This document provides a summary of life living in an apartment building in Mandaluyong, Philippines. It describes the cramped living conditions, thin walls that allowed sounds to carry between apartments, and various noises from neighbors including singing, television programs, bodily functions, animals, and domestic disputes. It also describes interactions with the landlord who was strict about rules and inspected the apartment frequently to check for damages.
The document discusses Jacques Derrida and his theory of deconstruction. Some key points:
- Derrida was a French philosopher who introduced the theory of deconstruction in 1967 to challenge philosophical traditions and binary oppositions.
- Deconstruction examines contradictions within texts and aims to uncover what has been marginalized or repressed.
- It focuses on how language achieves power and how words cannot express fixed meanings, as every statement leaves out other possibilities.
This document provides a summary of 3 pages from "The Safe House" by Sandra Nicole Roldan. It describes a girl living in 1982 in an apartment that serves as a safe house for political dissidents. Many visitors come and go, bringing books, papers, and news. The girl finds the visitors imposing and doesn't understand their discussions. Over time, more visitors come as the political situation changes. Her father is eventually arrested. By 1984, the girl and her brother go to live with their grandparents as their parents are no longer able to care for them.
This document discusses emerging literature and various subtopics including:
1. Digital fiction such as hypertexts, text-adventure games, and multimedia stories that require reader interaction.
2. Doodle fiction which incorporates drawings to enhance stories.
3. Flash fiction and six-word flash fiction as very short story genres.
4. Other subtopics covered include science fiction, blogs, issues and challenges of emerging literature, and the interrelationship between contemporary, popular, and emerging literature genres.
This document provides an overview of mythology and folklore. It defines mythology as the study of myths, which are symbolic stories that convey fundamental truths of a society. Folklore includes traditional aspects of a culture's way of life and creative expressions. The document discusses different types of myths according to various scholars, including pure myths about the gods, legends/sagas, and folktales. It also outlines theories for how and why myths developed, such as using myths to explain natural phenomena (naturalism) or accompany rituals (ritualism).
Here are some guidelines for when to use literal vs communicative/dynamic translation:
- Use literal translation for legal/official documents, academic texts, where accuracy is important.
- Use communicative/dynamic translation for general texts where the focus is on naturalness in the target language/culture. The meaning should be conveyed clearly.
- For idioms, proverbs, culturally bound expressions - a literal translation may not make sense so a communicative equivalent is better.
- For informal language, conversations - a communicative translation preserves the intended tone and makes it sound natural.
- When a literal translation results in grammatically incorrect or ambiguous target text, a communicative translation is preferable.
- Dynamic
This document discusses various types and aspects of translation. It outlines Roman Jakobson's three types of translation: intralingual, interlingual, and intersemiotic. It also discusses literary vs non-literary translation, translation methods like metaphrase and paraphrase, and concepts like equivalence in translation. Types of translation are classified based on extent, level, ranks, and the document provides examples to illustrate different strategies and considerations for translation.
Symbolism in Archetypal criticism of Northrop FryeSagar Ladhva
This is my presentations of Symbolism in Archetypal criticism of Northrop Frye. Northrop Fry was a Canadian critics or theorist.Archetypal Means like: Arche “first” and typos “form”
An original model or pattern from which copies are made.
Term Psychoanalytical literary criticismParmar Milan
This document provides an overview of psychoanalytic literary criticism. It discusses how psychoanalytic literary theory emerged in the 19th century influenced by Sigmund Freud's tradition of psychoanalysis. It describes three common practices of psychoanalytic criticism including interpreting works through the author's personality, using works to understand the author's personality, and experiencing the author's subjective consciousness. The document also examines Freud's role in developing dynamic psychology and applying psychoanalytic concepts like the Oedipus complex to analyze literary works. It outlines key concepts in psychoanalytic criticism including analyzing characters as case studies and the author's psyche through their works.
The document discusses Jacques Derrida and his theory of deconstruction. Some key points:
- Derrida was a French philosopher who introduced the theory of deconstruction in 1967 to challenge philosophical traditions and binary oppositions.
- Deconstruction examines contradictions within texts and aims to uncover what has been marginalized or repressed.
- It focuses on how language achieves power and how words cannot express fixed meanings, as every statement leaves out other possibilities.
This document provides a summary of 3 pages from "The Safe House" by Sandra Nicole Roldan. It describes a girl living in 1982 in an apartment that serves as a safe house for political dissidents. Many visitors come and go, bringing books, papers, and news. The girl finds the visitors imposing and doesn't understand their discussions. Over time, more visitors come as the political situation changes. Her father is eventually arrested. By 1984, the girl and her brother go to live with their grandparents as their parents are no longer able to care for them.
This document discusses emerging literature and various subtopics including:
1. Digital fiction such as hypertexts, text-adventure games, and multimedia stories that require reader interaction.
2. Doodle fiction which incorporates drawings to enhance stories.
3. Flash fiction and six-word flash fiction as very short story genres.
4. Other subtopics covered include science fiction, blogs, issues and challenges of emerging literature, and the interrelationship between contemporary, popular, and emerging literature genres.
This document provides an overview of mythology and folklore. It defines mythology as the study of myths, which are symbolic stories that convey fundamental truths of a society. Folklore includes traditional aspects of a culture's way of life and creative expressions. The document discusses different types of myths according to various scholars, including pure myths about the gods, legends/sagas, and folktales. It also outlines theories for how and why myths developed, such as using myths to explain natural phenomena (naturalism) or accompany rituals (ritualism).
Here are some guidelines for when to use literal vs communicative/dynamic translation:
- Use literal translation for legal/official documents, academic texts, where accuracy is important.
- Use communicative/dynamic translation for general texts where the focus is on naturalness in the target language/culture. The meaning should be conveyed clearly.
- For idioms, proverbs, culturally bound expressions - a literal translation may not make sense so a communicative equivalent is better.
- For informal language, conversations - a communicative translation preserves the intended tone and makes it sound natural.
- When a literal translation results in grammatically incorrect or ambiguous target text, a communicative translation is preferable.
- Dynamic
This document discusses various types and aspects of translation. It outlines Roman Jakobson's three types of translation: intralingual, interlingual, and intersemiotic. It also discusses literary vs non-literary translation, translation methods like metaphrase and paraphrase, and concepts like equivalence in translation. Types of translation are classified based on extent, level, ranks, and the document provides examples to illustrate different strategies and considerations for translation.
Symbolism in Archetypal criticism of Northrop FryeSagar Ladhva
This is my presentations of Symbolism in Archetypal criticism of Northrop Frye. Northrop Fry was a Canadian critics or theorist.Archetypal Means like: Arche “first” and typos “form”
An original model or pattern from which copies are made.
