born June 21, 1953, Karachi, Pak.—died Dec. 27, 2007,
Rawalpindi), Pakistani politician, the first woman leader of a Muslim nation in
modern history. After receiving an education at Harvard and Oxford, she led the
political opposition to Pres. Zia-ul-Haq after the execution of her father, Zulfikar
Ali Bhutto, in 1979. She subsequently endured frequent house arrest (1979–84)
and was exiled (1984–86). When Zia died in a plane crash in 1988, she became
prime minister of a coalition government. She was unable to do much to combat
Pakistan’s widespread poverty, governmental corruption, and increasing crime,
and her government was dismissed in 1990 on charges of corruption and other
malfeasance. A second stint as prime minister (1993–96) ended similarly. In 1999
she was convicted of taking kickbacks from a Swiss company and sentenced in

2. absentia to five years in prison. In October 2007 Bhutto was granted a long-
sought amnesty and returned to Pakistan. In December she was killed while
campaigning for upcoming election.
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Q: Write down a comprehensive note on Administrative Reforms of Benazir’s
Govt1988-90.
1. The dissolution of the Baluchistan Assembly (Administrative
Reforms)
The Chief Minister of Baluchistan, Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali, had just
not gained the vote of confidence from the Baluchistan Assembly in 1988
that the Benazir Bhutto government dismissed it. The Baluchistan High
Court took up the case, declared it as unconstitutional and restored the
house.
2. Presidential elections (Administrative Reforms)
Ghulam Ishaq Khan won the presidential elections against Nawab Zada
Nasrullah Khan in Dec 1988 and took the oath for the office.
3. Pakistan rejoins Commonwealth (Administrative Reforms)
After separation from the Commonwealth in 1972, Pakistan rejoined it in
1989.
4. Foreign Policy (Administrative Reforms)
The Govt. of Benazir Bhutto adopted a ‘No-confrontation policy’ with India.
When Rajiv Gandhi visited Pakistan to participate in the fourth SAARC
Conference, Benazir Bhutto joined hands for establishing good relations with
him.
Benazir Bhutto was a gracious host when Rajiv Gandhi, her Indian counterpart,
came visiting. The two at the time had tragic family histories behind them and,
unbeknown to them, future gruesome and fatal tragedies awaiting them.
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Q: Who came to take care the government of Benazir Bhutto's First Term 1988-
90.
After the dismissal of Benazir Bhutto's first government, caretaker governments
were formed in the country and elections were held in 1990. Ghulam Mustafa
Jatoi was a Pakistani politician who served as the Caretaker Prime Minister of
Pakistan for three months, from 6 August 1990 to 6 November 1990.
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3. Long Question/Answers Class 10th PAK.STUDIES
Q: Sumup a Nawaz Sharif Era 90-93 in a paragraph.
In these elections (90), Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif of the Islami Jamhoori
Etihad (IJI) was elected Prime Minister, despite various measures taken by
Nawaz Sharif government, he could not complete its term. The political situation
in Karachi and interior Sindh was deteriorated. Relations between Prime Minister
Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif and President Ghulam Ishaq Khan became also
strained, with the result that President Ghulam Ishaq Khan dismissed the
government of Muhammad Nawaz Sharif on April 18, 1993, using Article 58-2B
of the Constitution and dissolved the government.
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Q: Pen down a comprehensive note on Benazir Bhutto's second term 1993-96.
BENAZIR BHUTTO'S SECOND TERM 1993-96
In the 1993 general election, the Pakistan People's Party won a majority. The
Pakistan People's Party, along with other allies, formed governments in the
center, Sindh, Punjab and NWFP (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). The government of
Benazir Bhutto was more confident and stable this time. Benazir Bhutto occupied
a unique place in the political history of Pakistan.
BENAZIR BHUTTO’S SECOND GOVERNMENT ERA
(OCT. 1993 TO NOV. 1996)
Benazir Bhutto was elected Prime Minister of Pakistan for the second time in
October 1993.
The following are the important events of the second term.
Administrative Reforms
Presidential elections were held in 1993, in which Pakistan People's Party leader
Sardar Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari was elected President. Thus, both the Prime
Minister and the President belonged to the same political party. Steps were taken
to establish good relations with other countries.

4. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government (Administrative Reforms)
The government of the Chief Minister, Pir Sabir Shah of the Muslim League and
the Assembly were dissolved in 1994 in
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Aftab Ahmad Sherpao of the People’s Party was
elected as Chief Minister.
Industrial Reforms
Many concessions were announced for setting up industries in the country, but
heavy taxes were imposed on the people. Thus,
the country remained a victim of industrial and economic crisis.
Development Programmes
During Benazir Bhutto’s second term, construction of Karachi Flyover Bridge
and Lahore Bypass was started.
Plans for farmers and women Agricultural Reforms
In the second term of Benazir Bhutto's government, Kisan Bank was set up to
provide loans to farmers and tractors were provided to farmers through Public
Tractor Scheme. Agricultural Development Bank and other commercial banks
also issued agricultural loans. Farmers were able to buy seeds, fertilizers, and
pesticides with these loans. Social and health policies were framed for women.
Women police stations and courts were set up for providing legal facilities to this
class.
Foreign visits and the Kashmir issue
P.M. Benazir Bhutto made successful visits to Iran and Turkey. She gained moral
support of these countries on the Kashmir issue. Many agreements of cooperation
in different fields were signed.

5. Educational Reforms
Primary Education and Women (girls) Education were area of attention during
this period. Steps were taken for the benefit of teachers. Government made an
effort to increase facilities in educational institutions.
Economic Reforms (8th 5 -Year Plan)
The government launched eighth Development Plan. It aimed at accelerating
economic growth rate in the country. The
government announced a new energy policy in 1994 to overcome energy
shortage and load shedding issues. A large number of gas connections were
provided to large number of people. Pakistan steel mills became a profitable
organization. Port Qasim in Karachi was extended.
Constitutional Reforms
In Benazir Bhutto's second term, no significant constitutional reforms took place.
Social Reforms
People’s Works Programme was launched with the objective of social uplift and
improvement in standard of living. Special targets were set for the welfare of
women. Women Police stations and First Women Bank were established.
Health Reforms
Public Health Scheme was introduced in this period. Under this scheme Lady
Health Workers were recruited. They were given the task to visit the women at
their homes and give them information on health-related issues. Under the social
security scheme, many dispensaries were set up in the country. Polio eradication
campaign was started in this term.
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6. Long Question/Answers Class 10th PAK.STUDIES.
Q:What was the reason behind the dismissal of the Benazir
Bhutto government?
The dismissal of the Benazir Bhutto government
Differences on different matters were developed between President Mr.
Farooq Ahmed Leghari and Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto.
Although, Benazir Bhutto's second term was more confident and better
but even this time, his government did not last long.
This time, Sardar Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari, the self-elected
president of the Pakistan People's Party, made several allegations and
using Article 58-2B of the Constitution overthrew the government of
Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto on November 5,1996, dissolved the National
and Provincial Assemblies, and announced new elections.
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