2. INTRODUCTION
AIM:
* TEACH STUDENTS TO BE WORD-CONSCIOUS, TO BE ABLE TO GUESS THE
MEANING OF WORDS, TO BE ABLE TO RECOGNISE THE ORIGIN OF THIS OR THAT
LEXICAL UNIT
* TO GAIN INFORMATION ABOUT VOCABULARY RESOURCES OF MODERN ENGLISH
(FOR EX, ABOUT SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS)
• THE STYLISTICS PECULARITIES OF ENGLISH VOCABULARY
• THE COMPLEX NATURE OF THE WORD’S MEANING AND THE MODERN METHODS
OF ITS INVESTIGATION
• ENGLISH IDIOMS
• HISTORICAL CHANGES IN ENGLISH VOCABULARY
• MAIN PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH ENGLISH VOCABULARY
• OTHER ASPECTS
3. LECTURE 1. WORKING DEFINITIONS OF PRINCIPAL CONCEPTS
• LEXICOLOGY IS A BRANCH OF LINGUISTICS, THE SCIENCE OF
LANGUAGE
• ORIGINATED FROM 2 GREEK MORPHEMES:
LEXIS - “WORD”, “PHRASE”
LOGOS – “LEARNING”
5. TASKS OF LEXICOLOGY
• STUDY AND SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF VOCABULARY IN RESPECT
TO ITS ORIGIN, DEVELOPMENT AND CURRENT USE
• CONCERN WITH WORDS, VARIABLE WORD-GROUPS,
PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND MOTPHEMES WHICH MAKE UP
WORDS
7. • THE SYNCHRONIC APPROACH IS CONCERNED WITH THE VOCABULARY
OF A LANGUAGE AS IT EXISTS AT A GIVEN TIME, FOR INSTANCE, THE
PRESENT TIME
• THE DIACHRONIC APPROACH DEALS WITH THE CHANGES AND THE
DEVELOPMENT OF VOCABULARY IN THE COURSE OF TIME. IT IS
SPECIAL HISTORICAL LEXICOLOGY THAT DEALS WITH THE EVOLUTION
OF THE VOCABULARY. IT CONCERNS THE ORIGIN OF ENGLISH
VOCABULARY UNITS, THEIR CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT
8. WHAT DOES LEXICOLOGY STUDY?
• L. STUDIES VARIOUS LEXICAL UNITS: MORHEMES, WORDS, WORD-
GROUPS, PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS.
• WORD - THE BASIC UNIT OF LANGUAGE SYSTEM, THE LARGEST
MORPHOLOGIC AND THE SMALLEST SYNTACTIC UNIT.
10. EXTERNAL
The morphological structure of the word
post-impressionists
• post / im — the prefixes meaning “behind,” “after,” “later,”
• press — the root (нажать/давить/настаивать)
• -ion, -ist – the suffixes that form nouns
• -s—the grammatical suffix of plurality
unbelievable/misunderstanding/independence
11. Internal
Its meaning (semantic structure)
Post-impressionists-artists of the Post-impressionist school who
revolted against Impressionism
13. LATIN WORDS ARE CLASSIFIED INTO SUBGROUPS:
• EARLY LATIN LOANS
THROUGH THE LANGUAGE OF ANGLO-SAXON TRIBES
CUP, KITCHEN, PORT, WINE
• LATER LATIN BORROWINGS
• 6TH – 7TH CENTURIES WHEN ENGLAND WAS CONVERTED TO
CHRISTIANITY (PRIEST, BISHOP, CANDLE, NUN)
• 3RD PERIOD OF LATIN THE NORMAN CONQUEST IN 1066 AND THE
RENAISSANCE OR THE REVIVAL OF LEARNING (MAJOR, MINOR,
INTELLIGENT, PERMANENT)
• LATEST PERIOD – MOSTLY SCIENTIFIC WORDS (NYLON, MOLECULAR,
VACCINE, PHENOMENON, VACUUM)
14. NORMAN-FRENCH BORROWINGS
• EARLY LOANS – 12TH – 15TH CENTURY
( STATE, POWER, WAR, RIVER, PEN )
• LATER LOANS – BEGINNING FROM THE 16TH CENTURY
• (REGIME, POLICE, BALLET, SCENE)