Term Psychoanalytical literary criticismParmar Milan
This document provides an overview of psychoanalytic literary criticism. It discusses how psychoanalytic literary theory emerged in the 19th century influenced by Sigmund Freud's tradition of psychoanalysis. It describes three common practices of psychoanalytic criticism including interpreting works through the author's personality, using works to understand the author's personality, and experiencing the author's subjective consciousness. The document also examines Freud's role in developing dynamic psychology and applying psychoanalytic concepts like the Oedipus complex to analyze literary works. It outlines key concepts in psychoanalytic criticism including analyzing characters as case studies and the author's psyche through their works.
This document provides an introduction to literary theory and criticism. It defines key terms like "criticism", discusses what literary criticism is, and defines a literary critic. It also explains literary theory as different lenses that critics use to analyze works. The document outlines four main types of literary criticism: practical, theoretical, descriptive, and prescriptive. It also summarizes four major theories of literary criticism: mimetic, pragmatic, expressive, and objective. Finally, it discusses traditional approaches like historical/biographical and moral/philosophical criticism as well as modern approaches like formalism, psychoanalysis, feminism, and Marxism.
1. The narrator describes his morning routine of getting bread from the local baker for his grandmother using the 15 centavos she leaves for him. He watches the bakers work and wonders about the bread they make.
2. The narrator has dreams of becoming a musician. He practices the violin diligently and improves, joining the school orchestra. He is asked to join a band that plays local events.
3. At a Christmas party, the narrator talks to his classmate Aida who he has feelings for. He accidentally reveals details of a surprise party being planned for her cousins, worrying he has ruined the surprise.
- Alfredo has been engaged to Esperanza for over 4 years but remains indecisive about setting a wedding date, which frustrates Esperanza's family.
- Alfredo meets Julia, the sister-in-law of Judge del Valle, at a neighbor's house and finds himself drawn to her. They spend time together every Sunday.
- Alfredo realizes he has developed feelings for Julia but knows he is not free to act on them since he is engaged to Esperanza. Julia tells Alfredo she is returning home to spend Holy Week with her family, ending their time together.
This document provides an overview and objectives for a course on contemporary popular literature. It discusses different types of fiction like commercial fiction and literary fiction. It outlines the course content which will cover interpreting and evaluating fiction, types and elements of fiction, and issues in contemporary literature like stories, poetry, and drama. Students will learn methods of literary analysis to analyze contemporary works and discuss their relevance to teaching. The course aims to help students understand contemporary literature and genres and their development over time.
This document discusses different views about the origin and nature of language. It covers the following key perspectives:
- Divine Source view that language originated from God as described in Genesis.
- Natural Evolution Hypothesis view that language evolved naturally over time through human interaction and development.
- Structuralist view that language can be described and analyzed as an observable system of systems with systematic ordering.
- Cognitivist view that language is an innate, creative, and mental ability that all children acquire in learning their first language.
- Functionalists view language as a dynamic social system for exchanging information between members of a speech community.
- Interactionists view language as a tool for establishing
Philippine Literature (Short Story) - 'The Bread of Salt'Andrea May Malonzo
This summary provides the key details from the short story "The Bread of Salt" by NVM Gonzalez:
The narrator is a 14-year-old boy living with his grandmother in 1958. Each morning he would walk to the bakery with 15 centavos to buy rolls for breakfast, watching the bakers work. He dreamed of the Spanish man's large house near the sea and had feelings for his classmate Aida. He practiced the violin diligently, hoping to earn money to buy a gift for Aida before she left town for Christmas. The story depicts the narrator's youthful longing for love and his dedication to improving himself through music.
Subject: English 18
Translation and Editing Text
Topic: Techniques in Translation
Techniques in Translation
1. Computer assisted
2. Machine translation
3. Subtitling
4. editing/Post editing
1. COMPUTER-ASSISTED
Computer-assisted translations also called 'computer-aided translation or machine-aided human translation. It is a form of translation wherein human translator creates a target text with the assistance of a computer program. The machine supports a human translator.
What is Computer Aided Translation?
Computer aided translation (also called computer assisted translation) is a system in which a human translator uses a computer in the translation process.
Humans and computers each have their strengths and weaknesses. The idea of computer aided translation (CAT) software is to make the most of the strengths of people and computers.
Translation performed solely by computers ("machine translation") has very poor quality. Meanwhile, no human can translate as fast as a computer can. By using a CAT tool, however, you can gain some of the speed, consistency, and memory benefits of the computer, without sacrificing the high quality of human translation.
Translation Skills: Theory and practice
The theoretical base should include general information regarding the translator's workshop and the issues one should be familiar with.
*Internet
It is worth discussing is the role of the internet as a source of information. It is important to use the translations which have been on the market for some time and are recognized by other people. This is where the internet becomes very useful for it allows us to search forgiven information (google.com, yahoo.com, altavista.com, etc.), use online dictionaries and corpora, or compare different language versions of the same site (Wikipedia the Free Encyclopedia and the ability to switch from different languages defining a given notion-www.wikipedia.org). Google itself is a powerful tool since it allows us not only to search for information on webpages but also it indexes*.doc and *pdf files stored on servers, allowing us to browse through their contents in search for a context.
*Software
A successful translator needs to know how to handle various computer applications in his/her work. That's why basic software used to compress and decompress files should be mentioned (WinZip, WinRAR). PDF and multimedia files readers (images, audio). Last, the use of different word processors, are usually the first application that leads people using a computer for their work. This comprises of spell checking, standard layouts, ability to have some characters appear in bold print, italics, or underlined. We can save documents, so it can be used again, and we can print the documents.
It is important to mention CAT tool, how the
The document defines key elements of poetry structure: stanzas as groups of lines, rhyme as similar sounding words in a pattern, meter as the rhythmic structure felt through syllable tapping, and line breaks causing reader pauses between lines. It provides examples of how these structural elements are used in and affect the reading of a poem.
The story follows an old woman named Dona Agueda and her daughter on May Day Eve as they look into a mirror, believing an old superstition that it will reveal their future husbands. Dona Agueda sees Don Badoy Montiya in the mirror and decides to marry him, but the marriage is unhappy. The theme explores the intense remorse that can come from making wrong decisions based on superstitious beliefs rather than true feelings.
Roman Osipovich Jakobson was a highly influential 20th century Russian linguist. He helped pioneer structural analysis of language, poetry, and art. Jakobson was a founding member of the Moscow Linguistic Circle, which influenced the development of Russian Formalism in literary criticism. He later moved to Prague and helped form the Prague Linguistic Circle, contributing to the emergence of structuralism. Jakobson made enduring contributions to communication theory through his analysis of language functions.
Fundamentals of Literature
Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel (bellachew@gmail.com)
Jimma University
CSSH
Department of English Language and Literature
1.1 Definition of Literature
One of the most fundamental questions asked in Philosophy of Language is "What is language (in general terms)?"
According to semiotics (the study of sign processes in communication, and of how meaning is constructed and understood), language is the mere manipulation and use of symbols in order to draw attention to signified content, in which case humans would not be the sole possessors of language skills.
This document discusses oral skills, literacy skills, and receptive and productive skills as macro skills that contribute to communicative competence. It defines communicative competence as the ability to function in a communicative setting, not just linguistic forms, and notes it was coined by Dell Hymes. The document outlines Hymes' view that competence involves appropriate language use based on social context. It also describes 5 components of communicative competence: linguistic, sociolinguistic, cultural, discourse, and strategic competence. Finally, it presents the SPEAKING model for analyzing communicative acts based on setting, participants, ends, act sequence, key, instrumentalities, and norms.
The short story "Harvest" by Loreto Paras-Sulit is about two brothers, Fabian and Vidal, who work in the fields. Fabian is envious of Vidal's handsomeness. He manipulates Vidal's life by telling a woman named Miss Francia that Vidal will have a child with another woman to prevent Vidal from working for Miss Francia. The story explores Fabian's envy and how it affects his relationship with his brother.
The FOUR(4) Macro Skills
REMEDIAL INSTRUCTION (ELT – 325) – Third Year Students – Module 1: The Four (4) Macro Skills: Reading, Speaking, Writing, Listening; 2021
MEMBERS:
BATIAO, REYMOND
ESCOTO, CHRISTIAN
SINAMPAGA, DIANA GRACE
This document discusses assessing grammar. It provides definitions of grammar and explains that assessing grammar is important for determining student proficiency, identifying strengths and weaknesses, and giving feedback. There are different types of grammar assessment formats, including recognition, production, editing, and transformation. The reasons for assessment include diagnosing student abilities and tracking progress. Formative assessment is ongoing, while summative assessment occurs at the end of learning. Authentic assessment and avoiding grammatical terms in instructions are also discussed.
This document discusses concepts of equivalence and similarity in translation. It begins by defining equivalence and similarity, noting that similarity is not necessarily symmetrical, reversible, or transitive. It then examines approaches to equivalence in translation theory, including the equative view, taxonomic view, and relativist view which rejects equivalence as an identity assumption. Models of equivalence proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet, Jakobson, and Nida are outlined, noting tensions between formal correspondence and dynamic equivalence. The document emphasizes that equivalence is a complex concept that depends on context and perspective.
Zeus sends Hermes to Earth in disguise as an old beggar, along with Zeus also disguised, to see how humans have changed and if they still worship the gods. They encounter hostility from most people until an old couple, Baucis and Philemon, take them in for the night and treat them with kindness and hospitality despite having very little.
The document is an excerpt from the novel Gone Girl, describing the thoughts of Nick Dunne on the morning of his 5-year wedding anniversary with his wife Amy. He reflects on their marriage and move back to his hometown, realizing he did not consider how unhappy it would make Amy. Downstairs, he hears Amy cooking and humming the theme song to M*A*S*H, "Suicide is Painless", hinting at trouble in their relationship.
Have you thought about the unpredictability of life? How it can all change in an instant? Black Love Diary is a short fiction on how fragile our existence is and the pains that come with losing a loved one.
This document provides an introduction to literary theory and criticism. It defines key terms like "criticism", discusses what literary criticism is, and defines a literary critic. It also explains literary theory as different lenses that critics use to analyze works. The document outlines four main types of literary criticism: practical, theoretical, descriptive, and prescriptive. It also summarizes four major theories of literary criticism: mimetic, pragmatic, expressive, and objective. Finally, it discusses traditional approaches like historical/biographical and moral/philosophical criticism as well as modern approaches like formalism, psychoanalysis, feminism, and Marxism.
1. The narrator describes his morning routine of getting bread from the local baker for his grandmother using the 15 centavos she leaves for him. He watches the bakers work and wonders about the bread they make.
2. The narrator has dreams of becoming a musician. He practices the violin diligently and improves, joining the school orchestra. He is asked to join a band that plays local events.
3. At a Christmas party, the narrator talks to his classmate Aida who he has feelings for. He accidentally reveals details of a surprise party being planned for her cousins, worrying he has ruined the surprise.
- Alfredo has been engaged to Esperanza for over 4 years but remains indecisive about setting a wedding date, which frustrates Esperanza's family.
- Alfredo meets Julia, the sister-in-law of Judge del Valle, at a neighbor's house and finds himself drawn to her. They spend time together every Sunday.
- Alfredo realizes he has developed feelings for Julia but knows he is not free to act on them since he is engaged to Esperanza. Julia tells Alfredo she is returning home to spend Holy Week with her family, ending their time together.
This document provides an overview and objectives for a course on contemporary popular literature. It discusses different types of fiction like commercial fiction and literary fiction. It outlines the course content which will cover interpreting and evaluating fiction, types and elements of fiction, and issues in contemporary literature like stories, poetry, and drama. Students will learn methods of literary analysis to analyze contemporary works and discuss their relevance to teaching. The course aims to help students understand contemporary literature and genres and their development over time.
This document discusses different views about the origin and nature of language. It covers the following key perspectives:
- Divine Source view that language originated from God as described in Genesis.
- Natural Evolution Hypothesis view that language evolved naturally over time through human interaction and development.
- Structuralist view that language can be described and analyzed as an observable system of systems with systematic ordering.
- Cognitivist view that language is an innate, creative, and mental ability that all children acquire in learning their first language.
- Functionalists view language as a dynamic social system for exchanging information between members of a speech community.
- Interactionists view language as a tool for establishing
Philippine Literature (Short Story) - 'The Bread of Salt'Andrea May Malonzo
This summary provides the key details from the short story "The Bread of Salt" by NVM Gonzalez:
The narrator is a 14-year-old boy living with his grandmother in 1958. Each morning he would walk to the bakery with 15 centavos to buy rolls for breakfast, watching the bakers work. He dreamed of the Spanish man's large house near the sea and had feelings for his classmate Aida. He practiced the violin diligently, hoping to earn money to buy a gift for Aida before she left town for Christmas. The story depicts the narrator's youthful longing for love and his dedication to improving himself through music.
Subject: English 18
Translation and Editing Text
Topic: Techniques in Translation
Techniques in Translation
1. Computer assisted
2. Machine translation
3. Subtitling
4. editing/Post editing
1. COMPUTER-ASSISTED
Computer-assisted translations also called 'computer-aided translation or machine-aided human translation. It is a form of translation wherein human translator creates a target text with the assistance of a computer program. The machine supports a human translator.
What is Computer Aided Translation?
Computer aided translation (also called computer assisted translation) is a system in which a human translator uses a computer in the translation process.
Humans and computers each have their strengths and weaknesses. The idea of computer aided translation (CAT) software is to make the most of the strengths of people and computers.
Translation performed solely by computers ("machine translation") has very poor quality. Meanwhile, no human can translate as fast as a computer can. By using a CAT tool, however, you can gain some of the speed, consistency, and memory benefits of the computer, without sacrificing the high quality of human translation.
Translation Skills: Theory and practice
The theoretical base should include general information regarding the translator's workshop and the issues one should be familiar with.
*Internet
It is worth discussing is the role of the internet as a source of information. It is important to use the translations which have been on the market for some time and are recognized by other people. This is where the internet becomes very useful for it allows us to search forgiven information (google.com, yahoo.com, altavista.com, etc.), use online dictionaries and corpora, or compare different language versions of the same site (Wikipedia the Free Encyclopedia and the ability to switch from different languages defining a given notion-www.wikipedia.org). Google itself is a powerful tool since it allows us not only to search for information on webpages but also it indexes*.doc and *pdf files stored on servers, allowing us to browse through their contents in search for a context.
*Software
A successful translator needs to know how to handle various computer applications in his/her work. That's why basic software used to compress and decompress files should be mentioned (WinZip, WinRAR). PDF and multimedia files readers (images, audio). Last, the use of different word processors, are usually the first application that leads people using a computer for their work. This comprises of spell checking, standard layouts, ability to have some characters appear in bold print, italics, or underlined. We can save documents, so it can be used again, and we can print the documents.
It is important to mention CAT tool, how the
The document defines key elements of poetry structure: stanzas as groups of lines, rhyme as similar sounding words in a pattern, meter as the rhythmic structure felt through syllable tapping, and line breaks causing reader pauses between lines. It provides examples of how these structural elements are used in and affect the reading of a poem.
The story follows an old woman named Dona Agueda and her daughter on May Day Eve as they look into a mirror, believing an old superstition that it will reveal their future husbands. Dona Agueda sees Don Badoy Montiya in the mirror and decides to marry him, but the marriage is unhappy. The theme explores the intense remorse that can come from making wrong decisions based on superstitious beliefs rather than true feelings.
Roman Osipovich Jakobson was a highly influential 20th century Russian linguist. He helped pioneer structural analysis of language, poetry, and art. Jakobson was a founding member of the Moscow Linguistic Circle, which influenced the development of Russian Formalism in literary criticism. He later moved to Prague and helped form the Prague Linguistic Circle, contributing to the emergence of structuralism. Jakobson made enduring contributions to communication theory through his analysis of language functions.
Fundamentals of Literature
Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel (bellachew@gmail.com)
Jimma University
CSSH
Department of English Language and Literature
1.1 Definition of Literature
One of the most fundamental questions asked in Philosophy of Language is "What is language (in general terms)?"
According to semiotics (the study of sign processes in communication, and of how meaning is constructed and understood), language is the mere manipulation and use of symbols in order to draw attention to signified content, in which case humans would not be the sole possessors of language skills.
This document discusses oral skills, literacy skills, and receptive and productive skills as macro skills that contribute to communicative competence. It defines communicative competence as the ability to function in a communicative setting, not just linguistic forms, and notes it was coined by Dell Hymes. The document outlines Hymes' view that competence involves appropriate language use based on social context. It also describes 5 components of communicative competence: linguistic, sociolinguistic, cultural, discourse, and strategic competence. Finally, it presents the SPEAKING model for analyzing communicative acts based on setting, participants, ends, act sequence, key, instrumentalities, and norms.
The short story "Harvest" by Loreto Paras-Sulit is about two brothers, Fabian and Vidal, who work in the fields. Fabian is envious of Vidal's handsomeness. He manipulates Vidal's life by telling a woman named Miss Francia that Vidal will have a child with another woman to prevent Vidal from working for Miss Francia. The story explores Fabian's envy and how it affects his relationship with his brother.
The FOUR(4) Macro Skills
REMEDIAL INSTRUCTION (ELT – 325) – Third Year Students – Module 1: The Four (4) Macro Skills: Reading, Speaking, Writing, Listening; 2021
MEMBERS:
BATIAO, REYMOND
ESCOTO, CHRISTIAN
SINAMPAGA, DIANA GRACE
This document discusses assessing grammar. It provides definitions of grammar and explains that assessing grammar is important for determining student proficiency, identifying strengths and weaknesses, and giving feedback. There are different types of grammar assessment formats, including recognition, production, editing, and transformation. The reasons for assessment include diagnosing student abilities and tracking progress. Formative assessment is ongoing, while summative assessment occurs at the end of learning. Authentic assessment and avoiding grammatical terms in instructions are also discussed.
This document discusses concepts of equivalence and similarity in translation. It begins by defining equivalence and similarity, noting that similarity is not necessarily symmetrical, reversible, or transitive. It then examines approaches to equivalence in translation theory, including the equative view, taxonomic view, and relativist view which rejects equivalence as an identity assumption. Models of equivalence proposed by Vinay and Darbelnet, Jakobson, and Nida are outlined, noting tensions between formal correspondence and dynamic equivalence. The document emphasizes that equivalence is a complex concept that depends on context and perspective.
Zeus sends Hermes to Earth in disguise as an old beggar, along with Zeus also disguised, to see how humans have changed and if they still worship the gods. They encounter hostility from most people until an old couple, Baucis and Philemon, take them in for the night and treat them with kindness and hospitality despite having very little.
The document is an excerpt from the novel Gone Girl, describing the thoughts of Nick Dunne on the morning of his 5-year wedding anniversary with his wife Amy. He reflects on their marriage and move back to his hometown, realizing he did not consider how unhappy it would make Amy. Downstairs, he hears Amy cooking and humming the theme song to M*A*S*H, "Suicide is Painless", hinting at trouble in their relationship.
Have you thought about the unpredictability of life? How it can all change in an instant? Black Love Diary is a short fiction on how fragile our existence is and the pains that come with losing a loved one.
it is based on the novel named canterville ghost.it is a thriller story based on a ghost . ghost is present in the villa
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Ward No. 6 Anton Chekhov
Chekhov's famous short story set in a Russian provincial mental hospital
Best Audiobooks Anton chekhov Ward n° 6
تحميل كتاب سمعي رواية عنبر رقم 6 باللغة الفرنسية و الانجليزية و كتب أخرى
http://dz-ebooks.blogspot.com/2014/12/ward-n-6-6.html
MAXINE HONG KINGSTONTHE WOMAN WARRIORMaxine HongAbramMartino96
MAXINE HONG KINGSTON
THE WOMAN WARRIOR
Maxine Hong Kingston is Senior Lecturer for Creative Writing at the
University of California, Berkeley. For her memoirs and fiction, The
Fifth Book of Peace, The Woman Warrior, China Men, Tripmaster
Monkey, and Hawai’i One Summer, Kingston has earned numerous
awards, among them the National Book Award, the National Book
Critics Circle Award for Nonfiction, the PEN West Award for Fiction,
an American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters Literature
Award, and a National Humanities Medal from the National
Endowment for the Humanities, as well as the rare title of “Living
Treasure of Hawai’i.”
2
ALSO BY MAXINE HONG KINGSTON
China Men
Tripmaster Monkey
Hawai’i One Summer
The Fifth Book of Peace
3
4
To Mother and Father
5
Contents
No Name Woman
White Tigers
Shaman
At the Western Palace
A Song for a Barbarian Reed Pipe
6
No
Name
Woman
7
“You must not tell anyone,” my mother said, “what I am about to tell you.
In China your father had a sister who killed herself. She jumped into the
family well. We say that your father has all brothers because it is as if she
had never been born.
“In 1924 just a few days after our village celebrated seventeen hurry-up
weddings—to make sure that every young man who went ‘out on the road’
would responsibly come home—your father and his brothers and your
grandfather and his brothers and your aunt’s new husband sailed for
America, the Gold Mountain. It was your grandfather’s last trip. Those
lucky enough to get contracts waved goodbye from the decks. They fed and
guarded the stowaways and helped them off in Cuba, New York, Bali,
Hawaii. ‘We’ll meet in California next year,’ they said. All of them sent
money home.
“I remember looking at your aunt one day when she and I were dressing; I
had not noticed before that she had such a protruding melon of a stomach.
But I did not think, ‘She’s pregnant,’ until she began to look like other
pregnant women, her shirt pulling and the white tops of her black pants
showing. She could not have been pregnant, you see, because her husband
had been gone for years. No one said anything. We did not discuss it. In
early summer she was ready to have the child, long after the time when it
could have been possible.
“The village had also been counting. On the night the baby was to be born
the villagers raided our house. Some were crying. Like a great saw, teeth
strung with lights, files of people walked zigzag across our land, tearing the
rice. Their lanterns doubled in the disturbed black water, which drained
away through the broken bunds. As the villagers closed in, we could see that
some of them, probably men and women we knew well, wore white masks.
The people with long hair hung it over their faces. Women with short hair
made it stand up on end. Some had tied white bands around their foreheads,
arms, and legs.
“At first they threw mud and rocks at the house. Then they threw eggs and
began slaughtering our stock. ...
1) The narrator is left an old family farmhouse by his recently deceased mother. The house is in disrepair, filled with trash and needing many repairs.
2) While inspecting the house, the narrator discovers a strange, perfectly round hole in the wall of the bedroom he slept in. The hole appears to have been cut intentionally, but the narrator cannot think of any explanation for it.
3) That night, the narrator has disturbing dreams about the house shifting forms and a strange, robotic figure appearing in the hallway by his room. He wakes feeling unsettled by his dreams and the unexplained hole in the wall.
This summary provides an overview of the document in 3 sentences:
Mr. Utterson, a lawyer, is told a strange story by his acquaintance Mr. Enfield about encountering a man named Mr. Hyde trampling on a young girl. Utterson is disturbed to learn that Dr. Jekyll has made Hyde the sole beneficiary in his will. The document raises troubling questions for Utterson about Hyde and Jekyll, so he decides to visit his friend, the doctor Lanyon, to inquire further.
Anna MeineThe BackseatFollowing an extended period of bounc.docxrossskuddershamus
Anna Meine
The Backseat
Following an extended period of bouncing from job to job, my dad chose to start a company with one of his old friends in Montana. Although our family had relocated quite a few times before and I was used to moving, we had always stayed in the Seattle area. It was all I knew, it was my home. And now, at eleven years old, I was faced with the prospect of leaving altogether. Shortly after announcing his decision, Dad had left Washington and was in some place called Missoula. Our lease was ending so my mom bought a used Mazda which she said she, my older brother and I would be taking on road trip to see family in several states until Dad found a place for us to live.
When it was time to leave, I was reluctant to climb into my seat in the back of the Mazda for the first time. The upholstery was plain, grey, and rough to the touch like sandpaper, I thought. I could feel it scratching through my clothes, making me itchy, antsy. I squirmed under the seatbelt, unable to get comfortable. In preparation for the move, and living out of a car indefinitely, we had stripped our belongings down to the bare minimum, which were now piled to the ceiling of the cramped sedan. A wall of suitcases in the center of the backseat isolated my brother and I from each other. Up front, Mom was kept company by a stack of boxes in the passenger's seat and her Beatles' top hits tape in the cassette player.
We headed south through Oregon and California, stopping occasionally to visit family and friends along the way or stay the night at a cheap motel. My mom tried to keep the mood positive during the long drives. Every once in awhile she would break the raw silence by blurting out something hopeful, using words like ''expedition'' or ''adventure.'' But it fell mostly on deaf ears. I felt trapped in my blocked off section of the backseat, listening to my mom play the same Beatles tape again and again and again. I couldn't wait to get out of the car on the many pit stops that punctuated our trip.
My attitude began to change, however, as we drove through the Nevada desert on the strip of I-80 between Reno and Elko. Somewhere between replays of The Beatles' Yesterday and Let it Be, I started to adjust to the idea of living in the car, of being on the road. I began to realize my mom was right, as cheesy as it sounded, we were on an adventure. For now, I could forget my doubts about moving to city I had never even heard of before I was told we would be moving there. I rested my head against the window and allowed myself to be hypnotized by the miles of seemingly endless desert in all directions. It was hot and the air conditioner in our ''new'' car could barely cough out enough cool air to make it tolerable, but somehow I didn't mind.
However, my new found sense of freedom didn't last. A little over a month into our travels, Dad called to tell us he found a house. We immediately packed in to the Mazda one last time and headed North to our new home..
The document is a series of letters written by Thomas Gadwell. In the letters, he describes meeting and developing a romantic interest in a woman named Mary. He shares intimate details about their interactions and growing closeness. He also reflects on how meeting Mary has inspired him and made him reexamine his career and past. He seems deeply enamored with Mary and believes she possesses exceptional qualities of character, intellect and spirit.
The document is a letter from Thomas Gadwell to his friend Henry James describing a woman he has met named Mary. Thomas expresses his admiration for Mary, describing her intelligence, wit, political acumen, and skill at the pianoforte. He recounts how during a tense tea with Mary's overly inquisitive cousin, Mary discreetly intervened by covering her cousin's mouth and changing the subject, impressing Thomas with her tact and strength of character. Thomas concludes he has found Mary enchanting and is interested in her, though acknowledges as a besotted man his perspective is biased.
This document provides an introduction to a novel titled "Clip Joint" by Greg London. It describes in vivid detail a run-down gay bar called the Royal Vauxhall Tavern located in London. Two men, Gary and Dave, spend a drug-fueled Sunday night partying at the bar but Gary has a job interview the next morning. They take more drugs and have sex in the bathroom before leaving past midnight, still high. The next morning Gary oversleeps and struggles to make it to his interview on time at a prison, HMP Wormwood Scrubs, located near an isolated housing estate.
The document is a summary of the beginning of Robert Louis Stevenson's novella "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde". It describes Mr. Utterson, a lawyer, and his friend Mr. Enfield taking their weekly walk, during which Mr. Enfield tells Mr. Utterson a strange story about a man who trampled a young girl and then paid to keep the incident quiet, obtaining the money from a cellar accessed through a mysterious door. The document provides context and setup for the novella's plot.
This document is a preview of a novel titled "Odd-Jobs" by Timothy Boling. It includes a note from the author encouraging readers to share the story and visit his website. The preview then provides warnings about offensive content and mocks literary critics. It introduces the main character, his family and friend backstories. It sets up the situation where the main character finds his father's stripper tied to the bed dead after a birthday party. He must now figure out how to deal with this while also fielding a call from his girlfriend wanting to talk about their deteriorating relationship.
Voice Excepts from WRITING THROUGH THE CRISISBrooke Warner
The summary provides high-level information about the key details and events across multiple documents in 3 sentences or less:
The documents describe various musical compositions and their ability to convey emotion through different instruments and sections of the orchestra. Several passages then discuss family dynamics and relationships, including a mother's love for her son and recollection of her marriage. Additional excerpts explore themes of identity, memory, and storytelling from the perspective of different authors.
1) The narrator visits his brother Senaka, the father of Ranjit, two days before Senaka's death. Senaka has withdrawn from the world and is living alone in a run-down house, drinking heavily.
2) When they were younger, Senaka was passionate about England while the narrator was more politically active in Sri Lanka. Senaka married but became disillusioned with his life after his son Ranjit was born.
3) In their conversation on the veranda, Senaka seems paranoid and suspicious. The narrator senses Senaka has had a breakdown but Senaka insists he is fine. Their relationship had grown distant over the years.
A piano is delivered to a family's home in the late 19th century. The narrator begins hearing the piano play at night despite it being locked up. Their mother dismisses it as the cats playing on the keys. Later at a hotel, the narrator asks about a cat they had been hearing but the staff say they have no cat. The narrator develops an interest in the supernatural from a young age after watching Scooby-Doo.
The Casa Barrio house in Segundo Barrio has a history of strange occurrences. In 1980, a young boy named Rogelio fell from the second floor balcony in an inexplicable way that left him paralyzed. Years later, Rogelio, now known as Rex, has become a successful real estate agent and maintains ownership of the house. At a presentation about the history of the house, Rex announces plans to renovate Casa Barrio and eventually sell it, with the help of his assistant Rosie. The true nature of Rex's connection to the house remains mysterious.
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Introduction of the Early Period (US Colonialism) of Philippine LiteratureCharissaCalinggangan
This document summarizes Philippine literature in English from 1900 to 1930, during the early period of US colonial rule. It discusses how English was established as the medium of instruction in schools, with American teachers replacing soldiers in 1901. The first novels, short stories, poems and publications in English appeared starting in the late 1900s. While early Filipino writing in English was formal and influenced by Spanish, the quality improved over time. The document outlines the development of essays, short stories and poems during this period, noting pioneering authors in each genre.
Spanish colonization greatly changed Philippine literature in terms of content, medium, and form. Literature during this period was mostly religious in nature, written to serve the dual goals of territorial expansion and evangelization. To facilitate the evangelization process, the Spaniards taught selected Filipinos Spanish and studied local languages, introducing the Roman alphabet and later the printing press. This made literature tri-lingual and allowed it to be published. While oral traditions remained, written literature began to appear in print format. Forms like corridos and awits were influenced by European styles. As liberal ideas of independence and national identity spread later in the 19th century, literature took on a role of catalyzing awakening among Filipinos. Writ
Tyke is the daughter of a mother battling cancer who refuses to show weakness and insists that her daughters not cry about problems. As her mother's health deteriorates and her behavior becomes more erratic, throwing parties and dating younger men, Tyke struggles with her mother's refusal to acknowledge the seriousness of the situation. On Christmas, her mother is hospitalized, forcing the family to spend the holiday there. Though initially portraying herself as tough, Tyke breaks down during a fight with her sister, revealing her true sadness and vulnerability over her mother's declining health.
This document summarizes the experiences of Dora and her family. As children, Dora and her brothers were frequently beaten by their father with a leather belt. Now adults, Dora cares for her sick father in the family home, cleaning up after his accidents and attending to his needs. Her brother Ciso also helps care for their father. The document describes the difficult family dynamics and traumatic memories that still affect Dora and her relationship with her father.
1) Fr. Sanchez is a young priest and doctor assigned to a remote island. He finds the islanders more in need of his medical skills than his spiritual guidance.
2) Fr. Sanchez recalls past controversies, including criticism of his poetry that led to his transfer. He struggles with loneliness and isolation on the island.
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1) The kalesa, or horse-drawn carriage, was introduced to the Philippines by Spanish colonizers in the 16th century and became a symbol of aristocratic status and lifestyle over subsequent centuries.
2) As the Americans took control of the Philippines in the late 19th century, they began implementing an American-style transportation system, though the kalesa remained popular for private use.
3) The first automobile arrived in 1903 but kalesas were still predominant; automobiles only began gradually replacing kalesas over the next decade as they became more affordable and widespread.
This document summarizes the typical literary development of a writer from early idealism to greater social awareness and responsibility. It begins by discussing how writers initially focus on beauty, style and abstraction, but through experience of world events and societal problems, their work takes on greater depth and addresses issues of justice, truth and social reform. The document uses the example of Teodoro Kalaw to illustrate this shift from a young "columnist" focused on aesthetics to a more mature writer addressing politics and society. It warns that indifference or cynicism are dangers for writers, but sensitivity coupled with strong principles can guide them to use their skills and platform to positively influence society.
The resident physician had trouble finding interns willing to work on Christmas Eve and holidays. The narrator draws the short straw and must work on Christmas Eve. Though initially disappointed, he realizes others have it worse, like sick patients who must spend the holiday in the hospital. On Christmas Eve, he muses about his patients and work while his roommates sleep. He decides to get up and help with hospital cleaning and decorating for the holiday, though initially hesitated to do so alone.
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Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Life in an Apartment by Patricia Torres/Kerima Tuvera
1. Life in an Apartment
Patricia S. Torres
In one of those impulsive decisions that people often make when (1) they don’t get enough sleep, (2) they
don’t have enough money, and (3) they don’t get the right advice, we rented out our house last year and
scanned the classified ads for an apt for two ideal loc nr chr mkt sch & trans.
I was not the bride of twenty years ago, opening doors and peering up stairways in a dither of anticipation
--all I wanted was space enough to dump our books in and a bathroom handy for a pair of weary kidneys. I
landed on Apartment Row itself, a street Mandaluyong lined with nothing but apartments, each one planned
with an eye to squeezing out as much as space as possible from lots originally intended for bungalows.
They rose in odd heights--of two, two-and-a-half, three, even four stories (but this one included a
penthouse), and the number of doors to an apartment indicated the size of a landlord's avarice.
Going by this, therefore, mine was not an unusually greedy landlord, but he was greedy enough: four doors,
each renting at P140 (I paid an extra P10 for a tiny carport), packed into a lot the size of a longish swimming
pool.
I had forgotten how it was to rent. It was not a simple matter of handing over the first month's payment and
receiving a key to the front door. First, my landlord interviewed my husband and me in a common alley (a
distinguishing feature of all apartment houses, I was later to find out), quizzing us closely on such sundries
as jobs, income, number of children, pets, voting preferences and so on; if we gambled and/or drank, went
to nightclubs and kept rowdy friends; if we were, in short, the kind of citizens who would help him pay off
his SSS amortization. He seemed satisfied with our answers and I expected him to draw a sword and knight
us then and there, but all he did was tell us what he was like.
He didn't like big dogs; he didn't like noisy children (but we were expected to take a kindly view of his own
children's barbaric ways); and he didn't like delayed rentals. He said nothing about loud fights, and I would
find out later why.
We hadn't unloaded our furniture from the van when his wife walked in and, between wiping the sweat off
our faces and trying to make out what she wanted, we signed a contract that bound us to a three-month stay
in the cubicle. We were not to keep inflammables-a paragraph in fine print gave him the right to knock at
our door any time he pleased to check our store of lighter fluid. We were, at all times, to keep the apartment
in the condition we had found it (we found it rat-and roach-infested), and if ejected for any reason, we were
to surrender the keys without any trouble. A verbal notice of ejection meant that in fifteen minutes he would
have a For Rent sign outside the sale and would bring in prospective tenants whenever they came, whether
3 P.M. or 3 A.M. That wasn't all. He demanded a deposit equal to a month's rent, besides a month's rent in
advance. The first, he explained, was to cover such contretemps as bathroom tiles chipping, toilet cracking,
faucet screws unscrewing and glass windows breaking. The previous It of our apartment, a rather lively
grass widow who had stepped out too often and received more male callers than the landlord approved of,
had burned a kitchen shelf to a crisp. He hoped I would be different. Wives these days, he philosophized
on the side, tended to be footloose and fancy-free, but perhaps I would make an effort not to damage his
kitchen shelves?
I forgave him that crack about wives. The man was jobless, you see, with nothing to do except tend his four
apartments which did not belong to him at all but to his father-in-law
The lady of his house was deceptively slight-looking but fierce-mannered, screeching away in a many
2. decibeled voice. She tended a market stall.
Nothing in the contract protected me against the apartment and its sounds. The paper-thin walls reverberated
to the rasp of TV sets all day long, a steady drone of Bentot, Sylvia, Cachupoy, Uncle Bob, Dancetime,
Pilita, Carmen, Tia Dely, and Bat Masterson. If these had been all, I might have stood it, but the more
intimate sounds of the body processes echoed like gunshots in a canyon.
The nights seemed particularly made for such betrayals. When someone dropped his false teeth in a
cleansing solution, you could hear the telltale click of his dentures as he swished them around in a glass. A
man breaking wind in Apartment C would cause the baby in A to scream as if stabbed; the chamberpot in
D sounded like the roar of waterfalls; and the old woman's moan in B was like a death rattle.
In another apartment house close by, one family liked to demonstrate its togetherness with loud and jolly
sing-alongs, mostly Ilocano songs and some early Perry Como. The dog howled, the cat yowled, a pet bird
chirped an entire chorus all by itself, Grandfather kept time with his cane, and the demijohn of basi rolled
back and forth across the floor. On occasions like this, someone who's taking up voice culture is sure to be
around.
There's nothing different about our opera hopeful—she likes to measure the distance of her uvula to the
Met with long and anguished trills that set your bile ducts pumping.
This was across the fence, to the right.
Now, across the fence, to the left, were an old sow and her litter; augmented, before my three months were
up, by an old bitch and her litter. For the sow, the maids in the household rose at 4 A.M. and began chopping
banana stalk, standard pig fare, stirring this into a cauldron full of yesterday's table scraps. It made for a
strong odor at 4 A.M. For the bitch, which yelped and scratched in the night, the mistress roused herself
long enough to yell something ear-splitting at the animal.
One wall away lived a young bride and her groom. Both had a habit of dropping their shoes heavily on the
floor at 5 in the morning. It's just possible they slept with their shoes on—I don't know-but my husband,
who likes to recall the memories of a durable and happy marriage, often said that not all the couple's noises
were made by their shoes. When the newlyweds moved in with their belongings, each chair and cushion,
so heartachingly new, their wedding gifts still wrapped in gay paper bright like their hopes, the entire alley
sighed collectively.
She was pretty and sweet-he was tall and dashing. Probably we looked at them through our own private
memories gilded with nostalgia, but when they had trouble fitting their large bed into the small bedroom
upstairs, the male population in all four apartments consulted seriously with one another one noon in the
alley. Someone suggested a pulley, hitching up the double mattress and swinging it through an open second
floor window. Another said, had they considered removing the banister of the staircase? My husband said,
why not exchange it for two singles, at which the bride looked wide-eyed, hurt, and smitten, as if someone
had suggested divorce so early. 1 think they finally got it up, and in, because we began to hear those shoes
thumping on the floor at 5A.M., but by then I did not think the bride so sweet and pretty. She had a voice
that was flat and wet and common, especially when she complained about the way the toilet flushed, and
he was slightly bowledgged and a mite too meek: in two weeks he was cooking breakfast and putting out
the garbage while she lingered in bed, doing her toenails.
One night, past twelve, down in the tiny living room, I was finishing a book when I heard a timid rap on
my door. Apartments are so built that you can't tell if the knock is on your door or the next one's. I opened
3. our door and found no one, but at C, pretty
Mrs. Y stood clutching a thin night dress about her, her hair in curlers. Mine is a particularly dirty mind
and so I thought that she had probably sneaked out to meet someone, the landlord perhaps-wherever did he
get the guts, I wondered-or the pater familia of the sing-alongs next to us, or the master of the sow and the
bitch. Earlier that evening, the alley had heard some loud arguing going on in C, but the voices had died
away.
It had to do with money.
Utang mo! cried a man bayaran mo! defensive. Then followed Mrs. Y's voice, angry and defensive. A door
slammed, the building shook to its rafters, and afterward a sob. Now *Mrs. Y shivering in the cold air. I
asked if she had forgotten her key. No, no,
I asked if she wanted me to pound on the wall. No, no, she said. When we he said, the darkness helping her
embarrassment along, he locks me out.
I took a good look at Mr. Y when he passed by the next day. Such an unprepossessing fellow, he stooped,
he wore horn-rimmed glasses, he carried an umbrella to the bus stop rain or shine, and when he paid for
anything, a paper or a shoe shine, he pulled out change purse and counted his money out fussily, rather like
my old unmarried aunt.
When it was my landlord's turn to be locked out, I felt like cheering, shooting off rockets, or getting drunk.
He was a genuine peeve, coming around every so often to count the number of nails I had driven into his
walls and making sure I used the proper detergent for his tiles. His own turn came after a protracted quarrel
with his wife that lasted for several hours about an overdrawn bank account. Since she was employed and
he wasn't, she banked and he withdrew. It seemed he had drawn more than she allowed and she accused
him now of throwing money around that he didn't help to earn. He said he helped to earn it too; why, he
kept her content-in the night, in the dialect, in the state he was in, the statement took on several shades of
vulgarity. The furniture crashed, the children wept, the servants rushed-pale-faced—into the alley.
Everyone pretended nothing much was happening, but my gnomish landlord was putting up a bitter fight
to recoup lost dignity, for how now would he look before his tenants when he sallied forth to count the
bathroom tiles and measure the scratches on the floors if his wife bested him? The resistance proved to be
more real than token. .
"I'll hit you!” he said, and did. We heard the thump of a body against a wall. "I'll kill you!” he said, and
very nearly did, for clear above the treetops and the TV antennae rose the full-bodied scream of his wife. It
was obvious he didn't give a hoot about being stricken off a joint bank account. Then he marched off, with
my bloodied and bruised landlady vowing vengeance.
She did it with a set of keys.
She locked the main gate and the side gate. She locked the front door. She locked the windows. I suppose
he could have swung himself, Tarzan-fashion, up the porch and tried the French windows there but she had
locked those too. Then she must have distributed two dozen sleeping pills to the entire household, for when
he came and banged away, no one woke up. When I stepped out for bread the following morning, I found
him squeezed between the garbage and the gate, sleeping fitfully. Apartments also attract vendors, salesmen
and oddballs.
The woman who brings a basket of wilted vegetables and sick-looking meat cuts, to save the Missus a trip
to market, is actually a blessing, if only she'd learn to knock at the night time. She comes, however, just
4. when you're ready to take a bath or you're upstairs, half-dressed, tracking down some underclothes.
The junkman is there every Wednesday for your empty sauce and beer bottles, your old newspapers,
magazines and paper bags. Salesmen plague you with stereos, TV refrigerators, stoves, air conditioners,
floor polishers, their manner ranging from da to desperate, their clothes from casual to shabby.
The dapper ones, who are difficult to get rid of, dress like haberdashers, complete with tie pin, cuff links,
frat pin, even a cummerbund (which is also, if you look in sometimes called a cholera belt). They mesmerize
you with their sensual voice dismissing the down payment and the monthly installments of whatever you've
made the mistake of seeming to be interested in, as some trifle. What Is Important Is That They've Met
You, at last! after miles and miles of apartment alleys. They convey this with tender smiles, loving looks
and delicate gestures. The real pros dilate their nostrils and roll their eyes, breathing passionately and-once
when I began to wonder how any woman could squeeze in amour between a pile of dirty clothes and a stew,
what with the added risk of a husband storming in promptly at noon and demanding a brisk alcohol rub, the
sheik across any coffee table leaned forward intimately and said I reminded him (heavy pause) of a woman
in his past. Oh? I said archly. My mother, he said, with a catch in his throat. I asked, as sweetly as I could
manage, And what did you sell her?
These survey houses should get around to studying the relation between increased appliance sales in a given
neighborhood and the number of agreeable seductions.
Those who look like college students are, indeed, college students. They're red-eyed, pale and shaky, and
touchingly eager to make a sale. They'll offer to do anything, even wash your floor, if you'd only look at
their can openers and their plastic basins. Once let them tell you the story of their lives and you'll find
yourself with more can openers than you've got cans for.
If it isn't appliances or can openers, it's insurance they sell, books, subscriptions, and-believe it or not-
salvation. Heaven's peddlers, however, are, in looks, as far removed from angels as possible. They surface
when there's a fiesta anywhere within a radius of 50 miles. They belong to the same guild that solicits
contributions for an anonymous deceased to be mourned at a wake for the umpteenth time. They also service
policemen too shy to do their own tong collection.
One afternoon one of them came to the door and rapped smartly, and when I looked out from a second floor
window all I could see was a leather jacket and something difficult to make out which was big, heavy and
wrapped in a newspaper, cradled in the crook of his elbow. I wondered if my landlord had finally strangled
his wife, and there downstairs perhaps was a police officer, with warrant, and a pair of handcuffs (in
fashionable, silver finish), carrying a piece of torso it was to be my painful duty to identify
Our exchange went thus:
“Katoliko ka ba?” (It did not endear me to him that he had to push his head back and look up to talk to me.)
Bakit?” "Tinatanong ko lang kung Katoliko ka,” he pressed belligerently. (I had just washed my hair and
the dripping strands hung right over him.) “O ano? Kung Katoliko ka, bumaba ka!" "Bakit nga?”
"Aba, anak ng pu.., wala ka bang relihiyon? O tingnan mo, binabara mo na pati ang Diyos.”
When I had sufficiently recovered from his natural but abrupt charm, I found out he had God in his arms,
more accurately a lesser deity, some saint whose gentle intercession would protect me from warts, cancer,
and the diminution of sexual energy, if I came down, kissed its foot and gave him some money.
I waved him away. “Hindi ka ba natatakot maimpiyerno?" "Bahala na kung mabarbecue!"
5. Stratagems they didn't lack. One foot through the door, they said: "I'm thinking of your children's future,
Madam” (educational insurance). Or ‘Missis, why don't you take good care of your eyes?" (color film for
the TV set). “Twenty centavos a day, per child, the price of a coke" (Harvard Classics or one of the
encyclopedias). “Surprise your husband tonight!" (hair spray, ten months' supply). "Something for your old
age?" (jewelry, on installment).
Besides putting up with persistent salesmen and other people's marital troubles I contended with impractical
closets that were so high and so narrow, the landlord must have had stilts in mind when he built them.
Outside, my wash mysteriously disappeared off a common line. I lost count of how many handkerchiefs,
undershirts, slips and towels I missed in three months. It did not make me feel any better to know that some
of my underwear belonged to Mrs. Y who must have been, in an unwitting lend-lease arrangement, wearing
some of my own.
Apartments invariably mold a kind of person quite hard of hearing and more than a trifle uncaring of the
rights of others. His dwelling forces him to be that way. Stifling, airless, shockingly public, the architecture
of the popular three-by-six apartment, although stylized with the latest in doorknobs and light switches--
my landlord's apartment had a chandelier-is still oppressive to all that is human in one. The soul must have
room to move in, where it is quiet and dark and private, where neighbors don't intrude with their sneezes
and their grunts, where walls protect and not reveal. It isn't a stray theory that children who grow up in
apartments must suffer some twisting, eventually acquiring much of their elders' malicious curiosity.
Thrown too closely together, separated only by a thin plaster of cement, apartment dwellers pry, listen,
peep, keep track of, speculate, with more than subliminal interest.
I suppose with a sturdy wall between us, a breadth of yard and some trees, the quirks of Mr. Y wouldn't
have been too horrible nor my landlord seem too much of a runt. The bride's overdone languor next door
would not annoy me and her way with shoes at dawn would have been charming. When I finally moved
out, it was like the day we moved in-a line of slack-jawed houseboys and maids (and unwashed babies)
watching intently while the men trooped by with our belongings.
My landlord nervously counted the keys. For the last time and asked repeatedly if I had settled my light and
water bills. Yes, yes, I said, I was leaving nothing behind except the roaches that belonged to him.